Emerging roles of angiopoietin‑like 4 in human tumors (Review).

Angiopoietin‑like 4 (ANGPTL4), a member of the angiopoietin family, plays critical roles in angiogenesis, lipid metabolism and inflammation. It has been demonstrated that ANGPTL4 has significant influence on various diseases. Accumulating evidence has highlighted the impacts of ANGPTL4 on human malignancies.

Deubiquitination of CDC6 by OTUD6A promotes tumour progression and chemoresistance.

Background: CDC6 is an oncogenic protein whose expression level fluctuates during the cell cycle. Although several E3 ubiquitin ligases responsible for the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of CDC6 have been identified, the deubiquitination pathway for CDC6 has not been investigated.

Methods: The proteome-wide deubiquitinase (DUB) screening was used to identify the potential regulator of CDC6.

Circular RNA circTRPS1-2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by reducing the production of ribosomes.

Circular RNAs play important roles in many cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the precise functions of most circular RNAs are poorly understood. Here we detected significant downregulation of circTRPS1-2 in ESCC based on high-throughput sequencing of three pairs of ESCC tissue and adjacent normal tissue, followed by PCR validation with another 30 tissue pairs. Patients with ESCC whose circTRPS1-2 expression was below the median level for the sample showed significantly shorter median overall survival (13 months) than patients whose circTRPS1-2 expression was above the median (36 months).

Docosahexaenoic Acid Attenuates Radiation-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis by Inhibiting the p38/ET-1 Pathway in Cardiomyocytes.

Purpose: Radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis (RIMF) is a severe delayed complication of thoracic irradiation (IR). Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is critical in cardiac fibroblast activation, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is protective against various cardiac diseases. This study aimed to explore the roles of ET-1 in RIMF and the potential of DHA in preventing RIMF.

The efficacy and safety of Apatinib in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A retrospective trial.

Background: As a potent inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway, Apatinib has been used in antitumor treatment for some time. The study aimed to research the therapeutic effects and toxicity of Apatinib in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 128 NSCLC patients treated with Apatinib in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University.

BTN3A1 promotes tumor progression and radiation resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating ULK1-mediated autophagy.

Radiotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, radioresistance is a clinical problem that must urgently be solved. Here, we found that butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A1 (BTN3A1) is upregulated in ESCC tumor tissues compared with nontumor tissues. We also evaluated BTN3A1 expression in patients with ESCC receiving adjuvant radiotherapy.

Pyroptosis predicts immunotherapy outcomes across multiple cancer types.

Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by inflammation and may coordinate with cancer immunotherapy, but assessments of pyroptosis in patients with immunotherapy are lacking. We evaluated the pyroptosis potentials in 71 cohorts with 24,388 cancer patients. They were elevated in tumors compared to normal tissues but had a weak relationship with prognosis.

CD155 promotes radioresistance and malignancy of esophageal cancer by regulating Hippo-YAP pathway.

The expression of CD155 has been observed to increase in various human cancers, but its role in the development of esophageal cancer (EC) is unclear. Radiotherapy is one of the primary therapeutic options for EC. However, radioresistance is still a severe issue in EC treatment.

Olfactory sensory experience regulates gliomagenesis via neuronal IGF1.

Animals constantly receive various sensory stimuli, such as odours, sounds, light and touch, from the surrounding environment. These sensory inputs are essential for animals to search for food and avoid predators, but they also affect their physiological status, and may cause diseases such as cancer. Malignant gliomas-the most lethal form of brain tumour-are known to intimately communicate with neurons at the cellular level.

Inhibiting the Cytosolic Phospholipase A2-Arachidonic Acid Pathway With Arachidonyl Trifluoromethyl Ketone Attenuates Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis.

Purpose: Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a serious late complication of thoracic radiation therapy. Inflammation is crucial in fibroblast activation and RILF, and arachidonic acid (AA) is an important inflammatory mediator released by cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and reduced by arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone (ATK)-targeting of cPLA2. Here, we aimed to investigate the roles of the cPLA2/AA pathway in RILF and assess the potential of targeting cPLA2 to prevent RILF.

Anti-PD-L1/TGF-βR fusion protein (SHR-1701) overcomes disrupted lymphocyte recovery-induced resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in lung cancer.

Background: Second-generation programmed cell death-protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors, such as bintrafusp alfa (M7824), SHR-1701, and YM101, have been developed to simultaneously block PD-1/PD-L1 and transforming growth factor-beta/transforming growth factor-beta receptor (TGF-β/TGF-βR). Consequently, it is necessary to identify predictive factors of lung cancer patients who are not only resistant to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors but also sensitive to bifunctional drugs. The purpose of this study was to search for such predictors.

Fine-tuning of SUMOylation modulates drought tolerance of apple.

SUMOylation is involved in various aspects of plant biology, including drought stress. However, the relationship between SUMOylation and drought stress tolerance is complex; whether SUMOylation has a crosstalk with ubiquitination in response to drought stress remains largely unclear. In this study, we found that both increased and decreased SUMOylation led to increased survival of apple (Malus × domestica) under drought stress: both transgenic MdSUMO2A overexpressing (OE) plants and MdSUMO2 RNAi plants exhibited enhanced drought tolerance.

MdGH3.6 is targeted by MdMYB94 and plays a negative role in apple water-deficit stress tolerance.

Drought significantly limits apple fruit production and quality. Decoding the key genes involved in drought stress tolerance is important for breeding varieties with improved drought resistance. Here, we identified GRETCHEN HAGEN3.

The positive feedback regulatory loop of miR160-Auxin Response Factor 17-HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 mediates drought tolerance in apple trees.

Drought stress tolerance is a complex trait regulated by multiple factors. Here, we demonstrate that the miRNA160-Auxin Response Factor 17 (ARF17)-HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 module is crucial for apple (Malus domestica) drought tolerance. Using stable transgenic plants, we found that drought tolerance was improved by higher levels of Mdm-miR160 or MdHYL1 and by decreased levels of MdARF17, whereas reductions in MdHYL1 or increases in MdARF17 led to greater drought sensitivity.

Terthiophene-functionalized mesoporous silica-based fluorescence sensor for the detection of trace methyl orange in aqueous media.

A terthiophene-functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 silica, i.e., TTU-SBA-15, was successfully developed and used as a highly selective and ultrasensitive fluorescence sensor for methyl orange (MO) detection.

Zinc-finger protein MdBBX7/MdCOL9, a target of MdMIEL1 E3 ligase, confers drought tolerance in apple.

Water deficit is one of the main challenges for apple (Malus × domestica) growth and productivity. Breeding drought-tolerant cultivars depends on a thorough understanding of the drought responses of apple trees. Here, we identified the zinc-finger protein B-BOX 7/CONSTANS-LIKE 9 (MdBBX7/MdCOL9), which plays a positive role in apple drought tolerance.

N-methyladenosine demethylase ALKBH5 suppresses malignancy of esophageal cancer by regulating microRNA biogenesis and RAI1 expression.

N-Methyladenosine (mA) is the most prevalent epigenetic RNA modification and is vital in regulating malignancies. The roles of mA modifiers on noncoding RNAs have not been fully investigated in esophageal cancer. By screening all mA modifiers, ALKBH5 was the most potent member related to patient outcomes and suppressing esophageal cancer malignancy in cell and animal models.

Insights into the effect of human civilization on Malus evolution and domestication.

The evolutionary history of the Malus genus has not been well studied. In the current study, we presented genetic evidence on the origin of the Malus genus based on genome sequencing of 297 Malus accessions, revealing the genetic relationship between wild species and cultivated apples. Our results demonstrated that North American and East Asian wild species are closer to the outgroup (pear) than Central Asian species, and hybrid species including natural (separated before the Pleistocene, about 2.

AlphaB-crystallin promotes porcine circovirus type 2 replication in a cell proliferation-dependent manner.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and causes heavy economic losses to the porcine industry worldwide. In this study, PK-15 cells were infected with PCV2 for 48 h, then harvested and subjected to label-free quantitative proteomic mass spectrometry. In total, 1212 proteins were differentially expressed in PCV2-infected cells compared with mock-infected cells, including 796 upregulated and 416 downregulated proteins.

Dynamic Change of Amide Proton Transfer Imaging in Irradiated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Related Histopathological Mechanism.

Objective: To investigate the dynamic change of amide proton transfer (APT) imaging before and after irradiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the underlying histopathological mechanism.

Materials And Methods: Tumor-bearing BALB/C nude mouse models were established and randomly divided into three groups: high-dose group (20 Gy/2 fractions), low-dose group (10 Gy/2 fractions), and control group (0 Gy). MRI scanning was performed before irradiation and 3rd, 6th, and 9th day post-irradiation.

A multifaceted module of BRI1 ETHYLMETHANE SULFONATE SUPRESSOR1 (BES1)-MYB88 in growth and stress tolerance of apple.

The R2R3 transcription factor MdMYB88 has previously been reported to function in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Here, we identify BRI1 ETHYLMETHANE SULFONATE SUPRESSOR1 (MdBES1), a vital component of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling in apple (Malus × domestica) that directly binds to the MdMYB88 promoter, regulating the expression of MdMYB88 in a dynamic and multifaceted mode. MdBES1 positively regulated expression of MdMYB88 under cold stress and pathogen attack, but negatively regulated its expression under control and drought conditions.

Syntaphilin downregulation facilitates radioresistance via mediating mitochondria distribution in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Syntaphilin (SNPH) halts mitochondrial movements and regulates proliferation-motility phenotype switching of cancer cells. We sought to investigate the significance of SNPH-mediated mitochondria distribution in radioresistant (RR) phenotype switching in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). RR ESCC cells were established by long-term exposure to radiation.