How many planes are required to get an accurate and timesaving measurement of left ventricular volume and function by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in acute myocardial infarction?

To derive the optimal cutting planes of real-time 3-D echocardiography (RT-3DE) for measuring left ventricular volume and ejection fraction (EF) in the presence of left ventricular regional wall motion abnormalities, 14 open-chest dogs were studied with RT-3DE full volume imaging and 2-D echocardiography (2DE) after left anterior descending coronary arteries were occluded for 90 min. Left ventricular end diastolic volume (EDV), end systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV) and EF were measured off-line with 2DE and RT-3DE (2-, 4- and 8-plane) methods. The autopsy EDV was estimated by the volume of saline solution injected into the excised heart and served as the reference volume (RefV) for comparison with EDV measured by 2DE and RT-3DE.

Extensively cross-reactive anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies induced by gp140 immunization.

An immunization regimen was evaluated in rabbits consisting of the soluble, oligomeric form of envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1, strain R2 (gp140(R2)), or the surface component of the same envelope (Env), gp120(R2), in the adjuvant AS02A. The gp140(R2) was selected based on its unusual CD4-independent phenotype and the exceptionally broad neutralizing response in the infected donor. The gp140(R2) immunogen induced antibodies that achieved 50% neutralization of 48/48, and 80% neutralization of 43/46 primary strains of diverse HIV-1 subtypes tested.

Assessment of ischemic myocardium by strain-rate imaging during adenosine stress echocardiography.

Objective: Strain rate (SR) provides a quantitative segmental analysis of myocardial function. However, the use of SR with stress echocardiography to determine the ischemic myocardium has not been completely investigated. The present study aimed to determine the changes in systolic function of the ischemic myocardium by strain-rate imaging (SRI) with adenosine stress echocardiography.

Identification of tumor antigens in human lung squamous carcinoma by serological proteome analysis.

Autoantibodies against tumor antigens are promising means for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, we applied a proteomic approach to identify proteins that commonly elicit humoral response in lung squamous carcinoma (LSC). Sera from 20 newly diagnosed patients with LSC and 20 matched healthy individuals were analyzed for antibody-based reactivity against LSC proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis.

Proteomic analysis of the aging-related proteins in human normal colon epithelial tissue.

In order to screen the aging related proteins in human normal colon epithelia, the comparative proteomics analysis was applied to get the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles with high resolution and reproducibility from normal colon epithelial tissues of young and aged people. Differential proteins between the colon epithelia of two age groups were found with PDQuest software. The thirty five differential protein-spots were identified by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) and database searching.

[Expression and its significance of STAT3, STAT5, Survivin and Ki67 in nasal NK/T cell lymphoma].

Objective: To study the expression and its significance of STAT3, STAT5, Survivin and Ki67 in the Epstein-Barr virus associated nasal NK/T cell lymphoma.

Method: The expression of STAT3, STAT5, Survivin and Ki67 were detected with immunohistochemistry in 25 cases of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma, and their relationship was analyzed. Nasal cavity tissues from 20 cases of chronic sinusitis were as the control group.

Identification of differential proteins in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells with p53 silence by proteome analysis.

Although mutation of p53 tumor-suppressor gene is rare in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), NPC has a high frequency of overexpression of p53 protein. There seem to be complex mechanisms of inactivation and stabilization of p53 in NPC. To detect proteins associated with the function of p53 in high throughout screening, we succeeded in establishing p53 knockdown human NPC CNE2 cell line (CNE2sip53) using stable RNA interference, and compared the proteomic changes between CNE2sip53 and control cell line CNE2/pSUPER using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

Proteomic analysis of secreted proteins of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background & Objective: Secreted proteins from cancer cells may be potential serologic biomarkers of cancer. It's important to globally identify secreted proteins of cancer cells. This study was to identify secreted proteins of lung cancer cells.

[Establishment of protein expression profile of human normal colonic epithelia].

Objective: To establish a protein expression profile of human normal colonic epithelia.

Methods: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was applied to separate the total proteins of 20 human normal colonic epithelial tissues. The expression proteins in the human normal colonic epithelia were identified by both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF), and the biological function and subcellular locations of the identified proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics.

Proteomics-based identification of secreted protein dihydrodiol dehydrogenase as a novel serum markers of non-small cell lung cancer.

Identification of secreted proteins of lung cancer could provide new candidates of serum biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. In this study, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line A549 was cultured. Proteins in the conditioned medium of A549 were recovered and the proteome analysis was subsequently performed.

[Identification of aging related proteins in human normal colonic epithelium].

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanisms of colonic epithelial aging related proteins and aged colonic epithelial susceptibility to tumor.

Methods: The proteins of normal human colonic epithelial tissue from young and old people were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE), respectively. Then gels were stained by silver, scanned by imagescanner and analyzed with PDQuest software.

Proteome analysis of multidrug resistance in vincristine-resistant human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901/VCR.

In order to elucidate the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) of vincristine-resistant human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR, 2-DE was used to separate the total proteins of SGC7901/VCR and its parental cell line SGC7901. PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2-DE images, and the differential protein spots were identified by both MALDI-TOF-MS and ESI-Q-TOF-MS. Then the differential expressional levels of partially identified proteins were determined by Western blot analysis and real-time RT-PCR.

[Analysis of differential proteins in laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2 with transfection of LCRG1].

Background & Objective: Laryngeal carcinoma-related gene 1 (LCRG1), a novel laryngeal carcinoma-related tumor suppressor gene, was cloned with mRNA differential display method. Previous researches showed LCRG1 might inhibit cell growth, proliferation, colony formation in soft agar, and tumorigenesis of laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2. This study was to screen the proteins associated with the tumor suppressive function of LCRG1 by comparative proteomics method.

Neutralization and infectivity characteristics of envelope glycoproteins from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected donors whose sera exhibit broadly cross-reactive neutralizing activity.

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that donors with broadly cross-reactive HIV-1 neutralizing (BCN) sera are infected with viruses encoding envelope glycoproteins (Envs) with unusual immunogenic properties. Cloned env genes were from samples of donors previously identified as having BCN antibodies (BCN donors) and from other donors not known to have such antibodies (non-BCN donors). Neutralization properties of viruses pseudotyped with BCN and non-BCN Envs were determined using BCN, non-BCN sera and broadly cross-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (Mabs).

Protection of rhesus monkeys against infection with minimally pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus: correlations with neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T cells.

We studied the capacity of active immunization of rhesus monkeys with HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) to induce primary virus cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies to prevent infection following intravenous challenge with simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). Monkeys were immunized with the human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1) strain R2 Env. Initially, the Env was expressed in vivo by an alphavirus replicon particle system, and then it was administered as soluble oligomeric gp140.

Identification and characterization of a new cross-reactive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody.

The identification and characterization of new human monoclonal antibodies (hMAbs) able to neutralize primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates from different subtypes may help in our understanding of the mechanisms of virus entry and neutralization and in the development of entry inhibitors and vaccines. For enhanced selection of broadly cross-reactive antibodies, soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs proteins) from two isolates complexed with two-domain soluble CD4 (sCD4) were alternated during panning of a phage-displayed human antibody library; these two Env proteins (89.6 and IIIB gp140s), and one additional Env (JR-FL gp120) alone and complexed with sCD4 were used for screening.

[Radiofrequency ablation of idiopathic right ventricular tachycardia].

Objective: To study the effect of electrophysiological characterization and radiofrequency ablation on idiopathic right ventricular tachycardia.

Methods: Five patients ( 3 male and 2 female ) with an average age of 35.2+/-11.

[Expression of apoptosis and Bcl-2, Bax in hemangioma and vascular malformations].

Objective: To study the expression of apoptosis and their regulatory genes, Bcl-2, Bax in hemangioma and vascular malformations.

Methods: The specimens were taken from 68 cases of strawberry hemangioma or vascular malformations and 11 cases of normal skin. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Ki-67 in endothelial cells were investigated by immunohistochemical S-P method.

[Expression and purification of varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein I gene in insect cells].

Objective: To express the cloned gene glycoprotein I (gpI) of varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Beijing VZV 84-7 strain in insect cells and to purify its expression product.

Methods: The gene coding for gpI of VZV was amplified from viral DNA by PCR and cloned into baculovirus transfer vector (pBacPAK9), and recombinant transfer vector plasmid pBacVZVgpI was obtained. The inserted gpI gene in the pBacVZVgpI was sequenced.

Huwentoxin-V, a novel insecticidal peptide toxin from the spider Selenocosmia huwena, and a natural mutant of the toxin: indicates the key amino acid residues related to the biological activity.

A neurotoxin peptide (named Huwentoxin-V) was purified from the venom of the Chinese bird spider Selenocosmia huwena by a combination of ion exchange chromatography and reverse phase HPLC. HWTX-V has 35 amino acid residues, and is in perfect agreement with the molecular mass 4111.4 Da identified by mass spectrometry.

Multiple interactions across the surface of the gp120 core structure determine the global neutralization resistance phenotype of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Resistance to neutralization is an important characteristic of primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that relates to the potential for successful vaccination to prevent infection and use of immunotherapeutics for treatment of established infection. In order to further elucidate mechanisms responsible for neutralization resistance, we studied the molecular mechanisms that determine the resistance of the primary virus isolate of the strain HIV-1 MN to neutralization by soluble CD4 (sCD4). As is the case for the global neutralization resistance phenotype, sCD4 resistance depended upon sequences in the amino-terminal heptad repeat region of gp41 (HR1), as well as on multiple functional interactions within the envelope complex.

Induction of primary virus-cross-reactive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-neutralizing antibodies in small animals by using an alphavirus-derived in vivo expression system.

We have studied the induction of neutralizing antibodies by in vivo expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope by using a Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) replicon system with mice and rabbits. The HIV-1 envelope, clone R2, has broad sensitivity to cross-reactive neutralization and was obtained from a donor with broadly cross-reactive, primary virus-neutralizing antibodies (donor of reference serum, HIV-1-neutralizing serum 2 [HNS2]). It was expressed as gp160, as secreted gp140, and as gp160deltaCT with the cytoplasmic tail deleted.

A variable region 3 (V3) mutation determines a global neutralization phenotype and CD4-independent infectivity of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope associated with a broadly cross-reactive, primary virus-neutralizing antibody response.

The human serum human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-neutralizing serum 2 (HNS2) neutralizes many primary isolates of different clades of HIV-1, and virus expressing envelope from the same donor, clone R2, is neutralized cross-reactively by HIV-immune human sera. The basis for this cross-reactivity was investigated. It was found that a rare mutation in the proximal limb of variable region 3 (V3), 313-4 PM, caused virus pseudotyped with the R2 envelope to be highly sensitive to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against conformation-sensitive epitopes at the tip of the V3 loop, such as 19b, and moderately sensitive to MAbs against CD4 binding site (CD4bs) and CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes, soluble CD4 (sCD4), and HNS2.