Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) Coupled With Zero-Dimensional Nanomaterials (0D NMs) for Advanced Photodetection.

The integration of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with other materials presents a promising approach to overcome inherent limitations and enable the development of novel functionalities. In particular, 0D nanomaterials (0D NMs) offer notable advantages for photodetection, including broadband light absorption, size-dependent optoelectronic properties, high quantum efficiency, and good compatibility. Herein, the integration of 0D NMs with 2D TMDs to develop high-performance photodetectors is reviewed.

Boosting Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Growth by Hydrogen-Free Ramping during Chemical Vapor Deposition.

The controlled vapor-phase synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is essential for functional applications. While chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques have been successful for transition metal sulfides, extending these methods to selenides and tellurides often faces challenges due to uncertain roles of hydrogen (H) in their synthesis. Using CVD growth of MoSe as an example, this study illustrates the role of a H-free environment during temperature ramping in suppressing the reduction of MoO, which promotes effective vaporization and selenization of the Mo precursor to form MoSe monolayers with excellent crystal quality.

Rational Design of Phase-Engineered WS/WSe Heterostructures by Low-Temperature Plasma-Assisted Sulfurization and Selenization toward Enhanced HER Performance.

Efficient hydrogen generation from water splitting underpins chemistry to realize hydrogen economy. The electrocatalytic activity can be effectively modified by two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures, which offer great flexibility. Furthermore, they are useful in enhancing the exposure of the active sites for the hydrogen evolution reaction.

Rational design of comb-like 1D-1D ZnO-ZnSe heterostructures toward their excellent performance in flexible photodetectors.

One-dimensional (1D) Zn-based heterostructures have attracted considerable interest in the field of photodetection because of their tunable properties, flexibility, and unique optoelectronic properties. However, designing 1D multi-component Zn-based heterostructures for advanced photodetectors is still a great challenge. Herein, comb-like 1D-1D ZnO-ZnSe heterostructures with ZnO and ZnSe nanowires (NWs) comprising the shaft and teeth of a comb are reported.

Improvement of Mechanical Stability for Single Unit Recording Based on Skull Cap in Living Chinchilla.

Three-point head fixation was constructed to provide mechanical stability for single unit recording (SUR) on vestibular sensory system in living chinchilla previously. However, it is no more qualified to this work when the stimulation intensity becomes large because of frequent unit losing and neuron damage, which strongly implies that the mechanical stability has been broken during the stimulation. Here, we constructed a novel head fixation (skull cap assistant head fixation) provided by skull cap on the basis of three-point head fixation in order to improve the mechanical stability for SUR under the stimulation with large magnitude.

P-side-up thin-film AlGaInP-based light emitting diodes with direct ohmic contact of an ITO layer with a GaP window layer.

A twice wafer-transfer technique can be used to fabricate high-brightness p-side-up thin-film AlGaInP-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with an indium-tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive layer directly deposited on a GaP window layer, without using postannealing. The ITO layer can be used to improve light extraction, which enhances light output power. The p-side-up thin-film AlGaInP LED with an ITO layer exhibited excellent performance stability (e.

The mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator CDPPB inhibits SO₂-induced protein radical formation and mitochondrial dysfunction through activation of Akt in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells.

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common gas pollutant that is detrimental to many organs. Previous studies have shown that SO2 exposure is involved in neurotoxicity and increased risk of many brain disorders; however, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying SO2-induced cytotoxicity on neuronal cells remains elusive. The group I metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) can modulate addiction, pain, and neuronal cell death.

Allicin protects spinal cord neurons from glutamate-induced oxidative stress through regulating the heat shock protein 70/inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway.

Allicin, the main biologically active compound derived from garlic, exerts a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities and is considered to have therapeutic potential in many neurological disorders. Using an in vitro spinal cord injury model induced by glutamate treatment, we sought to investigate the neuroprotective effects of allicin in primary cultured spinal cord neurons. We found that allicin treatment significantly attenuated glutamate-induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, loss of cell viability and apoptotic neuronal death.

Small-molecule inhibitors at the PSD-95/nNOS interface attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal injury through Sirt3 mediated inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction.

Post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) links neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) with the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor in the central nervous system, and this molecular complex has been implicated in regulating neuronal excitability in several neurological disorders. Here, small-molecule inhibitors of the PSD-95/nNOS interaction, IC87201 and ZL006 were tested for neuroprotective effects in an in vitro Parkinson's disease (PD) model. We now report that IC87201 and ZL006 reduced MPP(+)-induced neuronal injury and apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner in cultured cortical neurons.

[Treatment of unstable lumbar intervertebral disc herniation by modified lamina osteotomy replantation].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of the modified lamina replantation for the treatment of unstable lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.

Methods: From March 2009 to August 2011,63 patients with unstable lumbar intervertebral disc herniation were treated by discectomy, interbody fusion, pedicle screw fixation, and modified lamina replantation. There were 33 males and 30 females with an average age of 48.

Some insights into the binding mechanism of Aurora B kinase gained by molecular dynamics simulation.

Aurora B kinase is essential in the process of mitosis, and its overexpression has been reported to be associated with a number of solid tumors. We therefore carried out molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann/surface area (MM-PBSA) calculations on several structurally diverse inhibitors (pentacyclic, pyrimidine, quinazoline, and pyrrolopyridine derivatives) and Aurora B kinase to explore the structural and chemical features responsible for the binding recognition mechanism. Molecular simulations reveal that the binding site mainly consists of six binding regions (sites A-F).

[Drug delivery of CPC/amifostine/cisplatin complex in vitro and its ability in repairing bone defect and eliminating tumor in vivo].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using calcium phosphate cement/amifostine/cisplatin complex to fill and repair bone defect, caused by tumor resection.

Methods: Drug concentration in the CPC/ amifostine/cisplatin complex was determined. Rabbits with bone defect and rats with osteosarcoma were implanted with CPC and CPC/amifostine/cisplatin complex.

[Physicochemical and sustained drug release properties of calcium phosphate cement/amifostine/cisplatin complex and its effect in repairing bone defect due to tumor resection in rabbits].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using calcium phosphate cement/amifostine complex as an new filling material for repairing bone defect caused by tumor resection.

Methods: Calcium phosphate cement (CPC)/cisplatin/amifostine complex was prepared at the mass ratio of 1000:2:5. The setting time, mechanical strength, and porosity of the complex were determined, and scanning electron microscopy and assessment of sustained drug release and inhibitory effect against osteosarcoma cells were carried out.