Theoretical solution research on air curtain thermal insulation technology at tunnel portal in cold area.

In order to ensure that no freezing damage occurs during the service period of the tunnels in the cold areas, the tunnel temperature field model test bench is built according to the similarity principle to study the change rule of the temperature inside the tunnels in the cold season, and a new type of active thermal insulation technology is proposed - air curtain thermal insulation technology at the tunnel portal. Using the principle of superposition of stream function and heat balance, the control equation of air curtain thermal insulation technology is derived, using the principle of superposition and Bessel differential equation to derive the theoretical solution of the radial temperature of the surrounding rock at the tunnel portal section in the cold area under the air curtain action, and finally the feasibility of the insulation technology is verified by taking the Zhengpantai Tunnel as an example. The conclusions of the study show that: the outside ambient temperature and the surrounding rock temperature are the main factors affecting the temperature field of the tunnels in the cold areas; The finite element calculation result shows that the air curtain insulation technology can effectively prevent tunnel freezing damage; there is little difference between the theoretical solution of tunnel radial temperature and the finite element calculation result, and the theoretical solution can provide a theoretical basis for the future practice of the project; the property of the air curtain jet is analyzed, and the air curtain thermal insulation technology can be summarized as heating is primary and air isolation is secondary.

Effects of delineation signs on driving behavior in expressway tunnel curves.

Objective: Driving on curved roads presents higher traffic safety risks compared to straight sections. However, existing research has primarily focused on open road curves, with limited studies addressing safety measures for tunnel curves. This study aims to evaluate the effects of curve delineation signs-such as chevrons, horizontal arrow signs (HASs), and retro-reflective arches (RAs)-on driver behavior at tunnel curves.

Nanowire-Activated Formation of Coaxial Core-Shell Nanostructure Encapsulated by Carbon Nanotube.

Molecular dynamics simulations have unveiled the atomic-scale mechanisms underlying the formation of core-shell nanostructures involving nanowires (NWs) and graphene. Our study identifies two pivotal steps in this process: the self-scrolling of graphene around NWs and the subsequent edge connection to form carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The tendency of graphene to scroll is governed by the complex interplay of van der Waals forces.

Differential effects of exogenous VOCs on the growth and stress responses of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings under low phosphorus.

This study investigates how exogenous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) influence the root responses of Cunninghamia lanceolata under nutrient limitations. Specifically, we assessed the differential effects of syringic acid and 1-butene on root morphology, phosphorus acquisition, and stress resilience. Clonal Chinese fir seedlings were utilized to test the effects of treatment with these two exogenous VOCs under both phosphorus supply (1.

Palliative management for malignant biliary obstruction and gastric outlet obstruction from pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is among the leading causes of gastrointestinal cancer-related death, with a dismal prognosis. Over 80% of pancreatic cancer patients present with advanced disease, making curative resection unfeasible. These patients are often presented with malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) and gastric outlet obstruction (GOO).

Functionalized Thorium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Photocatalytic Oxidation of 1, 5-Dihydroxynaphthalene.

It is still a challenging task to rationally design metal-organic framework (MOF) crystal catalysts with excellent light absorption and charge transfer for efficient photocatalytic reactions. In this work, the hexanuclear thorium clusters, porphyrin derivative ligands, and linear carboxylic acid ligands were assemed into Th-based metal-organic frameworks (Th-TCPP, Th-Co-TCPP, and Th-Ni-TCPP) by the mixed ligand method. The three prepared MOF crystals were applied in the photocatalytic oxidation of 1, 5-dihydroxynaphthalene (1, 5-DHN) for the synthesis of juglone.

Genetic Insights Into Lipid Traits and Lipid-Modifying Drug Targets in Pregnancy Complications: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Dyslipidemia is linked to pregnancy complications, but its causal role remains uncertain. This two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study investigated the causal relationship between lipid traits and pregnancy complications and evaluated the impact of lipid-modifying drug targets.

Methods: Genetic instruments for lipid traits and targets for lipid-modifying drugs were obtained from the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium.

Reference composite features database construction method based on track segmentation for gravity matching aided navigation.

The reference database or maps is the most important foundation of the gravity matching aided navigation system, which can directly affect the navigation performance of the system and determine the level of matching positioning accuracy. The matching algorithm is usually designed according to the form of database, and its principle is closely related to the structure of database. In this paper, a reference composite features database construction method based on track segmentation (TS-RFD) is proposed.

Exploring the biological mechanism and clinical value of perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an extremely aggressive malignancy, with a 5-year survival rate of only 13 %. Perineural invasion (PNI) is a hallmark pathological feature of PC and is observed in almost all cases. Accordingly, PC ranks highly among solid tumors in terms of PNI incidence.

Gut microbiota, metabolites, and cytokines in relation to the risk of prostate cancer in the Asian population.

Purpose: Studies have shown that gut microbiota is involved in the tumorigenesis and development of prostate cancer. We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of causal associations of gut microbiota, metabolites, and cytokines with prostate cancer in the Asian population.

Patients And Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets were collected from the public databases.

Ailanthone induces triple-negative breast cancer cells death involving the inhibition of OTUB1-mediated ERRα deubiquitylation.

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, and effective therapeutic strategies are needed. Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) is considered a promising target for managing TNBC.

Objectives: Here, we aimed to screen natural products to find downregulator of ERRα and elucidate its mechanism of action.

Dynamic pathophysiological features of early primary blast lung injury: a novel functional incapacity pig model.

Introduction: While there is evidence supporting the use of ultrasound for real-time monitoring of primary blast lung injury (PBLI), uncertainties remain regarding the timely detection of early PBLI and the limited data correlating it with commonly used clinical parameters. Our objective is to develop a functional incapacity model for PBLI that better addresses practical needs and to verify the early diagnostic effectiveness of lung ultrasound in identifying PBLI.

Methods: We selected six healthy male pigs to develop an animal model using a bio-shock tube (BST-I).

Expression of TNF-α, VEGF-A and Microvessel Density in Cerebral Alveolar Echinococcosis and Their Correlation with Perilesional Brain Edema.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an infrequent zoonosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis with a high degree of disability and mortality. Metastatic cerebral alveolar echinococcosis (CAE) is very rare and the lesions could lead to severe perilesional brain edema (PLBE) and subsequent uncontrollable intracranial hypertension. In this study, we sought to determine the expression of edema-associated factors in CAE lesions and their associations with PLBE.

Dynamic proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis reveals key pathways and targets in the early stages of high-altitude traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly at high altitudes (HA-TBI), is a leading cause of mortality and disability, yet clear diagnostic and treatment protocols are lacking. This study explores the early pathophysiological changes occurring within 24 h following HA-TBI, with a focus on differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and phosphorylated proteins (DEPPs). Using a low-pressure hypoxic chamber to simulate high-altitude conditions combined with a controllable cortical impact (CCI) model, we established a rat model of HA-TBI.

Toward Sustainable Polydienes.

The sustainable management of polydiene waste represents a formidable challenge in the realm of polymer chemistry, given the extensive industrial utilization of polydienes due to their superior elastomeric properties. This comprehensive Perspective addresses the multifaceted obstacles hindering efficient recycling of polydienes, encompassing environmental concerns, technical limitations, and economic disincentives. We systematically dissect the influence of polydienes' chemical structures on their recyclability, tracing the evolution of polydiene utilization and disposal practices while assessing the current landscape of waste management strategies.

NIR-II photo-accelerated polymer nanoparticles boost tumor immunotherapy via PD-L1 silencing and immunogenic cell death.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy is a widely favored anti-tumor treatment, but it shows limited response to non-immunogenic "cold" tumors and suffers from drug resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a powerful localized treatment approach, can convert a "cold tumor" into a "hot tumor" by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells, thereby enhancing tumor immunogenicity and promoting tumor immunotherapy. However, the effectiveness of PDT is largely hindered by the limited penetration depth into tumor tissues.

Adrenomedullin 2 attenuates anxiety-like behaviors by increasing IGF-II in amygdala and re-establishing blood-brain barrier.

Anxiety disorder, a prevalent mental health issue, is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is implicated in anxiety, but its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we show that adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2), a novel angiogenic growth factor, alleviates autistic and anxiety-like behaviors in mice.

Egln3 expression in microglia enhances the neuroinflammatory responses in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive and behavioral abnormalities, is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide. Neuroinflammation, which is induced by microglial activation, resulting in the expression of a multitude of inflammatory factors, is one of the principal characteristics of AD. Herein, we found that Egln3 is differentially expressed in microglia in the brains of AD mice.

Study on the Chemical Composition and Anti-Tumor Mechanisms of Fruit By-Products: Based on LC-MS, Network Pharmacology Analysis, and Protein Target Validation.

(Lour.) Skeels, commonly known as Wampee, are valued for their edible and medicinal qualities, yet their pericarp and seeds are often discarded, resulting in wasted resources. This study investigates the anti-tumor potential of these by-products, focusing on their chemical composition and underlying mechanisms of action.

A spiro-type self-assembled hole transporting monolayer for highly efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells and modules.

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have significantly contributed to the advancement of hole transporting materials (HTMs) for inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, uneven distribution of SAMs on the substrate largely decreases the PSC performance, especially for large-scale devices. Herein, the first spiro-type SAM, termed 4PA-spiro, with an orthogonal spiro[acridine-9,9'-fluorene] as the skeleton and phosphonic acid as the anchoring group were proposed.

Atmospheric turbulence-distorted OAM mode recognition via multi-scale dilated convolution with multi-level feature fusion.

Vortex beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) significantly enhance system capacity, and high-precision recognition of OAM mode through atmospheric turbulence (AT) channels can markedly improve the information transmission capability of free-space optical communication systems. In this paper, with a cylindrical lens-assisted distinguish between positive and negative OAM, a reliable neural network combining multi-scale dilated convolution (MSDC) unit and multi-level feature fusion (MLFF) module is proposed to detect high order AT-distorted OAM modes. The network fully exploits the features in light-intensity images to achieve a highest recognition accuracy of 99.

Design and inversion study of a 1.6 µm high resolution non-modulated laser heterodyne radiometer (NM-LHR).

Laser heterodyne detection boasts exceptional advantages such as high spectral resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It excels at capturing spectral line broadening information of upper atmospheric molecules, which presents substantial research value in the realms of greenhouse gas profile measurement and the assessment of laser propagation effects in the atmosphere. This paper delves into the investigation of the processing method for heterodyne signals, adopting a non-modulated signal processing method to construct a near-infrared non-modulated laser heterodyne radiometer.