Predictors of active and recurrent bleeding in upper gastrointestinal angiodysplasia: Results from 10-year esophagogastroduodenoscopy of a tertiary center in Taiwan.

Upper gastrointestinal angiodysplasia (UGIA) is a unique mucosal vascular lesion that causes acute or recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite the increasing incidence of UGIA, the risk factors for bleeding in this condition remain unclear. We investigated the predictors of active and recurrent bleeding among patients with UGIA.

Characteristics and prognosis of small bowel tumors: A retrospective study.

Background: Small bowel tumors (SBTs) are a heterogeneous group of difficult-to-diagnose tumors that account for 2%-5% of all gastrointestinal tumors. Single-balloon enteroscopy greatly enhances the diagnosis and treatment of SBTs. However, few epidemiological studies have been conducted in Taiwan to determine the clinical profile of SBTs.

Rs1347093 regulates microRNA-216/-217 expression and is associated with pancreatic cancer risk.

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1347093 shows statistically significant association with lung cancer risk, but there is no further rs1347093 expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) effect information. SNP rs1347093 is located in microRNA-216/-217 (miR-216/-217) locus. In addition, miR-216/-217 have pancreas-enriched expressions.

Substrate Charge Transfer Induced Ferromagnetism in MnSe/SrTiO Ultrathin Films.

The observation of superconductivity in MnSe at 12 GPa motivated us to investigate whether superconductivity could be induced in MnSe at ambient conditions. A strain-induced structural change in the ultrathin film could be one route to the emergence of superconductivity. In this report, we present the physical property of MnSe ultrathin films, which become tetragonal (stretched -plane and shortened -axis) on a (001) SrTiO (STO) substrate, prepared by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method.

Bleeding Risk of Cold Versus Hot Snare Polypectomy for Pedunculated Colorectal Polyps Measuring 10 mm or Less: Subgroup Analysis of a Large Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Concerns regarding bleeding remain in cold snare polypectomy (CSP) for small pedunculated (0-Ip) polyps. The aim of this study was to compare the risk of CSP and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) for such lesions.

Methods: Data on 0-Ip colorectal polyps ≤10 mm were extracted from a large, pragmatic, randomized trial.

DNA-encoded chemical libraries yield non-covalent and non-peptidic SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors.

The development of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) inhibitors for the treatment of COVID-19 has mostly benefitted from X-ray structures and preexisting knowledge of inhibitors; however, an efficient method to generate M inhibitors, which circumvents such information would be advantageous. As an alternative approach, we show here that DNA-encoded chemistry technology (DEC-Tec) can be used to discover inhibitors of M. An affinity selection of a 4-billion-membered DNA-encoded chemical library (DECL) using M as bait produces novel non-covalent and non-peptide-based small molecule inhibitors of M with low nanomolar K values.

Association of Hepatitis B and C Virus with the Risk of Coronary Artery Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for approximately 90% of primary liver cancers and hepatitis virus was believed to have the potential for altering the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. However, the influence of the hepatitis virus on coronary artery disease or cerebral vascular disease remains unclear. This study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to clarify the virus-associated risk of coronary artery disease and cerebral vascular disease in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

HIV gp120 impairs nucleus accumbens neuroimmune function and dopamine D3 receptor-mediated inhibition of cocaine seeking in male rats.

Cocaine Use Disorders (CUDs) are associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Cocaine and the HIV envelope protein gp120 each induce distinct deficits to mesocorticolimbic circuit function and motivated behavior; however, little is known regarding how they interact to dysregulate these functions or how such interactions impact pharmacotherapeutic efficacy. We have previously shown that the selective, weak partial agonist of the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R), MC-25-41, attenuates cocaine-seeking behavior in male rats.

Cold Versus Hot Snare Polypectomy for Small Colorectal Polyps : A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Although cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is considered effective in reducing delayed postpolypectomy bleeding risk, direct evidence supporting its safety in the general population remains lacking.

Objective: To clarify whether CSP would reduce delayed bleeding risk after polypectomy compared with hot snare polypectomy (HSP) in the general population.

Design: Multicenter randomized controlled study.

Characterization and structure of the human lysine-2-oxoglutarate reductase domain, a novel therapeutic target for treatment of glutaric aciduria type 1.

In humans, a single enzyme 2-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase (AASS) catalyses the initial two critical reactions in the lysine degradation pathway. This enzyme evolved to be a bifunctional enzyme with both lysine-2-oxoglutarate reductase (LOR) and saccharopine dehydrogenase domains (SDH). Moreover, AASS is a unique drug target for inborn errors of metabolism such as glutaric aciduria type 1 that arise from deficiencies downstream in the lysine degradation pathway.

The Clinical Dilemma of Esophagogastroduodenoscopy for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Cardiovascular Disease Patients: A Nationwide-Based Retrospective Study.

Performing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in recently occurring peri-coronary artery disease (CAD) accident settings is always a dilemma. This study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify patients with CAD and gastrointestinal bleeding who had received EGD or not between 2000 and 2013.The final population included in this study was 15,147 individuals, with 3801 individuals having received EGD (study cohort group) and 11,346 individuals not having received EGD (comparison cohort group).

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Performed by Gastroenterologists: Opportunistic Screening Strategy for Newly Diagnosed Head and Neck Cancers.

Aim: Approximately 66% of head and neck cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. This prospective study aimed to detect newly diagnosed head and neck cancers using regular upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy with oral-pharynx-larynx examination.

Methods: A total of 2,849 patients underwent UGI endoscopy with an additional oral-pharynx-larynx examination.

SPAK Deficiency Attenuates Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis.

Introduction: Ste20-related protein proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) affects cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation, and sodium and chloride transport in the gut. However, its role in gut injury pathogenesis is unclear.

Objective: We determined the role of SPAK in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis using and models.

Enhanced Production of Formic Acid in Electrochemical CO Reduction over Pd-Doped BiOCl Nanosheets.

Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOX, X = F, Cl, Br, I) are emerging energy materials because of their remarkable catalytic activity. The BiOX compounds usually have a tetragonal type crystal structure with unique layered morphology consisting of [X-Bi-O-Bi-X] sheets. Although the BiOX nanosheets exposed with {001} facets perform superior photoactivity, there is lack of understanding about their capability in the electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR).

Dopamine D3 receptor ligand suppresses the expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in nonhuman primate model of parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex multisystem, chronic and so far incurable disease with significant unmet medical needs. The incidence of PD increases with aging and the expected burden will continue to escalate with our aging population. Since its discovery in the 1961 levodopa has remained the gold standard pharmacotherapy for PD.

Accurate diagnosis of endoscopic mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis using deep learning and machine learning.

Background: In clinical applications, mucosal healing is a therapeutic goal in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Endoscopic remission is associated with lower rates of colectomy, relapse, hospitalization, and colorectal cancer. Differentiation of mucosal inflammatory status depends on the experience and subjective judgments of clinical physicians.

Factors Governing Selectivity of Dopamine Receptor Binding Compounds for D2R and D3R Subtypes.

Targeting the D3 dopamine receptor (D3R) is a promising pharmacotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of many disorders. The structure of the D3R is similar to the D2 dopamine receptor (D2R), especially in the transmembrane spanning regions that form the orthosteric binding site, making it difficult to identify D3R selective pharmacotherapeutic agents. Here, we examine the molecular basis for the high affinity D3R binding and D3R vs D2R binding selectivity of substituted phenylpiperazine thiopheneamides.

Relationships Between Vitamin D Status and Cytokine: Results from Interferon-Based Therapy in Non-Cirrhotic, Treatment-Naïve Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection.

Background: Vitamin D contributes to bone health and extra-skeletal effects. The mechanisms underlying vitamin D metabolism have not been extensively evaluated. The relationships between vitamin D and inflammatory cytokines are debated.

Establishing key research questions for the implementation of artificial intelligence in colonoscopy: a modified Delphi method.

BACKGROUND : Artificial intelligence (AI) research in colonoscopy is progressing rapidly but widespread clinical implementation is not yet a reality. We aimed to identify the top implementation research priorities. METHODS : An established modified Delphi approach for research priority setting was used.

The Long-Acting D3 Partial Agonist MC-25-41 Attenuates Motivation for Cocaine in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

The dopamine D3 receptor is a prime target for developing treatments for cocaine use disorders (CUDs). In this study, we conducted a pre-clinical investigation of the therapeutic potential of a long-acting, D3 receptor partial agonist, MC-25-41. Male rats were pre-treated with MC-25-41 (vehicle, 1.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of N-(4-(4-phenyl piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)benzamides as selective dopamine D receptor ligands.

As part of our on-going effort to explore the role of dopamine receptors in drug addiction and identify potential novel therapies for this condition, we have a identified a series of N-(4-(4-phenyl piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)benzamide D ligands. Members of this class are highly selective for D versus D, and we have identified two compounds (13g and 13r) whose rat in vivo IV pharmacokinetic properties that indicate that they are suitable for assessment in in vivo efficacy models of substance use disorders.

Early Initiation of Post-Pyloric Feeding in Patients with Major Burns: Experience in Taiwan Formosa Water Park Dust Explosion Disaster.

Early initiation of enteral nutrition improves clinical outcomes in critical patients with serious burns. Post-pyloric tube feeding is a valuable therapeutic option for severely burned patients with poor gastric emptying. How early post-pyloric feeding can be initiated to provide more benefits to patients has not yet been examined.