Enhancing Disability Research Through Participatory Video: Reflections on a Brazilian Study.

This paper explores the use of participatory video (PV) in a case study conducted in Arcoverde, Brazil, to address the call for greater participation of individuals with disabilities in health and social care planning and research. PV is grounded in similar concepts to the Disability Rights Movement's principle of "Nothing About Us, Without Us" and serves as a potential collaborative tool for individuals with disabilities to shape their narratives and contribute to research. The study was part of a multi-methods research project on healthcare access, with the PV research focusing on primary healthcare in Arcoverde.

Access to primary healthcare services among adults with disabilities in Brazil.

Objective: To investigate perspectives of people with disabilities in Brazil regarding the access to primary healthcare.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 44 individuals with disabilities in Pernambuco, Distrito Federal, and São Paulo between March 2020 and November 2021. These interviews were transcribed, coded, and analysed thematically, using the Levesque framework to identify healthcare access barriers.

Evolving narratives on signal functions for monitoring maternal and newborn health services: A meta-narrative inspired review.

Emergency obstetric care (EmOC) signal functions are a shortlist of key clinical interventions capable of averting deaths from the five main direct causes of maternal mortality; they have been used since 1997 as a part of an EmOC monitoring framework to track the availability of EmOC services in low- and middle-income settings. Their widespread use and proposed adaptation to include other types of care, such as care for newborns, is testimony to their legacy as part of the measurement architecture within reproductive health. Yet, much has changed in the landscape of maternal and newborn health (MNH) since the initial introduction of EmOC signal functions.

Increased utilisation and quality: a focus on inequality and a learning health system approach-explaining Nepal's success in reducing maternal and newborn mortality 2000-2020.

Introduction: Maternal mortality in Nepal dropped from 553 to 186 per 100 000 live births during 2000-2017 (66% decline). Neonatal mortality dropped from 40 to 21 per 1000 live births during 2000-2018 (48% decline). Stillbirths dropped from 28 to 18 per 1000 births during 2000-2019 (34% decline).

Access to primary healthcare services for adults with disabilities in Latin America and the Caribbean: a review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies.

Purpose: This review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies aims to provide an overview of qualitative evidence on primary healthcare access of people with disability in Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as to identify barriers that exist in this region.

Methods: Six databases were searched for studies from 2000 to 2022. 34 qualitative studies were identified.

Counseling, informed consent, and debriefing for cesarean section in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review.

Background: Counseling as part of the informed consent process is a prerequisite for cesarean section (CS). Postnatal debriefing allows women to explore their CS with their healthcare providers (HCPs).

Objectives: To describe the practices and experiences of counseling and debriefing, the barriers and facilitators to informed consent for CS; and to document the effectiveness of the interventions used to improve informed consent found in the peer-reviewed literature.

Community engagement in maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR): Realist review protocol.

While there has been a decline in maternal and perinatal mortality, deaths remain high in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. With the sustainable development goals (SDGs) targets to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality, more needs to be done to accelerate progress and improve survival. Maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) is a strategy to identify the clinical and social circumstances that contribute to maternal and perinatal deaths.

Stakeholders' perspectives on the acceptability and feasibility of maternity waiting homes: a qualitative synthesis.

Background: Maternity waiting homes (MHWs) are recommended to help bridge the geographical gap to accessing maternity services. This study aimed to provide an analysis of stakeholders' perspectives (women, families, communities and health workers) on the acceptability and feasibility of MWHs.

Methods: A qualitative evidence synthesis was conducted.

A cluster randomized controlled trial of an electronic decision-support system to enhance antenatal care services in pregnancy at primary healthcare level in Telangana, India: trial protocol.

Background: India contributes 15% of the total global maternal mortality burden. An increasing proportion of these deaths are due to Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), and anaemia. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a tablet-based electronic decision-support system (EDSS) to enhance routine antenatal care (ANC) and improve the screening and management of PIH, GDM, and anaemia in pregnancy in primary healthcare facilities of Telangana, India.

Measuring the quality of antenatal care in a context of high utilisation: evidence from Telangana, India.

Background: Antenatal care coverage has dramatically increased in many low-and middle-income settings, including in the state of Telangana, India. However, there is increasing evidence of shortfalls in the quality of care women receive during their pregnancies. This study aims to examine dimensions of antenatal care quality in Telangana, India using four primary and secondary data sources.

Participatory Visual Methods with caregivers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Colombia: A case study.

: This study explores the acceptability and feasibility of the use of two different Participatory Visual Methods (Participatory Video and Digital Storytelling) in gathering information on the experiences and perspectives of carers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome within Colombia. : Participatory Video was used to assess the impact of the Juntos parent-support intervention in the lives of carers, and Digital Storytelling was used to explore the healthcare access for these children. In-depth interviews were conducted to probe participants on their views of these methods.

The National Health Policy for people with disabilities in Brazil: an analysis of the content, context and the performance of social actors.

The purpose of this article is to analyse the circumstances in which the National Health Policy for Persons with Disabilities (PNSPCD) came into place in 2002 and the factors supporting or impeding its implementation from 2002 to 2018. The analysis was based on the Comprehensive Policy Analysis Model proposed by Walt and Gilson and focussed on understanding the context, process, content and actors involved in the formulation and implementation of the Policy. Data were obtained from two sources: document analysis of the key relevant documents and seven key informant interviews.

A systematic review of the profile and density of the maternal and child health workforce in China.

Background: To track progress in maternal and child health (MCH), understanding the health workforce is important. This study seeks to systematically review evidence on the profile and density of MCH workers in China.

Methods: We searched 6 English and 2 Chinese databases for studies published between 1 October 1949 and 20 July 2020.

The Ambiguity Imperative: "Success" in a Maternal Health Program in Uganda.

Global health programs are compelled to demonstrate impact on their target populations. We study an example of social franchising - a popular healthcare delivery model in low/middle-income countries - in the Ugandan private maternal health sector. The discrepancies between the program's official profile and its actual operation reveal the franchise responded to its beneficiaries, but in a way incoherent with typical evidence production on social franchises, which privileges simple narratives blurring the details of program enactment.

Respectful maternal and newborn care: measurement in one EN-BIRTH study hospital in Nepal.

Background: Respectful maternal and newborn care (RMNC) is an important component of high-quality care but progress is impeded by critical measurement gaps for women and newborns. The Every Newborn Birth Indicators Research Tracking in Hospitals (EN-BIRTH) study was an observational study with mixed methods assessing measurement validity for coverage and quality of maternal and newborn indicators. This paper reports results regarding the measurement of respectful care for women and newborns.

Understanding infection prevention behaviour in maternity wards: A mixed-methods analysis of hand hygiene in Zanzibar.

Rationale: Although women in low- and middle-income countries are increasingly encouraged to give birth at facilities, healthcare-associated infection of both the mother and newborn remain common. An important cause of infection is poor hand hygiene. There is a need to understand how environmental, behavioural, and organisational factors influence hygiene practice.

The Clean pilot study: evaluation of an environmental hygiene intervention bundle in three Tanzanian hospitals.

Background: Healthcare associated infections (HAI) are estimated to affect up to 15% of hospital inpatients in low-income countries (LICs). A critical but often neglected aspect of HAI prevention is basic environmental hygiene, particularly surface cleaning and linen management. TEACH CLEAN is an educational intervention aimed at improving environmental hygiene.

Understanding the role of female sterilisation in Indian family planning through qualitative analysis: perspectives from above and below.

Since the 1990s, the global approach to family planning has undergone fundamental transformations from population control to addressing reproductive health and rights. The Indian family planning programme has also transitioned from being vertical, target-oriented, and clinic-based to a supposedly target-free, choice-based programme that champions reproductive rights. Despite contraceptive choices being offered and voluntary adoption encouraged, there is a heavy reliance on female sterilisation.

"Life Is Taking Me Where I Need to Go": Biographical Disruption and New Arrangements in the Lives of Female Family Carers of Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Pernambuco, Brazil.

The congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) epidemic in Brazil turned the spotlight on many other factors beyond illness, such as poverty, gender, and inequalities in health care. Women were the emblematic subjects in this study, not only because Zika virus is a vertical transmission disease, but also because women-in Brazil and elsewhere-typically represent the primary carers of children. This is a qualitative analytic study using semi-structured interviews with 23 female family carers of children with CZS in Brazil.

"We All Join Hands": Perceptions of the Kangaroo Method Among Female Relatives of Newborns in The Gambia.

Family support is essential for kangaroo mother care (KMC), but there is limited research regarding perceptions of female relatives, and none published from West African contexts. In-depth interviews were conducted from July to August 2017 with a purposive sample of 11 female relatives of preterm neonates admitted to The Gambia's referral hospital. Data were coded in NVivo 11, and thematic analysis was conducted applying an inductive framework.

Hope and trust in times of Zika: the views of caregivers and healthcare workers at the forefront of the epidemic in Brazil.

This article investigates how hope and trust played out for two groups at the forefront of the Zika epidemic: caregivers of children with congenital Zika syndrome and healthcare workers. We conducted 76 in-depth interviews with members of both groups to examine hope and trust in clinical settings, as well as trust in public institutions, in the health system and in the government of Brazil. During and after the Zika epidemic, hope and trust were important to manage uncertainty and risk, given the lack of scientific evidence about the neurological consequences of Zika virus infection.

The promise and pitfalls of social science research in an emergency: lessons from studying the Zika epidemic in Brazil, 2015-2016.

Social science generates evidence necessary to control epidemics. It can help to craft appropriate public health responses, develop solutions to the epidemic impacts and improve understanding of why the epidemic occurred. Yet, there are practical constraints in undertaking this international research in a way that produces quality, ethical and appropriate data, and that values all voices and experiences, especially those of local researchers and research participants.

Parents as carers on a neonatal unit: Qualitative study of parental and staff perceptions in a low-income setting.

Unlabelled: Aim To determine parents' experiences on a neonatal unit in a low-income country, how they and staff perceive the role of parents and if parents' role as primary carers could be extended.

Background: A busy, rural district hospital in Rwanda. Rwandan neonatal mortality is falling, but achieving Sustainable Development Goal target is hampered by trained staff shortage.