Banxia Xiexin Decoction Alleviated Cerebral Glucose Metabolism Disorder by Regulating Intestinal Microbiota in APP/PS1 Mice.

Objective: To identify whether Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXD) alleviates cerebral glucose metabolism disorder by intestinal microbiota regulation in APP/PS1 mice.

Methods: Forty-five 3-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were divided into 3 groups using a random number table (n=15 per group), including a model group (MG), a liraglutide group (LG) and a BXD group (BG). Fifteen 3-month-old male C57BL/6J wild-type mice were used as the control group (CG).

Introducing new green machining technology to enhance process performance and reduce environmental pollution in the metal processing industry.

The pursuit of enhanced cooling and lubrication methods for machining processes that are energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective is receiving significant attention from both academia and industry. The reduction of CO emissions is closely tied to electrical and embodied energy consumption. This study introduces a novel LN oil-on-water (LNOoW) cooling/lubrication (lubricooling) approach for the machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Chinese herbal compound Jinsiwei improves synaptic plasticity in mice with sporadic Alzheimer's disease induced by streptozotocin.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Jinsiwei (a patented Chinese herbal compound) on learning and memory impairment, the number of synapses and synaptic plasticity-related structural and functional protein expression in mice with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD) induced by streptozotocin.

Methods: Seventy-five C57/BL6J male mice were intracerebroventricularly injected with streptozotocin to establish the animal model of SAD. Mice were randomly divided into the model group (MG), donepezil group (DG), and the Jinsiwei high, medium, and low-dose groups (JH, JM, JL).

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Pleural Effusion following Radioiodine Remnant Ablation Post Lobectomy for Thyroid Cancer.

Radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA) was previously demonstrated to be a safe and effective alternative to completion thyroidectomy for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, its side effects have not been fully investigated, particularly in patients with lobectomy. We reported a young euthyroidal female who underwent RRA post lobectomy and lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid cancer, whose post-ablation I-whole-body scan accidentally showed diffuse radioiodine distribution on chest-mimicking pulmonary metastases.

Shenzhiling oral solution promotes myelin repair through PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway in STZ-induced SAD mice.

Unlabelled: Most forms of Alzheimer's disease are sporadic. A model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease induced with bilateral intraventricular injection of streptozotocin leads to insulin resistance in the brain accompanied by memory decline, synaptic dysfunction, amyloid plaque deposition, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis, all of which mimic the pathologies associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Myelin injury is an essential component of Alzheimer's disease, playing a key role in early cognitive impairment.

Shenzhiling oral liquid protects the myelin sheath against Alzheimer's disease through the PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shenzhiling oral liquid (SZL), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound, is firstly approved by the Chinese Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). SZL is composed of ten Chinese herbs, and the precise therapy mechanism of its action to AD is far from fully understood.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of this study was to observe whether SZL is an effective therapy for amyloid-beta (Aβ)-induced myelin sheath and oligodendrocytes impairments.

Role of insulin receptor substance-1 modulating PI3K/Akt insulin signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, also regarded as "type 3 diabetes" for the last few years because of the brain insulin resistance (IR) and dysregulation of insulin signaling in the brain, which can further promote pathological progression of AD. IRS-1/PI3K/Akt insulin signaling pathway disorder and its downstream cascade reaction are responsible for cognitive decline in the brain. In recent years, a growing number of studies has documented that dysregulation of insulin signaling is a key feature of AD and has crucial correlations with serine/tyrosine (Ser/Tyr) phosphorylation of insulin receptor substance-1(IRS-1).

Shenzhiling Oral Liquid Protects STZ-Injured Oligodendrocyte through PI3K/Akt-mTOR Pathway.

White matter degeneration and demyelination are nonnegligible pathological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The damage of myelin sheath consisting of oligodendrocytes is the basis of AD's unique early lesions. Shenzhiling oral liquid (SZL) was the effective Chinese herbal compound approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of AD in China, which plays the exact therapeutic role in clinical AD patients.

Study on myelin injury of AD mice treated with Shenzhiling oral liquid in the PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway.

Shenzhiling oral liquid (SZL) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) compound to be approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) (Z20120010) for the treatment of mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its mechanism in early AD is not clear. We studied its mechanism in protecting myelin.

Liquiritin, a novel inhibitor of TRPV1 and TRPA1, protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury.

TRPV1 and TRPA1 are cation channels that play key roles in inflammatory signaling pathways. They are co-expressed on airway C-fibers, where they exert synergistic effects on causing inflammation and cough. Licorice, the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, has been widely used in China as an anti-inflammatory and anti-coughing herb.

GAPT regulates cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress in the brains of learning and memory impairment mice induced by scopolamine.

Background: Cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative stress are the crucial mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). GAPT, also called GEPT (a combination of several active components extracted from the Chinese herbs ginseng, epimedium, polygala and tuber curcumae) or Jinsiwei, is a patented Chinese herbal compound, has been clinically widely used to improve learning and memory impairment, but whether it can play a neuroprotective role by protecting cholinergic neurons and reducing oxidative stress injury remains unclear.

Methods: Male ICR mice were intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine (3 mg/kg) to establish a learning and memory disordered model.

A novel comprehensive risk assessment method for sudden water accidents in the Middle Route of the South-North Water Transfer Project (China).

The Middle Route of the South-North Water Transfer Project in China consists of a long open canal and complex hydraulic structures. It provides drinking water for Beijing, Shijiazhuang, and other cities under extremely strict water quality requirements. In the recent decades, water pollution accidents have frequently occurred in water transfer projects.

Potential synaptic plasticity-based Shenzhiling oral liquid for a SAD Mouse Model.

Background: Synaptic plasticity is the basis of memory formation. The pathological manifestations of abnormal glucose metabolism in the nervous system of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD) may affect synaptic plasticity, thus causing memory damage. As a traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation, the mechanism by which Shenzhiling (SZL) oral liquid can alleviate the cognitive impairment of SAD by improving synaptic plasticity remains unclear.

Systematic Review of Basic Research on Alzheimer's Disease with Shen Zhi Ling Oral Liquid.

Objective: The present report systematically reviewed the basic research of Shen Zhi Ling oral liquid (Tiao Xin preparation) treatment on Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP were searched, and the literature was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted, and descriptive analysis was used.

Effect of Chinese herbal compound GAPT on the early brain glucose metabolism of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

A number of studies have shown that early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with abnormal brain glucose metabolism before cognitive decline, which may be the key pathological change of asymptomatic AD. The pathogenesis of AD in traditional Chinese medicine is kidney deficiency and turbid phlegm. Based on this, GAPT (a mixture of herbal extracts) was made to invigorate kidney Yang and eliminate phlegm.

The influence of GAPT extraction on synapse loss of APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice via adjusting Bcl-2/Bax balance.

Introduction: The degeneration of memory-focused synapses play important roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, while it is not well known how β amyloid interferes neuron apoptosis and how a herbal combination GAPT influence synapse loss and neuronal apoptosis pathways of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Methods: Three-month and six-month APPswe/PS1dE9 transgenic mice were used. Spatial and memory ability were measured by Morris Water Maze, Neuron and synapse number were assessed by electron microscope; Aβ, Bcl-2/Bax were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot.

Banxia Xiexin decoction ameliorated cognition via the regulation of insulin pathways and glucose transporters in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.

Reduced glucose utilization and deficient energy metabolism that occur in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease correlate with impaired cognition, and this information is evidence that Alzheimer's disease is a metabolic disease that is associated with brain insulin/insulin-like growth factor resistance. This research aimed to investigate the effects of Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) on cognitive deficits in APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice and verify the hypothesis that BXD treatment improves cognitive function via improving insulin signalling, glucose metabolism and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice. We used 3-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice as the case groups and wild-type littermates of the double transgenic mice from the same colony as the control group.

Effect of GAPT extract on expression of tau protein and its phosphorylation related enzymes in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice.

Objective: To investigate the effect of GAPT, an extract mixture from Radix Ginseng, Rhizoma Acor tatarinowii, Radix Polygalae and Radix Curcuma (containing ingredient of turmeric), etc. on expression of tau protein and its phosphorylation related enzyme in hippocampal neurons of APPV717I transgenic mice.

Methods: Sixty three-month-old APPV717I transgenic mice were randomly divided into model group, donepezil group [0.

Curcumin regulates insulin pathways and glucose metabolism in the brains of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.

Recent studies have shown the therapeutic potential of curcumin in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In 2014, our lab found that curcumin reduced Aβ40, Aβ42 and Aβ-derived diffusible ligands in the mouse hippocampus, and improved learning and memory. However, the mechanisms underlying this biological effect are only partially known.

Curcumin ameliorates insulin signalling pathway in brain of Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice.

Deficits in glucose, impaired insulin signalling and brain insulin resistance are common in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD); therefore, some scholars even called AD type 3 diabetes mellitus. Curcumin can reduce the amyloid pathology in AD. Moreover, it is a well-known fact that curcumin has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Herbal formula GAPT prevents beta amyloid deposition induced Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase 2B imbalance in APPV717I mice.

Background: Synaptic dysfunction is one of the pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is directly related to the progressive decline of cognitive function. CaMKII and CaN have been found to play important roles in memory processes and synaptic transmission. So present study aimed to elucidate relationships between CaMKII, CaN and cognitive decline in APPV717I mice, and to reveal whether the cognitive improving effects of GAPT is conducted through rebalance CaMKII and CaN.

Effects of curcumin on synapses in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.

Significant losses of synapses have been demonstrated in studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but structural and functional changes in synapses that depend on alterations of the postsynaptic density (PSD) area occur prior to synaptic loss and play a crucial role in the pathology of AD. Evidence suggests that curcumin can ameliorate the learning and memory deficits of AD. To investigate the effects of curcumin on synapses, APPswe/PS1dE9 double transgenic mice (an AD model) were used, and the ultra-structures of synapses and synapse-associated proteins were observed.