Gut-Liver Axis: Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolic Products as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major complication reported in various clinical scenarios such as liver transplantation (LTx), hepatectomy, and acute hepatic insult. This condition affects the restoration of hepatic functionalities post-LTx. Contemporary scientific inquiries have highlighted the involvement of intestinal microbiota and their metabolic by-products in the initiation and progression of HIRI.

Two different mutational types of familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Two case reports.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and cases of GISTs tend to be of the disseminated type, with a global incidence of 10 to 15 cases/million each year. The rarer familial GISTs, which often represent a population, differ in screening, diagnosis, and treatment. Familial GISTs include primary familial GISTs with predominantly KIT/PDGFRA mutations and wild-type GISTs.

Anoikis-related genes in breast cancer patients: reliable biomarker of prognosis.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, and its progression is closely related to the phenomenon of anoikis. Anoikis, the specific programmed death resulting from a lack of contact between cells and the extracellular matrix, has recently been recognized as playing a critical role in tumor initiation, maintenance, and treatment. The ability of cancer cells to resist anoikis leads to cancer progression and metastatic colonization.

Advances in immunotherapy of M2 macrophages and gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal-derived tumors of the GI tract. They can occur throughout the GI tract, and the survival time of some patients can be improved by first-line targeted therapy with imatinib. However, there are some limitations with imatinib treatment.

Comprehensive analysis of the effects of the cuprotosis-associated gene on patient prognosis and tumor microenvironment in human cancer.

Background: Solute carrier family 31 (copper transporter), member 1 () is a key factor in maintaining intracellular copper concentration and an important factor affecting cancer energy metabolism. Therefore, exploring the potential biological function and value of could provide a new direction for the targeted therapy of tumors.

Methods: This study assessed gene expression levels, survival, clinicopathology, gene mutations, methylation levels, the tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and the immune cell infiltration of in pan-cancer using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.

Unexpected reaction of "wild-type" gastrointestinal stromal tumor to imatinib: case report and literature review.

Background: Most of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are driven by mutations in the KIT/PDGFRA genes and can benefit from TKIs treatment. However, a small subset of GIST (10%-15%) are called "wild-type" GISTs due to the lack of these mutations. Theoretically, they would not benefit from TKIs treatment and may even develop resistance.

Pan‑cancer analysis identified ARHGAP23 as a potential biomarker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Rho GTPASE-activating protein 23 (ARHGAP23) is known to activate RHO-GTPase and has an important role in the infiltration and metastasis of tumors. Although previous studies suggested its involvement in certain human cancers, its role in pan-cancer remains unclear. In the present study, the expression, prognosis and potential functions of ARHGAP23 in pan-cancer were evaluated through various public databases such as Human Protein Atlas, Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource, Gene Set Co-Expression Analysis, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, cBio Cancer Genomics Portal, Tumor-Immune System Interactions Database (TISIDB) and others.

Comparison of the safety and effectiveness of different surgical timing for acute cholecystitis after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the treatment of acute cholecystitis (AC) at different time points after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD).

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to 1 May 2022. The last date of search was the May 30, 2022.

The crosstalking of lactate-Histone lactylation and tumor.

Lactate was once considered to be a by-product of energy metabolism, but its unique biological value was only gradually explored with the advent of the Warburg effect. As an end product of glycolysis, lactate can act as a substrate for energy metabolism, a signal transduction molecule, a regulator of the tumor microenvironment and immune cells, and a regulator of the deubiquitination of specific enzymes, and is involved in various biological aspects of tumor regulation, including energy shuttling, growth and invasion, angiogenesis and immune escape. Furthermore, we describe a novel lactate-dependent epigenetic modification, namely histone lactylation modification, and review the progress of its study in tumors, mainly involving the reprogramming of tumor phenotypes, regulation of related gene expression, mediation of the glycolytic process in tumor stem cells (CSCs) and influence on the tumor immune microenvironment.

A Forgotten Corner in Cancer Immunotherapy: The Role of Lipids.

In the past decade, cancer immunotherapy has achieved great success owing to the unravelling of unknown molecular forces in cancer immunity. However, it is critical that we address the limitations of current immunotherapy, including immune-related adverse events and drug resistance, and further enhance current immunotherapy. Lipids are reported to play important roles in modulating immune responses in cancer.

Intestinal congestion and reperfusion injury: damage caused to the intestinal tract and distal organs.

In clinical practice, intestinal autologous diseases, ailments and organ transplants can cause severe congestive damage to the intestinal tract. However, after the etiological factor is gotten rid of and blood flow is free without any hinderance, further damage to the intestinal wall often occurs, causing other related organ dysfunctions. This ultimately results in intestinal congestion reperfusion injury (ICRI).

Auditory and Visual Stimulation for Abdominal Postoperative Patients Experiencing Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS).

The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program can reduce postoperative complications, hospital stay, and overall costs in patients, although the evidence for physical intervention with patients is still lacking. This study provides visual and auditory physical interventions to patients in order to explore the effects of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery following abdominal surgery. The study group consisted of patients who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy, radical resection of gastric cancer, or radical resection of colon cancer; we randomly divided them into a control group and a visual and auditory intervention group.

Prognostic role of urokinase plasminogen activator in hepatocellular carcinoma: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.

Background: Previous studies have showed that the high expression of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in pathology and serology is closely related to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, there are no systematic reviews for these evidence, and the association between uPA and HCC is still not completely understood. Therefore, we will undertake a systematic review of the literature to summarize previous evidence regarding this topic, in order to clarify the prognostic significance of uPA in HCC.

Effects of Antibiotic Use on Outcomes in Cancer Patients Treated Using Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Antibiotic (ATB) use seems to negatively affect the outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The aim of this review is to clarify whether ATB use influences the efficacy of ICI treatment in cancer patients. Databases of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for reports published in English between January 2007 and December 2019.

Advances and challenges of neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer has been becoming the second cause of cancer death in the western world, and its disease burden has increased. Neoadjuvant therapy is one of the current research hotspots in the field of pancreatic cancer, aiming to improve the surgical rate and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Based on the latest evidence, this review discussed neoadjuvant therapy in pancreatic cancer from the following three aspects: patient selection, protocols selection of neoadjuvant therapy, and treatment response evaluation and resectability prediction.

Prognostic significance of tissue factor in patients with pancreatic cancer: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive digestive system tumour with poor prognosis. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a well-known complication of pancreatic cancer, and tissue factor (TF) contributes to the generation of a hypercoagulable state and thrombotic disease in pancreatic cancer. Several studies showed that an elevated TF level was related to the development of VTE and influenced the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Key Genes Associated with Prognosis and Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells in Gastric Cancer Patients Identified by Cross-Database Analysis.

The molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer (GC) progression are unclear. The authors examined key genes associated with the prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in patients with GC. Gene expression omnibus (GEO) was used to filter and obtain GC-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Assessment of the quality of systematic reviews on COVID-19: A comparative study of previous coronavirus outbreaks.

Several systematic reviews (SRs) have been conducted on the COVID-19 outbreak, which together with the SRs on previous coronavirus outbreaks, form important sources of evidence for clinical decision and policy making. Here, we investigated the methodological quality of SRs on COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Online searches were performed to obtain SRs on COVID-19, SARS, and MERS.

Risk of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious life-threatening complication in patients with gastric cancer. Abnormal coagulation function and tumour-related treatment may contribute to the occurrence of VTE. Many guidelines considered that surgical treatment would put patients with cancer at high risk of VTE, so positive prevention is needed.

Translational value of partial resection of the pulmonary artery wall for congenital heart disease-induced bronchial compression.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a novel surgical procedure in treating tracheal or bronchial compression related to severe congenital heart disease.

Methods: The clinical data of 28 patients with tracheal or bronchial compression related to severe congenital heart disease were retrospectively analyzed. In the control group, 12 patients underwent surgery for congenital cardiac malformations.

In Vitro Study on the Dynamics of Blood Flow Impelled by an Alternating Current Magnetohydrodynamic Blood Pump.

Artificial hearts are effective devices to treat heart failure in clinical practice and can be divided into two categories: artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices. The goal of this work was to investigate the fluidity and biological changes of in vitro sheep blood using a novel alternating current (AC) magnetohydrodynamic blood pump (central magnetic intensity: 0.9 T, alternating current frequency of the electric motor: 0-80 Hz).

[Effect of high-intensity alternating magnetic field on viscosity of sheep blood].

To explore the changes of blood viscosity in high-intensity alternating magnetic field and the mechanisms.
 Methods: Five adult sheep were randomly selected and the blood samples were placed in high-intensity alternating magnetic field. Before and after exposure, the blood samples were taken and divided into 2 groups: a control group and a magnetic field group.