Chromatin profiling reveals TFAP4 as a critical transcriptional regulator of bovine satellite cell differentiation.

Background: Satellite cells are myogenic precursor cells in adult skeletal muscle and play a crucial role in skeletal muscle regeneration, maintenance, and growth. Like embryonic myoblasts, satellite cells have the ability to proliferate, differentiate, and fuse to form multinucleated myofibers. In this study, we aimed to identify additional transcription factors that control gene expression during bovine satellite cell proliferation and differentiation.

Differences in ecological resilience of radial growth between and after drought.

To understand the responses of radial growth to climatic factors and the differences in ecological resilience to drought between a heliophilous species and a shade species in mixed forests, we developed the tree-ring width chronologies of and in three mixed forests based on the samples collected from Toudaogou of Saihanba in Hebei, Ningwu County and Kelan County in Shanxi Province. We analyzed the correlation between climatic factors and various chronologies and examined the differences in resistance (), recovery (), and resilience () of and in response to drought stress. The results showed that the radial growth of and was negatively correlated with the mean and maximum air temperature from May to July in three mixed forests, and was positively correlated with the Palmer drought index (PDSI) from May to September.

RNA-Sequencing Reveals Upregulation and a Beneficial Role of Autophagy in Myoblast Differentiation and Fusion.

Myoblast differentiation is a complex process whereby the mononuclear muscle precursor cells myoblasts express skeletal-muscle-specific genes and fuse with each other to form multinucleated myotubes. The objective of this study was to identify potentially novel mechanisms that mediate myoblast differentiation. We first compared transcriptomes in C2C12 myoblasts before and 6 days after induction of myogenic differentiation by RNA-seq.

Genome-wide identification of enhancers and transcription factors regulating the myogenic differentiation of bovine satellite cells.

Background: Satellite cells are the myogenic precursor cells in adult skeletal muscle. The objective of this study was to identify enhancers and transcription factors that regulate gene expression during the differentiation of bovine satellite cells into myotubes.

Results: Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) was performed to identify genomic regions where lysine 27 of H3 histone is acetylated (H3K27ac), i.

Single-cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity of Cultured Bovine Satellite Cells.

Skeletal muscle from meat-producing livestock such as cattle is a major source of food for humans. To improve skeletal muscle growth efficiency or quality in cattle, it is necessary to understand the genetic and physiological mechanisms that govern skeletal muscle composition, development, and growth. Satellite cells are the myogenic progenitor cells in postnatal skeletal muscle.

Generation of an enteric smooth muscle cell line from the pig ileum.

Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play an important role in physiology and production in farm animals such as pigs. Here, we report the generation of a pig SMC line. Our original objective was to establish an enteroendocrine cell line from the pig ileum epithelium through lentiviral transduction of the Simian Virus (SV) 40 large T antigen.

Identification of Quorum Sensing Signal Molecule of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus.

Many bacteria in nature use quorum sensing (QS) to regulate gene expression. The quorum sensing system plays critical roles in the adaptation of bacteria to the surrounding environment. Previous studies have shown that during high-density fermentation, the autolysis of lactic acid bacteria was regulated by the QS system, and the two-component system (TCS, LBUL_RS00115/LBUL_RS00110) is involved in the autolysis of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.

Contributory roles of two l-lactate dehydrogenases for l-lactic acid production in thermotolerant Bacillus coagulans.

Thermotolerant Bacillus coagulans is considered to be a more promising producer for bio-chemicals, due to its capacity to withstand harsh conditions. Two L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) encoding genes (ldhL1 and ldhL2) and one D-LDH encoding gene (ldhD) were annotated from the B. coagulans DSM1 genome.