Dysregulation of parvalbumin expression and neurotransmitter imbalance in the auditory cortex of the BTBR mouse model of autism spectrum disorder.

Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently exhibit abnormalities in auditory perception, a phenomenon potentially attributed to alterations in the excitatory and inhibitory cells constituting cortical circuits. However, the exact genetic factors and cell types affected by ASD remain unclear. The present study investigated the balance of excitatory and inhibitory activity in the auditory cortex using BTBR T Itpr3/J (BTBR) mice, a well-established model for autism research.

Wax-Transferred Hydrophobic CVD Graphene Enables Water-Resistant and Dendrite-Free Lithium Anode toward Long Cycle Li-Air Battery.

One of the key challenges in achieving practical lithium-air battery is the poor moisture tolerance of the lithium metal anode. Herein, guided by theoretical modeling, an effective tactic for realizing water-resistant Li anode by implementing a wax-assisted transfer protocol is reported to passivate the Li surface with an inert high-quality chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene layer. This electrically conductive and mechanically robust graphene coating enables serving as an artificial solid/electrolyte interphase (SEI), guiding homogeneous Li plating/stripping, suppressing dendrite and "dead" Li formation, as well as passivating the Li surface from moisture erosion and side reactions.

Revisiting the Grain and Valence Effect of Oxide-Derived Copper on Electrocatalytic CO Reduction Using Single Crystal Cu(111) Foils.

Oxide-derived Cu (OD-Cu) has been viewed as a highly active form for catalyzing the multielectron transfer of electrochemical CO reduction, but the underlying catalytic mechanism is still controversial. In the current study, the crystalline and valency factors that influence the COR activities of OD-Cu are revisited by employing single crystal Cu(111) foils that exclude convolutions from initial morphological and crystallographic heterogeneity. We observe that the overall COR performance, especially the CH selectivity, correlates well with the initial oxidation level of the Cu(111) foil, of which the surface oxide layer is reduced into small fragments comprising rich grain boundaries and diversely orientated facets.

Elucidation of Active Sites on S, N Codoped Carbon Cubes Embedding Co-Fe Carbides toward Reversible Oxygen Conversion in High-Performance Zinc-Air Batteries.

The development of high-performance but low-cost catalysts for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of central importance for realizing the prevailing application of metal-air batteries. Herein a facile route is devised to synthesize S, N codoped carbon cubes embedding Co-Fe carbides by pyrolyzing the Co-Fe Prussian blue analogues (PBA) coated with methionine. Via the strong metal-sulfur interaction, the methionine coating provides a robust sheath to restrain the cubic morphology of PBA upon pyrolysis, which is proved highly beneficial for promoting the specific surface area and active sites exposure, leading to remarkable bifunctionality of ORR and OER comparable to the benchmarks of Pt/C and RuO .

Redox-Driven Lithium Perfusion to Fabricate Li@Ni-Foam Composites for High Lithium-Loading 3D Anodes.

As the hostless nature of the conventional Li anodes with planar surfaces inevitably causes volume expansion and parasitic dendrite growth, it is essential to develop a composite electrode structure with improved Li plating/stripping behaviors to mitigate such issues. Herein, a composite Li@NF anode was successfully fabricated through lithium perfusion into the commercial nickel foam (NF) decorated with lithiophilic NiO nanosheets, demonstrating an exceptionally high areal Li loading of 53.2 mg cm with suppressed Li dendrite formation and volume expansion, improved Coulombic efficiency, as well as extended cycling stability in all half, symmetric, and full cell tests.

Carved nanoframes of cobalt-iron bimetal phosphide as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient overall water splitting.

Water electrolysis for hydrogen production has long been regarded as an ideal tactic for renewable energy conversion and storage, but is impeded by the sluggish kinetics of both the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, which are therefore in urgent need for high-performance but low-cost electrocatalysts. Herein, nanoframes of transition metal phosphides (TMPs) with the 3D framework carved open have been demonstrated as highly potent bifunctional catalysts for overall water splitting, reaching the benchmark performance of the Pt/C‖RuO couple, and are much superior to their nanocubic counterparts. This excellent water splitting behavior can be attributed to the enlarged active surface area, less obstructed electrolyte infiltration, promoted charge transfer, and facilitated gas release.

Suppression of microRNA-135b-5p protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in mice during sevoflurane anesthesia.

The study aims to explore the effects of on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries by regulating Janus protein tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway by mediating inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane. A sum of 120 healthy Wistar male mice was assigned into six groups. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular shortening fraction (LVSF) were detected.

Human mesenchymal stem cell homing induced by SKOV3 cells.

Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) homing is the migration of endogenous and exogenous hMSCS to the target organs and the subsequent colonization under the action chemotaxic factors. This is an important process involved in the repair of damaged tissues. However, we know little about the mechanism of hMSC homing.

MicroRNA-183 functions as the tumor suppressor via inhibiting cellular invasion and metastasis by targeting MMP-9 in cervical cancer.

Objective: MicroRNAs have been reported to play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cervical cancer. miR-183 was found to inhibit or promote the invasion and metastasis of multiple solid tumors. However, the roles of miR-183 in cervical cancer are unclear.

Mechanistic Study on Triptorelin Action in Protecting From 5-FU-Induced Ovarian Damage in Rats.

Triptorelin, a kind of GnRH agonist, is widely used in the treatment of hormone-responsive cancers in the clinic. This study aimed to discover the underlying mechanism of triptorelin in protection from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced ovarian damage in Sprague-Dawley rats. In the present study, after using 5-FU to induce ovarian damage in rats, body weight and wet ovaries were weighed, the levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in blood were detected, and the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and NF-κB was determined.

Forkhead factor FOXQ1 promotes TGF-β1 expression and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis, but the coordination and integration mechanisms of these processes are still not fully understood. In this study, we used a cross-species expression profiling strategy of Hela cells to determine an important genetic program transfers. In particular, we have discovered a new transfer function, which is not previously known about transcription factor forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1).

TGF-β1 mediates estrogen receptor-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in some tumor lines.

More and more studies have reported that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involved in the process of cancer development and progression occurs. The EMT also plays an important role in the movement and transfer of the tumors. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) could induce the EMT in some cancer cell types.