Anti-diabetic effect of anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-glucoside: data from insulin resistant hepatocyte and diabetic mouse.

Background: Anthocyanins are a group of natural products widely found in plants. They have been found to alleviate the disorders of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: HepG2 and L02 cells were incubated with 0.

Exploring the Effects of Cyanidin-3--Glucoside on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights into Gut Microbiome Modulation and Potential Antidiabetic Benefits.

Berries and their functional components have been put forward as an alternative to pharmacological treatments of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and more attention has been paid to the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of T2DM. Thus, we tried to examine the metabolic impact of red bayberry-derived cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G) and investigate whether the antidiabetic effects of C3G were associated with the gut microbiome. As a result, C3G administration was found to reduce blood glucose levels of diabetic db/db mice, accompanied by increased levels of glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and insulin.

The burden of fracture in China from 1990 to 2019.

Purpose: Osteoporosis is one of the most common clinical problems among the elderly population. China is one of the countries most threatened by osteoporosis and fragility fracture, because of its large population and aging population trends during recent decades. We aimed to estimate the disease burden of fracture from 1990 to 2019 in China.

Global, regional and national burden of endocrine, metabolic, blood and immune disorders 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

Background: Endocrine, metabolic, blood and immune disorders (EMBID) is a vital public health problem globally, but the study on its burden and global trends was scarce. We aimed to evaluate the global burden of disease and trends in EMBID from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: We extracted the data of EMBID-related on death cases, Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), Age-standardized DALY rates, years of life lost (YLLs), Age-standardized YLL rates, years lived with disability (YLDs) and Age-standardized YLD rates between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, by sex, age, and year at the global and geographical region levels.

Experimental study of unconventional modified filling energy absorption and control mechanism in high energy storage rock masses.

Aiming at the problems that it is difficult to predict rock burst accurately in engineering practice and the implementation parameters of rock burst prevention measures depend on some empirical formulas, in order to study the advantages and disadvantages of different in-situ modification mechanisms deeply, determine the applicable conditions of unusual in-situ modification measures, and provide a theoretical basis for forming adaptive in-situ modification control schemes. Two kinds of modified control methods using the same foundation involve engineering scale and indoor scale. With the help of scale transformation, the whole failure process analysis test of bearing rock samples was carried out.

The Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease in China From 1990 to 2019.

Objective: To analyze the trends in disease burden of diabetes-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) by year, age, gender and types of diabetes in China from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: Data on prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for diabetes-related CKD were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. Analyses were performed by year, age, gender and types of diabetes.

The Global Burden of Osteoporosis, Low Bone Mass, and Its Related Fracture in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019.

Background: Low bone mineral density (LBMD), including osteoporosis and low bone mass, has becoming a serious public health concern. We aimed to estimate the disease burden of LBMD and its related fractures in 204 countries and territories over the past 30 years.

Methods: We collected detailed information and performed a secondary analysis for LBMD and its related fractures from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

A Novel Predictive Model for Adrenocortical Carcinoma Based on Hypoxia- and Ferroptosis-Related Gene Expression.

Background: The impact of hypoxia on ferroptosis is important in cancer proliferation, but no predictive model combining hypoxia and ferroptosis for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has been reported. The purpose of this study was to construct a predictive model based on hypoxia- and ferroptosis-related gene expression in ACC.

Methods: We assessed hypoxia- and ferroptosis-related gene expression using data from 79 patients with ACC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Age, Gender and Geographic Differences in Global Health Burden of Cirrhosis and Liver Cancer due to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Recently, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a major contributor to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Therefore, the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 was used to comprehensively analyze the global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis and liver cancer due to NASH between 1990 and 2017. Data for cirrhosis and liver cancer due to NASH were extracted from the GBD study 2017.

Global burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to dietary risks in 1990-2019.

Background: Dietary risks have raised attention worldwide during recent decades. The present burden-of-disease study aimed to evaluate the global dietary risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 1990 to 2019 and quantify their impact on mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study on deaths and DALYs from NCDs attributable to worldwide dietary risks were obtained and underwent deep analysis by year, age, gender, location, leading risks and leading causes, and their associations were examined.

Population genomic, climatic and anthropogenic evidence suggest the role of human forces in endangerment of green peafowl ().

Both anthropogenic impacts and historical climate change could contribute to population decline and species extinction, but their relative importance is still unclear. Emerging approaches based on genomic, climatic and anthropogenic data provide a promising analytical framework to address this question. This study applied such an integrative approach to examine potential drivers for the endangerment of the green peafowl ().

Global burden and gender disparity of vision loss associated with diabetes retinopathy.

Purpose: To assess the trend patterns and gender disparity in global burden of vision loss due to diabetic retinopathy (DR) by year, age, region and socioeconomic status using prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs) from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2017.

Methods: Prevalence and YLDs data of vision loss attributable to DR were extracted from GBD Study 2017 in 195 countries and territories. Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 2017 was cited as indicators of socioeconomic status.

Global, regional, and national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from 1990 to 2025.

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality and reduced life expectancy. We aim to estimate the burden of diabetes by type, year, regions, and socioeconomic status in 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years, which provide information to achieve the goal of World Health Organization Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases in 2025. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Global burden of noncommunicable disease attributable to high body mass index in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017.

Purpose: The increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) represents both a threat and an opportunity for intervention. Estimates of the global latest trend of high BMI-related NCDs and its association with socioeconomic status can facilitate strategic intervention and inform further research.

Methods: This global burden of disease study extracted global, regional, and national data on death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high BMI-related NCDs from the GBD Study 2017.

Ongoing green peafowl protection in China.

The green peafowl () is one of the most threatened pheasants in the world. In China, it is widely appreciated for its beauty as well as historical and cultural value, but current populations number less than 500 individuals. Recently, Tang and colleagues reported in that the green peafowl is likely to become extinct due to the construction of the Jiasajiang Level 1 Hydropower Station within the Red River Upstream District (RRUD) and thus called for a stop to this project (Tang et al.

Regulation of Vascular Calcification by Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Its Agonists.

Rationale: Vascular calcification (VC) is a marker of the severity of atherosclerotic disease. Hormones play important roles in regulating calcification; estrogen and parathyroid hormones exert opposing effects, the former alleviating VC and the latter exacerbating it. To date no treatment strategies have been developed to regulate clinical VC.

Carotid atherosclerosis and its relationship to coronary heart disease and stroke risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) and carotid plaque (CP) are highly correlated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CA and CP and their relationship with 10-year risks of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).We studied 1584 T2DM patients aged 20 years and older.

Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease Is an Independent Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Risks in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China.

We aimed to determine the relationship between lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD), 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke risks in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) using the UKPDS risk engine. We enrolled 1178 hospitalized T2DM patients. The patients were divided into a lower extremity PAD group (ankle-brachial index ≤ 0.

MicroRNAs and Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes Mellitus.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major macrovascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Recently, although CVD morbidity and mortality have decreased as a result of comprehensive control of CVD risk factors, CVD remains the leading cause of death of patients with diabetes in many countries, indicating the potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. MicroRNAs are a class of noncoding, single-stranded RNA molecules that are involved in -cell function, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue and which play an important role in glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.