Effects of aeration modes and rates on nitrogen conversion and bacterial community in composting of dehydrated sludge and corn straw.

Aeration is an important factor to regulate composting efficiency and nitrogen loss. This study is aimed to compare the effects of different aeration modes (continuous and intermittent) and aeration rate on nitrogen conversion and bacterial community in composting from dehydrated sludge and corn straw. Results showed that the intermittent aeration mode at same aeration volume was superior to the continuous aeration mode in terms of NH emission reduction, nitrogen conversion and germination index (GI) improvement.

Isobaric Stable Isotope N-Phosphorylation Labeling (iSIPL) for Ultrasensitive Proteome Quantification.

Stable isotope chemical labeling methods have been widely used for high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomics in biological and clinical applications. However, the existing methods are far from meeting the requirements for high sensitivity detection. In the present study, a novel isobaric stable isotope N-phosphorylation labeling (iSIPL) strategy was developed for quantitative proteome analysis.

gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from an anaerobic fermentation cellar of Chinese strong-flavour .

A Gram-stain-negative, coccus-shaped, obligately anaerobic, non-motile and non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain JN500902, was isolated from the mud in a fermentation cellar used continuously over 30 years for Chinese strong-flavour production. Colonies were white, circular, convex and smooth-edged. Growth was observed at 20-40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 5.

Zooming in on Butyrate-Producing Clostridial Consortia in the Fermented Grains of Gene Sequence-Guided Microbial Isolation.

Butyrate, one of the key aroma compounds in Luzhou-flavor , is synthesized through two alternative pathways: butyrate kinase () and butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase (). A lack of knowledge of butyrate-producing microorganisms hinders our ability to understand the flavor formation mechanism of . Here, temporal dynamics of microbial metabolic profiling in fermented grains (FG) was explored PICRUSt based on 16S rRNA gene sequences.

microRNA-126 inhibits tube formation of HUVECs by interacting with EGFL7 and down-regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

It's critical for tube formation and angiogenesis to repair ischemic myocardium or stroke. This study aimed to investigate role of microRNA-126 (miR-126) in tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and associated mechanisms. Primary neural stem cells (NSCs) and HUVECs were cultured and transfected with microRNA-126 mimics and miR-126 inhibitor.

Profiling the Clostridia with butyrate-producing potential in the mud of Chinese liquor fermentation cellar.

Butyrate and its derivates pertain to the key aroma contributors of strong-flavour baijiu, a kind of Chinese liquors, that is produced from grains by solid-state multispecies anaerobic fermentation in a mud cellar. Microbes inhabiting in the fermentation pit mud largely determines baijiu's flavour and quality. In order to shed light on the microbial functional groups driving butyrate production in pit mud, clone library analysis was firstly performed and the results demonstrated that Clostridia (relative abundance: 50%) and Bacilli (37%) were major groups possessing butyrate kinase (buk) pathway and Clostridia (98%) dominated butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase (but) pathway.

Clostridium fermenticellae sp. nov., isolated from the mud in a fermentation cellar for the production of the Chinese liquor, baijiu.

A novel Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, obligately anaerobic, non-motile, spore-forming and binary fission encapsulated bacterium, designated strain JN500901, was isolated from a mud cellar which has been continuously used for the fermentation of Chinese strong-flavour baijiu for over 100 years. Growth of JN500901occurred at pH 4.5-8.

In-vitro inhibitory effect of EGFL7-RNAi on endothelial angiogenesis in glioma.

Objective: To investigate the role and mechanism of epidermal growth factor like domain 7 (EGFL7) in glioma angiogenesis by cell co-culture and RNA interference.

Methods: NSCs-HUVECs co-culture system was established using Transwell culturing techniques. The interactions between glioma and endothelial cells were simulated in-vitro.

Tracing the nitrogen metabolites of glycine using (15)N-glycine and mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Glycine is the smallest amino acid used in protein synthesis, but it is also a very important precursor for the biosynthesis of other nitrogen-containing metabolites, such as purine nucleosides and nucleotides for synthesis of RNA, DNA etc. Abnormalities in glycine metabolism therefore cause diseases such as cancer. A quick and unambiguous method to trace the metabolites arising from glycine is required for targeting defect points within metabolic networks.

Microstructure analysis of a CO2 copolymer from styrene oxide at the diad level.

A large amount of interesting information on the alternating copolymerization of CO2 with terminal epoxides has already been reported, such as the regiochemistry of epoxide ring-opening and the stereochemistry of the carbonate unit sequence in the polymer chain. Moreover, the microstructures of CO2 copolymers from propylene oxide and cyclohexene oxide have also been well-studied. However, the microstructure of the CO2 copolymer from styrene oxide (SO), an epoxide that contains an electron-withdrawing group, has not yet been investigated.

(S)-Benzyl 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy-phen-yl)propanoate.

The title compound, C(16)H(17)NO(3), adopts a folded conformation in the crystal structure. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. The absolute configuration was assigned assuming that the absolute configuration of the starting material l-tyrosine was retained during the synthesis.

Negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of nucleoside phosphoramidate monoesters: elucidation of novel rearrangement mechanisms by multistage mass spectrometry incorporating in-source deuterium labelling.

Several O-2',3'-isopropylideneuridine-O-5'-phosphoramidate monoesters were synthesized and analyzed by negative ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS(n)). Two kinds of novel rearrangement reactions were observed due to the difference in the amino acid in the nucleoside phosphoramidate monoesters, and possible mechanisms were proposed. One involves a five-membered cyclic transition state.

Benzyl 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl carbonate.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(12)H(11)NO(5), contains two independent mol-ecules with similar geometric parameters but different orientations of the phenyl rings. The mol-ecular packing is stabilized by weak nonclassical C-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.

Application of (31P) NMR in analyzing the degradation efficiency of organic phosphorus degrading-bacteria.

HPLC and HPLC-MS are the fastest and most accurate techniques for analysis of organic phosphorus pesticide (OPP) at the present time. Using these techniques, 14 strains of methamidopho (MAP) degrading-bacteria from the area contaminated with MAP have been identified. The results from HPLC and HPLC-MS analyses showed that the highest degradation rate was 73% after 7 days.

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry study on dipeptide 4-chlorobutyl ester produced from refluxing of amino acid with phosphoryl chloride in tetrahydrofuran.

Phosphoryl chloride was able to promote the formation of peptide and the ringopening of tetrahydrofuran (THF) followed by a sequence of successive reactions by simply refluxing. ESI multistage tandem mass spectrometry was applied to trace the reaction and elucidate the product structures, dipeptide 4-chlorobutyl ester.

Electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry investigation of polymerization of tetrahydrofuran initiated by phosphorus oxychloride.

Phosphorus oxychloride was found to induce ring opening of tetrahydrofuran (THF) to synthesise THF oligomer incorporated phosphate. ESI multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry was used to study the products and confirm the structures.