Surgery induces neurocognitive disorder via neuroinflammation and glymphatic dysfunction in middle-aged mice with brain lymphatic drainage impairment.

Background: Brain lymphatic drainage impairment is a prevalent characteristic in both aging and neurodegeneration. Surgery is more likely to induce excessive neuroinflammation and postoperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) among patients with aging and neurodegeneration. We hypothesized that surgical trauma may aggravate PND through preexisting cerebral lymphatic drainage impairment.

Tacrolimus and Diabetes in Kidney Transplantation: The Impact of Cyp3a5 Gene Polymorphism.

Background: To explore the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP3A4 rs2740574 and CYP3A5 rs776746 and post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in Chinese renal allograft recipients treated with tacrolimus.

Methods: A total of 244 patients treated with tacrolimus were included in this study, wherein DNA sequencing was detected through fluorescence in situ hybridization, and SNP genotyping was performed.

Results: Among the 244 patients, 44 (18%) developed PTDM.

HMGB1 is increased in patients with immune thrombocytopenia and negatively associates with Tregs.

Introduction: Refractory or recurrent immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients suffer from the dual threat of high mortality and drug toxicity in addition to a very poor quality of life. Previous studies have shown that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can promote the development of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other autoimmune diseases. However, there is still a lack of research on the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of ITP and whether it can be used as a predictor of efficacy and prognosis.

[Effects of HMGB1 on Proliferation and Secretion of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of high mobility group protein 1(HMGB1) on the proliferation and cytokine expression of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).

Methods: Different concentrations of recombinant human HMGB1 protein (100, 200, 400, 800 and 1000 ng/ml) were incubated with MSC for 24, 48, 72 h and the proliferation of MSC were detected respectively by using the CCK-8 method and flow cytometry. The best concentrations of HMGB1 incubated with MSC was determined (200 ng/ml, 1000 ng/ml), and the flow cytomerty was used to determine the effect of HMGB1 on the proliferation of MSC.

The risk factor analysis and treatment experience in pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia after kidney transplantation.

Background: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic infection among solid organ transplantation. The occurrence of PJP is dangerous and fatal if there is no early identification and sufficient treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and provide appropriate strategies of prophylaxis and treatment for PJP after kidney transplantation in our centre.

Sevoflurane increases intracellular calcium to induce mitochondrial injury and neuroapoptosis.

Sevoflurane is commonly used in clinical anesthesia. However, some reports indicated that Sevoflurane could induce mitochondrial injury and neuroapoptosis. Although the mechanism remains unclear, evidence points to the increase of intracellular calcium after administration of Sevoflurane.

Mesenchymal stem cells improve platelet counts in mice with immune thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common autoimmune bleeding disorder. The breakdown of immune tolerance (regulatory T [Treg] cells and suppressor cytokines) plays an important role in ITP pathophysiology, especially in refractory ITP. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) show immunomodulatory properties and have been extensively utilized for autoimmune diseases.

[Expression of HMGB1 in Spleen of Adult Patients with Chronic and Refractory Immune Thrombocytopenia and Its Significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) in spleen of adult patients with chronic and refractory immune thrombocytopenia(ITP).

Methods: Twenty chronic and refactory ITP patients received splenectomy were enrolled in ITP group and 20 cases of traumatic spleen rupture were enrolled in control group. The splenectomy efficacy in ITP patients was analyzed retrospectively.

[Role of Treg Cells in Pathogensis of Mouse ITP].

Objective: To explore the role of Treg cells in the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Methods: The ITP mouse model was established, the Treg cell ratio in peripheral blood and spleen was detected by flow cytometry, the CD4+ CD25+ T cells were sorted by immunomagnetic beads, the Treg cell associated transcription factors (Foxp3, Smad7, STAT5 and Akt-1) and cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β) in CD4+ CD25+ T cells were enriched from spleen mononuclear cells, and the mRNA expression of Treg cell was measured by real-time PCR.

Results: The ratio of Tregs in peripheral blood and spleen decreased significantly in ITP mouse, as compared with the controls (P<0.

Marked protection by selective cerebral profound hypothermia after complete cerebral ischemia in primates.

Hypothermia has been demonstrated to protect the brain from ischemia or traumatic brain injury. Achieving profound hypothermia has relied on techniques requiring total body cooling, which may result in serious cardiovascular and pulmonary complications. A technique to selectively cool the brain could conceivably exert a marked protection on cerebral structures and provide a relatively bloodless operative surgical field without systemic complications.