TssL2 of T6SS2 is required for mobility, biofilm formation, wrinkly phenotype formation, and virulence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus SH112.

Type VI secretion system 2 (T6SS2) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus is required for cell adhesion and autophagy in macrophages; however, other phenotypes conferred by this T6SS have not been thoroughly investigated. We deleted TssL2, a key component of T6SS2 assembly, to explore the role of the T6SS2 in environmental adaptation and virulence. TssL2 deletion reduced Hcp2 secretion, suggesting that TssL2 played an important role in activity of functional T6SS2.

BolA-like protein (IbaG) promotes biofilm formation and pathogenicity of .

is a gram-negative halophilic bacterium widespread in temperate and tropical coastal waters; it is considered to be the most frequent cause of -associated gastroenteritis in many countries. BolA-like proteins, which reportedly affect various growth and metabolic processes including flagellar synthesis in bacteria, are widely conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. However, the effects exerted by BolA-like proteins on remain unclear, and thus require further investigation.

Rapid and visual detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk using a recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow assay combined with immunomagnetic separation.

Aims: The aim of this study was to develop a novel approach using lateral flow recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA-LF) combined with immunomagnetic separation (IMS) for the rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk.

Methods And Results: Under optimum conditions, the average capture efficiency values for S. aureus strains (10  colony-forming units [CFU] per ml) was above 95.

Biological and transcriptional studies reveal VmeL is involved in motility, biofilm formation and virulence in .

is a marine pathogen thought to be the leading cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis globally, urgently requiring efficient management methods. encodes 12 resistance/nodulation/division (RND) efflux systems. However, research on these systems is still in its infancy.

Transcriptional silencing is associated with extensive methylation of the CMV promoter following adenoviral gene delivery to muscle.

Background: Although the transient nature of transgene expression using first-generation adenovirus (Ad) vectors is well known, the exact mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are uncertain.

Methods: Rats were given intramuscular (i.m.