Combined Experimental and Theoretical Approach to the Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Cu-Doped LaMnO Perovskites.

Cu-doped LaCu Mn O perovskites have been used as a model system for a joint experimental and theoretical assessment of the influence of the Cu doping level on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. The different Cu-doped phases LaCuMnO (LCM37), LaCuMnO (LCM55), and LaCuMnO (LCM73) including the respective Cu- and Mn-free benchmark materials LaCuO (LC) and LaMnO (LM) have been studied by magnetization measurements and electronic paramagnetic resonance. Ferromagnetic behavior was detected for pure LM and all Cu-doped perovskites, whereas antiferromagnetic behavior was revealed for LaCuO.

Fostering Informed Consent and Shared Decision-Making in Maternity Nursing With the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI), defined as algorithms built to reproduce human behavior, has various applications in health care such as risk prediction, medical image classification, text analysis, and complex disease diagnosis. Due to the increasing availability and volume of data, especially from electronic health records, AI technology is expanding into all fields of nursing and medicine. As the health care system moves toward automation and computationally driven clinical decision-making, nurses play a vital role in bridging the gap between the technological output, the patient, and the health care team.

Evaluation of dermatologic diagnostic ability on skin of colour in preclinical medical students.

Background: Various studies have revealed that there is a disproportionately low representation of skin of colour (SOC) in medical school dermatologic curriculum and board study resources.

Methods: First-year and second-year medical students were emailed an 18-question survey regarding (1) identifying correct diagnoses of dermatologic conditions on either White skin or SOC and (2) their confidence in identifying dermatologic conditions on SOC.

Results: 15% of the images of dermatologic conditions included in the institutional preclinical curriculum show images of patients with SOC.

It Is Not Just a Matter of Motivation: The Role of Self-Control in Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults-A Bayesian Mediation Model.

This study aimed to understand how psychological factors affect regular exercise in older adults, hypothesising that trait self-control mediates the relationship between motivation types (intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation) and exercise time. In this cross-sectional study, 430 older adults (mean age = 68.8 ± 6.

Impact of tent shade on heat exposures and simulated heat strain for people experiencing homelessness.

Concurrent increases in homelessness and heat intensity, duration, and frequency translate to an urban heat risk trap for the unsheltered population. Homelessness is both a driver and consequence of poor health, co-creating distinct geographies with various risk factors that exacerbate heat vulnerability. We tested the efficacy of different tent shadings over identical tents often observed in the Phoenix area (white bedsheet, mylar, tarp, and aluminum foil) and compared them to a control tent (uncovered) and ambient conditions.

An Iterative Approach to Usability Evaluation: A Workplace Wellness Mobile Application Example.

Without a gold standard for mobile app usability testing, this paper outlines a case study of how a not-for-profit organization tested the usability of a public-facing mobile app designed to promote the health and wellbeing of workers in Canada by offering accessible resources conveniently through one's mobile phone. Although the app was developed by a third-party vendor, usability testing and refinement was left to the organization due to budgetary and time constraints. The app underwent three rounds of iterative usability testing.

Successful treatment of PD1-inhibitor induced psoriasiform dermatitis using IL-17 blockade without compromising immunotherapy efficacy.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal PD-1 inhibitor used in the treatment of lung cancer in addition to several other malignancies. Psoriasiform dermatitis is a well-documented adverse effect.

Case Report: We present a 68 year-old-male with a 50-year smoking history and a 30-year remote history of plaque psoriasis, limited to the knees and elbows, who presented with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Pembrolizumab induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient with metastatic melanoma and literature review on steroids as a treatment option.

Objective: We report a case of a 77-year-old male with metastatic melanoma who developed immune-checkpoint-inhibitor (ICI) induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) after seven months of pembrolizumab treatment and required life-long insulin use. This prompted a literature review of best practice guidelines for long-term management of checkpoint-inhibitor induced T1DM including oral steroids as a treatment option similar to other ICI adverse effects.

Data Sources And Summary: A literature search on PubMed was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of steroid treatment ICI-induced T1DM in any cancer type.

Titanium Oxycarbide as Platinum-Free Electrocatalyst for Ethanol Oxidation.

The compound material titanium oxycarbide (TiOC) is found to be an effective electrocatalyst for the electrochemical oxidation of ethanol to CO. The complete course of this reaction is one of the main challenges in direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs). While TiOC has previously been investigated as catalyst support material only, in this study we show that TiOC alone is able to oxidize ethanol to acetaldehyde without the need of expensive noble metal catalysts like Pt.

A laboratory-based multifunctional near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system for electrochemical, catalytic, and cryogenic studies.

A versatile multifunctional laboratory-based near ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) instrument is presented. The entire device is highly customized regarding geometry, exchangeable manipulators and sample stages for liquid- and solid-state electrochemistry, cryochemistry, and heterogeneous catalysis. It therefore delivers novel and unique access to a variety of experimental approaches toward a broad choice of functional materials and their specific surface processes.

Parental perceptions of a novel subsidy program to address the financial burden of milk allergy: a qualitative study.

Background: Approximately 6-7% of Canadian children have food allergy. These families face substantial burdens due to the additional costs incurred purchasing allergy-friendly products necessary for management compared to families without food allergies. In the year prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, these costs were equivalent to an average of $200 monthly compared to families without food allergy.

Zirconium Carbide Mediates Coke-Resistant Methane Dry Reforming on Nickel-Zirconium Catalysts.

Graphitic deposits anti-segregate into Ni nanoparticles to provide restored CH adsorption sites and near-surface/dissolved C atoms, which migrate to the Ni /ZrO interface and induce local Zr C formation. The resulting oxygen-deficient carbidic phase boundary sites assist in the kinetically enhanced CO activation toward CO(g). This interface carbide mechanism allows for enhanced spillover of carbon to the ZrO support, and represents an alternative catalyst regeneration pathway with respect to the reverse oxygen spillover on Ni-CeZr O catalysts.

Porous Silicon Oxycarbonitride Ceramics with Palladium and PdSi Nanoparticles for Dry Reforming of Methane.

Pd-containing precursor has been synthesized from palladium acetate and poly(vinly)silazane (Durazane 1800) in an ice bath under an argon atmosphere. The results of ATR-FTIR and NMR characterizations reveal the chemical reaction between palladium acetate and vinyl groups in poly(vinyl)silazane and the hydrolyzation reaction between -Si-H and -Si-CH=CH groups in poly(vinyl)silazane. The palladium nanoparticles are in situ formed in the synthesized precursors as confirmed by XRD, XPS, and TEM.

Who Does the Job? How Copper Can Replace Noble Metals in Sustainable Catalysis by the Formation of Copper-Mixed Oxide Interfaces.

Following the need for an innovative catalyst and material design in catalysis, we provide a comparative approach using pure and Pd-doped LaCu Mn O ( = 0.3 and 0.5) perovskite catalysts to elucidate the beneficial role of the Cu/perovskite and the promoting effect of Cu Pd /perovskite interfaces developing under model NO + CO reaction conditions.

Properties of Bulk In-Pt Intermetallic Compounds in Methanol Steam Reforming.

Heterogeneous catalysts are often complex materials containing different compounds. While this can lead to highly beneficial interfaces, it is difficult to identify the role of single components. In methanol steam reforming (MSR), the interplay between intermetallic compounds, supporting oxides and redox reactions leads to highly active and CO -selective materials.

Elucidating the role of earth alkaline doping in perovskite-based methane dry reforming catalysts.

To elucidate the role of earth alkaline doping in perovskite-based dry reforming of methane (DRM) catalysts, we embarked on a comparative and exemplary study of a Ni-based Sm perovskite with and without Sr doping. While the Sr-doped material appears as a structure-pure SmSrNiO Ruddlesden Popper structure, the undoped material is a NiO/monoclinic SmO composite. Hydrogen pre-reduction or direct activation in the DRM mixture in all cases yields either active Ni/SmO or Ni/SmO/SrCO materials, with albeit different short-term stability and deactivation behavior.

Atomic-Scale Insights into Nickel Exsolution on LaNiO Catalysts via Electron Microscopy.

Using a combination of bulk and surface characterization techniques, we provide atomic-scale insight into the complex surface and bulk dynamics of a LaNiO perovskite material during heating . Driven by the outstanding activity LaNiO in the methane dry reforming reaction (DRM), attributable to the decomposition of LaNiO during DRM operation into a Ni//LaO composite, we reveal the Ni exsolution dynamics both on a local and global scale by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. To reduce the complexity and disentangle thermal from self-activation and reaction-induced effects, we embarked on a heating experiment in vacuo under comparable experimental conditions in all methods.

Steering the methanol steam reforming reactivity of intermetallic Cu-In compounds by redox activation: stability formation of an intermetallic compound-oxide interface.

To compare the inherent methanol steam reforming properties of intermetallic compounds and a corresponding intermetallic compound-oxide interface, we selected the Cu-In system as a model to correlate the stability limits, self-activation and redox activation properties with the catalytic performance. Three distinct intermetallic Cu-In compounds - CuIn, CuIn and CuIn - were studied both in an untreated and redox-activated state resulting from alternating oxidation-reduction cycles. The stability of all studied intermetallic compounds during methanol steam reforming (MSR) operation is essentially independent of the initial stoichiometry and all accordingly resist substantial structural changes.

The sol-gel autocombustion as a route towards highly CO-selective, active and long-term stable Cu/ZrO methanol steam reforming catalysts.

The adaption of the sol-gel autocombustion method to the Cu/ZrO system opens new pathways for the specific optimisation of the activity, long-term stability and CO selectivity of methanol steam reforming (MSR) catalysts. Calcination of the same post-combustion precursor at 400 °C, 600 °C or 800 °C allows accessing Cu/ZrO interfaces of metallic Cu with either amorphous, tetragonal or monoclinic ZrO, influencing the CO selectivity and the MSR activity distinctly different. While the CO selectivity is less affected, the impact of the post-combustion calcination temperature on the Cu and ZrO catalyst morphology is more pronounced.

Steering the Catalytic Properties of Intermetallic Compounds and Alloys in Reforming Reactions by Controlled Decomposition and Self-Activation.

Based on the increasing importance of intermetallic compounds and alloys in heterogeneous catalysis, we explore the possibilities of using selected intermetallic compounds and alloy structures and phases as catalyst precursors to prepare highly active and CO-selective methanol steam reforming (MSR) as well as dry reforming of methane (DRM) catalyst entities by controlled decomposition and self-activation. The exemplary discussed examples (CuZr, CuZn, PdZr, GaPd, CuIn, ZnPd, and InPd) show both the advantages and pitfalls of this approach and how the concept can be generalized to encompass a wider set of intermetallic compounds and alloy structures. Despite the common feature of all systems being the more or less pronounced decomposition of the intermetallic compound surface and bulk structure and the formation of much more complex catalyst entities, differences arise due to the oxidation propensity and general thermodynamic stability of the chosen intermetallic compound/alloy and their constituents.

True Nature of the Transition-Metal Carbide/Liquid Interface Determines Its Reactivity.

Compound materials, such as transition-metal (TM) carbides, are anticipated to be effective electrocatalysts for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) to useful chemicals. This expectation is nurtured by density functional theory (DFT) predictions of a break of key adsorption energy scaling relations that limit CORR at parent TMs. Here, we evaluate these prospects for hexagonal MoC in aqueous electrolytes in a multimethod experiment and theory approach.

Foliar Endophytic Fungi Inhabiting an Annual Grass Along an Aridity Gradient.

Mutualistic fungi are known to increase plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress. Therefore, it is expected that along aridity gradients the diversity and composition of symbiotic fungal community will be associated with climate. We examined the diversity of foliar endophytic fungi, inhabiting an annual grass, growing in three different climates (arid, Mediterranean, and wet Mediterranean) along the Israeli aridity gradient.

Operando Fourier-transform infrared-mass spectrometry reactor cell setup for heterogeneous catalysis with glovebox transfer process to surface-chemical characterization.

We describe a new type of operando Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)-mass spectrometry setup for surface-chemical and reactivity characterization of heterogeneous catalysts. On the basis of a sophisticated all-quartz FTIR reactor cell, capable of operating between room temperature and 1000 °C in reactive gas atmospheres, the setup offers a unique opportunity to simultaneously collect and accordingly correlate FTIR surface-chemical adsorption data of the active catalyst state and FTIR gas phase data with complementary reactivity data obtained via mass spectrometry in situ. The full set of catalytic operation modes (recirculating static and flow reactor conditions) is accessible and can be complemented with a variety of temperature-programmed reaction modes or thermal desorption.