Liver toxicity in rats after subchronic exposure to HTP aerosol and cigarette smoke.

Background: Heated tobacco product (HTP) considered to be a novel tobacco product which was reported safer than traditional cigarettes evidenced by lower potential harmful components released. Liver is an important detoxification organ of the body, the chemical components in aerosols are metabolized in the liver after absorbed, so it is necessary to explore the effect of HTP on the liver.

Materials And Methods: The potential effect of HTP and cigarette smoke (CS) on SD rats was explored according to OECD 413 subchronic inhalation.

Testicular tissue response following a 90-day subchronic exposure to HTP aerosols and cigarette smoke in rats.

Background: Researches have shown that chronic inhalation of cigarette smoke (CS) disrupts male reproductive system, but it is unclear about the mechanisms behind reproductive damages by tobacco toxicants in male rats. This study was designed to explore the effects of heated tobacco products (HTP) aerosols and CS exposure on the testicular health of rats.

Materials And Methods: Experiments were performed on male SD rats exposed to filtered air, HTP aerosols at 10 μg/L, 23 μg/L, and 50 μg/L nicotine-equivalent contents, and also CS at 23 μg/L nicotine-equivalent content for 90 days in five exposure groups (coded as sham, HTP_10, HTP_23, HTP_50 and Cig_23).

Evaluation of toxicity of heated tobacco products aerosol and cigarette smoke to BEAS-2B cells based on 3D biomimetic chip model.

It is still a controversial topic about evaluating whether heated tobacco products (HTP) really reduce harm, which involves the choice of an experimental model. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic chip model was used to evaluate the toxicity of aerosols came from HTP and smoke produced by cigarettes (Cig). Based on cell-related experiments, we found that the toxicity of Cig smoke extract diluted four times was also much higher than that of undiluted HTP, showing higher oxidative stress response and cause mitochondrial dysfunction.

Simultaneous quantification of nicotine salts in e-liquids by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS.

Nicotine salts, formed by nicotine and organic acids, are commonly added to electronic cigarette liquids for their ability to provide desirable sensory effects. Analytical strategies have been developed to detect the types of organic acids and nicotine levels, but methods for directly measuring nicotine salts are still desirable. Herein, a novel approach is presented for the simultaneous quantification of non-volatile and volatile nicotine salts liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS).

Evaluation of inhalation toxicology after a 90-day xylitol aerosol exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Xylitol is a hygroscopic compound known to protect nasal cavity against bacteria. It has also been developed into nasal spray and evaluated as a potential candidate drug for respiratory diseases. Consequently, it is necessary to study its inhalation toxicity.

Toxicity evaluation in rats following 28 days of inhalation exposure to xylitol aerosol.

Xylitol has reported to decrease gingival inflammation and nasopharyngeal pneumonia, which indicated that xylitol may have potential application in respiratory diseases. Although some studies have reported the inhalation toxicity of xylitol, however, the longest period tested was only for 14 days. The inhalation toxicity of xylitol is insufficient.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel L-Homoserine Lactone Analogs as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

In this study, we synthesized four series of novel L-homoserine lactone analogs and evaluated their in vitro quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory activity against two biomonitor strains, Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Studies of the structure-activity relationships of the set of L-homoserine lactone analogs indicated that phenylurea-containing N-dithiocarbamated homoserine lactones are more potent than (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone (C30), a positive control for biofilm formation. In particular, compared with C30, QS inhibitor 11f significantly reduced the production of virulence factors (pyocyanin, elastase and rhamnolipid), swarming motility, the formation of biofilm and the mRNA level of QS-related genes regulated by the QS system of PAO1.