Causal association of menstrual reproductive factors on the risk of osteoarthritis: A univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Several observational studies have revealed a potential relationship between menstrual reproductive factors (MRF) and osteoarthritis (OA). However, the precise causal relationship remains elusive. This study performed Mendelian randomization (MR) to provide deeper insights into this relationship.

The impact of widowhood on the quality of life of older adults: the mediating role of intergenerational support from children.

Background: China's transition into an aging society is accelerated by the simultaneous decline in fertility rates and the prolonged life expectancy of older adults. The impact of widowhood, a significant stressor in old age, has emerged as a crucial factor affecting the quality of life among the elderly.

Methods: This study is based on data from the 2018 China Health and Aging Tracking Survey.

Research progress in the preparation, structural characterization, and biological activities of polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine.

Traditional Chinese medicines are tremendous sources of polysaccharides, which are of great interest in the human welfare system as natural medicines, food, and cosmetics. This review aims to highlight the recent trends in extraction (conventional and non-conventional), purification and analytic techniques of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides (TCMPs), and the chemical structure, biological activities (anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, intestinal flora regulation, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and other activities), and the underlying mechanisms of polysaccharides extracted from 76 diverse traditional Chinese medicines were compared and discussed. With this wide coverage, a total of 164 scientific articles were searched from the database including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China Knowledge Network.

Rationally Designed Self-Assembling Nanovaccines Elicit Robust Mucosal and Systemic Immunity against Rhabdovirus.

Viral diseases have constantly caused great threats to global public health, resulting in an urgent need for effective vaccines. However, the current viral vaccines often show low immunogenicity. To counter this, we report a smart strategy of a well-designed modular nanoparticle (LSG-TDH) that recapitulates the dominant antigen SG, low-molecular-weight protamine, and tetralysine-modified H-chain apoferritin (TDH).

Impact of Endoscopic Surgery Versus Robot CAS-R-2 Assisted with Stereotactic Drainage on Prognosis of Basal Ganglia Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of endoscopic surgery (ES) versus robot CAS-R-2 assisted with stereotactic drainage on prognosis of basal ganglia hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients who underwent ES or robot CAS-R-2 assisted with stereotactic drainage for basal ganglia HICH in Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital between June 2017 and May 2022. The outcomes were 6-month mortality and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score.

Research on the correlation between three-dimensional morphology and temperature changes in potato slices during drying.

Drying is an effective method to reduce potato storage loss. However, potatoes have high porosity with high water content. Shrinkage during drying can lead to folding and cracking of the dried product form.

Jiedu Yizhi Formula Improves Cognitive Function by Regulating the Gut Dysbiosis and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of JDYZF in treating AD from the perspective of inflammation and intestinal microflora.

Methods: A total of 24 APP/PS1 mice were randomly divided into four groups: model (n = 6), JDYZF low-dose (n = 6), JDYZF high-dose (n = 6), and positive drug (n = 6), six C57 mice were used as the control group. The body weights and diets of all mice were examined daily.

Dual-Targeting Polymer Nanoparticles Efficiently Deliver DNA Vaccine and Induce Robust Prophylactic Immunity against Spring Viremia of Carp Virus Infection.

Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is highly contagious and lethal to most cyprinid fish, causing serious economic losses to the carp aquaculture industry. Although DNA vaccines can generate long-term humoral and cellular immune responses, which provide protective immunity against SVCV, the major drawback of DNA vaccines is their low immunogenicity in clinical tests. Here, we construct a dual-targeted polymer DNA vaccine delivery platform (MCS-PCHG) by using mannosylated chitosan to encapsulate the poly(d,l-lactide--glycolide)-loaded DNA vaccine containing the heavy-chain C3 region (CH3) of common carp IgM and the antigenic domain (G131c).

TLR2-mediated mucosal immune priming boosts anti-rhabdoviral immunity in early vertebrates.

Most pathogens utilize mucosal surfaces to enter and propagate within the host. As one of the main pathogens of fatal and highly contagious diseases, rhabdoviruses are distributed widely in nature affecting both human and animals. Therefore, local mucosal immune responses, most effectively induced by mucosal vaccines, act as frontline immunity to block the pathogens at its initial replication sites.

Jiedu-Yizhi Formula Improves Cognitive Impairment in an A -Induced Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease by Inhibiting Pyroptosis.

Jiedu-Yizhi formula (JDYZF) is prescribed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and was created by Jixue Ren, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, based on the "marrow deficiency and toxin damage" theory. In our clinic, this formula has been used for the treatment of AD for many years and has achieved good results. However, the mechanism by which JDYZF improves cognitive impairment has not been determined.

LINC00662 Promotes Proliferation and Invasion and Inhibits Apoptosis of Glioma Cells Through miR-483-3p/SOX3 Axis.

LINC00662 plays a prominent role in the carcinogenesis and progression of diverse cancers. However, its biological functions in glioma are still unclear. LINC00662 expression in glioma tissue samples and cell lines was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Three-dimensional morphological changes of potato slices during the drying process.

Hot air drying is a common method for drying potato slices. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) morphological changes incurred during hot air drying of potato slices were investigated. The effect of drying on the thickness and diameter of potato slices was of special interest.

Proteomics and functional study reveal kallikrein-6 enhances communicating hydrocephalus.

Background: Communicating hydrocephalus (CH) is a common neurological disorder caused by a blockage of cerebrospinal fluid. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanism underlying CH development.

Methods: Quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to screen the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between patients with and without CH.

miR-29a-5p Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury- (TBI-) Induced Permeability Disruption via Regulating NLRP3 Pathway.

Objective: Inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome plays a role in reducing the permeability of endothelial cells and improving blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the mechanism controlling NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unclear. This study is aimed at defining the role of miR-29a-5p in NLRP3 inflammasome activation and permeability of endothelial cells under TBI.

Proteomic Analysis Reveals that Di Dang Decoction Protects Against Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke in Rats by Regulating S100a8, S100a9 Col1a1, and Col1a2.

Objective: The present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of Di Dang decoction (DDD) during acute intracerebral hemorrhage (AICH) stroke in Sprague Dawley rats through proteomic analysis.

Methods: A total of 135 healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (n = 27), model (n = 27), DDD low-dose (n = 27), DDD medium-dose (n = 27), and DDD high-dose (n = 27). AICH stroke in rats was induced by injecting autologous blood into the caudate nucleus.

Eggshell crack detection based on the transient impact analysis and cross-correlation method.

To explore the transient impact process for cracked eggshell detection, an equivalent mechanical model was built based on a self-designed automatic excitation device. Through analysis of power spectrum from dynamic force signal, it was found that the impact speed affects only the impaction energy. In contrast, the material of the impact head and the weight of the excitation rod determine the energy and the cut-off frequency of the impaction.

Immersion immunization of common carp with bacterial ghost-based DNA vaccine inducing prophylactic protective immunity against spring viraemia of carp virus.

The interactive applications of immunization route, vaccine type and delivery vectors are emerging as a key area of research within the field of mass immunization in fishery production. In an effort to improve DNA vaccine's immune efficiency in large-scale immunization, a promising bacterial ghost-loaded DNA vaccine was constructed based on Escherichia coli DH5α. In common carp was investigated the immune response to immersion immunization via related indicator analysis, and the challenge test of spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) was carried out.

Neuronal Apoptosis Preventive Potential of Sophocarpine via Suppression of Aβ-Accumulation and Down-Regulation of Inflammatory Response.

In the current study sophocarpine was investigated in vitro for prevention of β-amyloid induced PC12 neuronal cell damage. Exposure to β-amyloid caused a dose-dependent suppression in growth of PC12 cells with maximum reduction at 10 μM. Sophocarpine pre-treatment reversed suppressive effect of β-amyloid (10 μM) on PC12 cell growth in concentration-based manner.

Application of Biomimetic Cell-Derived Nanoparticles with Mannose Modification as a Novel Vaccine Delivery Platform against Teleost Fish Viral Disease.

Although cell membrane-coated nanoparticles are widely used as a promising nanodelivery platform, a few studies reported their application in developing the teleost nanovaccine delivery system. Here, we present a biomimetic vaccine delivery platform by encapsulating chitosan-loaded DNA vaccine with teleost erythrocytes membrane modified by mannose. The developed CS-G@M-M nanovaccine delivery platform shows good biocompatibility in vivo and in vitro.

Catalytic conversion of corncob to furfuryl alcohol in tandem reaction with tin-loaded sulfonated zeolite and NADPH-dependent reductase biocatalyst.

In this study, tin-loaded sulfonated zeolite (Sn-zeolite) catalyst was synthesized for catalysis of raw corncob (75.0 g/L) to 103.0 mM furfural at 52.

Inhibiting c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway in PC12 cells by a polysaccharide (CCP) from Coptis chinensis against Amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity.

In this study, we investigated the protective effect and possible mechanism of a polysaccharide (CCP) from Coptis chinensis against Amyloid-β protein (Aβ)-induced toxicity in PC12 cells. The results showed pretreatment with CCP significantly protected PC12 cells from Aβ induced cell death, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, nuclear fragmentation, mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Furthermore, CCP (100 μg/ml) significantly inhibited Aβ induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, but not influence signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway, and interestingly, the promoting effect of CCP on PC12 cell survival was only blocked by pre-treatment with a SP600125 (JNK inhibitor).

Systematic analysis and identification of unexpected interactions from the neuroprotein drug interactome in hydrocephalus pharmacological intervention.

Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition caused by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid; pharmacological intervention of the disease has been found to elicit a variety of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in central nervous system (CNS) by unexpectedly targeting certain functional neuroproteins. Here, a systematic neuroprotein drug interactome (SNDI) is created for 11 hydrocephalus drugs/metabolites plus 20 control drugs across 518 druggable pockets on the surface of 472 CNS neuroproteins via a large-scale molecular docking approach. Heuristic clustering analysis of the SNDI profile divides the 31 investigated drug ligands into a distinct panel and a background panel; the former consists of two hydrocephalus drugs (Furosemide and Triamterene) and their respective metabolites (Furosemide glucuronide and Hydroxytriamterene) that are inferred to have generally high affinity towards the whole array of neuroprotein pockets.

Enhanced bioreduction synthesis of ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroybutanoate by alkalic salt pretreatment.

In this study, biomass-hydrolysate was used for enhancing the bioreduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE). Firstly, dilute alkalic salt pretreatment was attempted to pretreat bamboo shoot shell (BSS). It was found that enzymatic in situ hydrolysis of 20-50 g/L BSS pretreated with dilute alkalic salts (0.

Epithelial-mesenchymal interconversions and the regulatory function of the ZEB family during the development and progression of ovarian cancer.

This study assessed the role of epithelial-mesenchymal interconversions and the regulatory functions of the ZEB family during the development and progression of ovarian cancer. E-cadherin, vimentin, ZEB1 and ZEB2 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry in a series of ovarian tissues that included normal tissue, benign tumors, borderline tumors, malignant tumors and metastatic lesions. The correlation between E-cadherin and ZEB was analyzed.