Publications by authors named "Pengyan Zhang"

Article Synopsis
  • Kelps are crucial for temperate coastal ecosystems, supporting marine life and biodiversity, but increased CO levels could disrupt their role and the entire marine food web.
  • This study examines how elevated CO affects both kelps and their symbiotic microorganisms over a 4-month period, revealing changes in microbiome structure, metabolic profiles, and microbial interactions.
  • Key findings include the identification of specific microbiome biomarkers and stress-response molecules that may help kelps adapt to environmental changes, potentially enhancing their resilience against climate change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The efficient use of land resources is key to achieving the dual goals of "carbon neutrality" and high-quality development while addressing the challenges of imbalance between ecological protection and economic development in river basins. This study combines remote sensing data with land use change modeling to generate maps of land use changes in the past and present, and by integrating the Grey multi-objective optimization-Patch-level land use simulation (GMOP-PLUS) model with the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP 6) development pathways, it has defined 12 target scenarios to simulate and predict the trends of changes over the next 30 years, providing a basis for formulating future land management policies. We found that from 1980 to 2020, grassland dominated (41%), with the largest increase in built-up land, and a decrease in unused land and cropland by 5.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A one-pot strategy for iron-catalyzed C2,3-H arylphosphorylation of electron-deficient quinoxalines with phosphines and aryl compounds is reported. The proposed method features the use of non-noble metal catalysts, the capacity of utilizing multiple aryl compounds as substrates, the simultaneous formation of C-P and C-C bonds in one pot, the simplicity of its operation, the mildness of the reaction conditions, and its compatibility with a wide range of substrates. Moreover, it offers a practical route for direct access to 2-aryl-3-phosphino -heteroarenes, a class of potential cyclometalated C^N and N^P bidentate ligands that are difficult to prepare with existing C(sp)-H functionalization methods.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: To study the association of habitual coffee and tea consumption with the risk of cataract.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled UK Biobank participants between 2006 and 2010, and prospectively followed them up for cataract diagnosis. We examined the associations of self-reported intake of tea and coffee and the calculated combined caffeine intake, with the risk of incident cataract.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Changes in how land is used, like building more houses and businesses, greatly affect the environment around the Yellow River, which is a very important river for the area.
  • Researchers created a model to show different future land use possibilities for the Yellow River Basin from 1990 to 2020, helping to plan for 2030 while keeping the environment in mind.
  • The study found that building more construction sites is harming the land and nature, but protecting grasslands and woodlands can help the environment and keep things balanced in the future.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This paper introduces a spectral analysis method for monitoring the human skin in vivo based on a combination of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The method can quantitatively measure the refractive index, thickness and transmission coefficient of epidermis, and the refractive index of dermis in natural, as well as the tension condition of the skin. An optically reflective model for the multilayer structure of the skin is first established.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Both temperature and nutrient levels are rising in worldwide ocean ecosystems, and they strongly influence biological responses of phytoplankton. However, few studies have addressed the interactive effects of temperature and nitrogen sources on physiological performance of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. In this study, we evaluated algal growth, photosynthesis and respiration, elemental composition, enzyme activity, and calcification under a matrix of two temperatures gradients (ambient temperature 20 °C and high temperature 24 °C) and two nitrogen sources (nitrate (NO) and ammonium (NH)).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

With the accelerated development of urbanization, the exploration and usage of land resources is becoming more and more frequent, which leads to the decline of soil quality, resulting in a series of soil ecological issues, such as soil nutrient loss, soil quality degradation and destruction. At present, the contradiction between soil erosion and sustainable development of human society has become one of the hot issues studied by scholars. The Yellow River Basin is an important experimental area for high-quality development in China, constructing the Yellow River Ecological Economic Belt play an important role in China's regional coordinated development.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and EV proteins are promising biomarkers for cancer liquid biopsy. Herein, we designed a case-control study involving 100 controls and 100 patients with esophageal, stomach, colorectal, liver, or lung cancer to identify common and type-specific biomarkers of plasma-derived EV surface proteins for the five cancers. EV surface proteins were profiled using a sequencing-based proximity barcoding assay.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Conducting an extensive study on the spatial heterogeneity of the overall carbon budget and its influencing factors and the decoupling status of carbon emissions from economic development, by undertaking simulation projections under different carbon emission scenarios is crucial for China to achieve its targets to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. There are large disparities in carbon emissions from energy consumption, the extent of land used for carbon absorption, and the status of decoupling of emissions from economic development, among various regions of China.

Results: Based on night light data and land use data, we investigated carbon budget through model estimation, decoupling analysis, and scenario simulation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a crucial enzyme for metabolism, detoxification, and stress resistance in organisms. Many GSTs have been identified in seaweeds, but the isolation and functional analysis of GSTs in Saccharina japonica have not been completed.

Result: In this study, a total of 32 SjGST genes, localized on 10 scaffolds and 6 contigs, were identified and categorized into three groups.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • This study developed a predictive model for how well tetracycline (TC) adsorbs onto biochar (BC) using four machine learning techniques, analyzing data from 295 experiments.
  • The Random Forest model outperformed others in prediction accuracy, while specific surface area and particle size of BC were found to significantly impact TC adsorption efficiency.
  • The TC-to-BC ratio was identified as the key factor influencing adsorption, and the model can help select the most effective BC for treating TC in wastewater.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

CD8+ T cells can recognize peptides presented by class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA-I) of nucleated cells. Exploring this immune mechanism is essential for identifying T-cell vaccine targets in cancer immunotherapy. Over the past decade, the wealth of data generated by experiments has spawned many computational approaches for predicting HLA-I binding, antigen presentation and T-cell immune responses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Salinity is a serious threat to most land plants. Although seaweeds adapt to salty environments, intertidal species experience wide fluctuations in external salinities, including hyper- and hypo-saline stress. is an economic intertidal seaweed with a strong tolerance to hypo-salinity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background & Aims: A cluster of hepatic steatosis without metabolic abnormalities has been excluded by the MAFLD definition, referred to as non-MAFLD steatosis. We aimed to characterize the non-MAFLD steatosis.

Methods: We included 16,308 individuals from the UK Biobank who had magnetic resonance imaging-derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) to describe the clinical and genetic features of non-MAFLD steatosis in a cross-sectional design, and 14,797 individuals of the NHANES III who underwent abdominal ultrasonography at baseline to assess the long-term mortality of non-MAFLD steatosis in a prospective cohort design.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aims: Metabolic dysfunction and obesity commonly coexist with both alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD and NAFLD). The association of AFLD and NAFLD with incident diseases in individuals with different metabolic phenotypes are unclear.

Methods: UK Biobank study participants were screened for the presence of fatty liver at baseline.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Concomitant hepatitis B virus infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are relatively common, while little is known about the impact of anti-hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) on NAFLD individuals. We aimed to investigate the association of positive anti-HBc with advanced fibrosis and mortality in NAFLD.

Methods: We analyzed data from 3268 NAFLD participants who underwent abdominal ultrasonography during the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aims: Observational studies showed that low thyroid function may perturb liver function. We aimed to evaluate the association of low thyroid function with both metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and advanced hepatic fibrosis.

Methods: Participants who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and thyroid function test in a Chinese hospital from 2015 to 2021were enrolled.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Food security is crucial to world peace. Economic development has posed a great threat to the protection of cultivated land. Considering 20 cities in the lower Yellow River (AALYR) as the study area, this study explored the spatial evolution of cultivated land pressure (CLP) and economic development from 1998 to 2018, revealing the spatiotemporal coupling characteristics of the CLP index and economic development.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Saccharina japonica is an ecologically and economically important kelp in cold-temperate regions. When it is cultivated on a large scale in the temperate and even subtropical zones, heat stress is a frequent abiotic stress. This study is the first attempt to reveal the regulatory mechanism of the response to heat stress from the perspective of DNA methylation in S.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Macroalgae host diverse epiphytic bacterial communities with potential symbiotic roles including important roles influencing morphogenesis and growth of the host, nutrient exchange, and protection of the host from pathogens. Macroalgal cell wall structures, exudates, and intra-cellular environments possess numerous complex and valuable carbohydrates such as cellulose, hemi-cellulose, mannans, alginates, fucoidans, and laminarin. Bacterial colonizers of macroalgae are important carbon cyclers, acquiring nutrition from living macroalgae and also from decaying macroalgae.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Soil erosion has a severe impact on habitat and productivity. It is considered to be a major environmental threat prevalent in ecosystems. However, few researchers have studied the spatial distribution of soil erosion intensity among different geographic environmental factors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aureochrome (AUREO) is a kind of blue light photoreceptor with both LOV and bZIP structural domains, identified only in Stramenopiles. It functions as a transcription factor that responds to blue light, playing diverse roles in the growth, development, and reproduction of Stramenopiles. Most of its functions are currently unknown, especially in the economically important alga farmed on a large scale.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF