Improving Nowcasting of Intense Convective Precipitation by Incorporating Dual-Polarization Radar Variables into Generative Adversarial Networks.

The nowcasting of strong convective precipitation is highly demanded and presents significant challenges, as it offers meteorological services to diverse socio-economic sectors to prevent catastrophic weather events accompanied by strong convective precipitation from causing substantial economic losses and human casualties. With the accumulation of dual-polarization radar data, deep learning models based on data have been widely applied in the nowcasting of precipitation. Deep learning models exhibit certain limitations in the nowcasting approach: The evolutionary method is prone to accumulate errors throughout the iterative process (where multiple autoregressive models generate future motion fields and intensity residuals and then implicitly iterate to yield predictions), and the "regression to average" issue of autoregressive model leads to the "blurring" phenomenon.

Risk assessment of land subsidence based on GIS in the Yongqiao area, Suzhou City, China.

This study focuses on the Yongqiao District in Suzhou City, Anhui Province, China, aiming to analyze the current situation of ground settlement and its influencing factors in the area. The selected risk indices include settlement rate, cumulative settlement amount, groundwater level drop funnel, thickness of loose sediment layer, thickness of soft soil layer, and the number of groundwater extraction layers. Additionally, vulnerability indices such as population density, building density, road traffic, and functional zoning are considered.

Distribution, risk assessment, and quantitative source apportionment of heavy metals in surface sediments from the shelf of the northern South China Sea.

The concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Co, and Ni) from 421 sediment samples from the shelf of the northern margin of the South China Sea (SNSCS) was analyzed. The heavy metal content and calculated potential ecological indicators (E < 40 and RI < 160) indicate that there is low potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in the SNSCS. The mean effects range-median quotient (M-ERM-Q) and hazard quotient (HQ) values of sediment toxicological characteristics indicate that heavy metals are a potential toxicological risk.

Distribution and source determination of rare earth elements in sediment collected from the continental shelf off Hainan Island, China.

Contents of rare earth elements (REEs), major elements, and the total organic carbon (TOC) were determined for 152 surface sediment samples collected from the continental shelf off Hainan Island (CSHI). From high to low, the average contents of REEs were as follows: Ce > La > Nd > Pr > Sm > Gd > Dy > Er > Yb > Eu > Ho > Tb > Tm > Tm. The LREEs in the south are more abundant than in the north, which is shown by the higher LREE/HREE values in south than in the north.

The concentration distribution and biohazard assessment of heavy metal elements in surface sediments from the continental shelf of Hainan Island.

The level of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) and AlO were quantified in 140 surface sediment samples from the continental shelf of Hainan Island (CSHI). The mean heavy metal concentration in the decreasing order was: Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co. Although heavy metals were locally enriched in the CSHI, the overall pollution level was relatively low.

Two new karlotoxins found in Karlodinium veneficum (strain GM2) from the East China Sea.

The dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum is a harmful algal bloom species with a worldwide distribution. This small athecate dinoflagellate makes a family of polyketide toxins that are hemolytic, cytotoxic and ichthyotoxic. The first chemical structure for karlotoxins from East China Sea (ECS) is reported here.