Catalogue of fungi in China 1. New taxa of plant-inhabiting fungi.

China has a huge area of diverse landscapes and is believed to conceive incredibly high fungal diversity. To systematically and promptly report Chinese fungal species, we initiate the series of here. In the first paper of this series, we focus on plant-inhabiting fungi.

Evaluating the Rehabilitation Needs of Stroke Patients in China: A Trend Analysis From 1990 to 2019.

Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability in China. Rehabilitation is known to be an effective intervention for reducing disability among stroke survivors. This study seeks to quantify the rehabilitation needs of stroke patients in China by analyzing prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs).

Effect of Wet-Ground Silica Fume on High-Strength Steam-Cured Cement Concrete.

In order to improve the dispersion state of silica fume (SF) in cement concrete, accelerate the hydration rate of high-strength steam-cured cement concrete, and reduce production costs. In this paper, SF was made into a wet-ground silica fume (WSF) suspension solution through a wet grinding process and was applied to high-strength steam-cured concrete to replace the SF so as to improve the difficult dispersion of the inner SF and enhance the compressive strength of concrete. The physical and chemical properties of WSF were studied by XRD, SEM, and ZETA potential, and its effects on the mechanical properties, hydration development, and microstructure of cement concrete were studied using XRD, SEM, TG, BET, and NMR.

Injectable celastrol-loading emulsion hydrogel for immunotherapy of low-immunogenic cancer.

Immunotherapy, exemplified by immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has been extensively employed in antitumor treatments. Nevertheless, its efficacy in addressing low-immunogenic tumors has not yielded satisfactory results, primarily due to the depletion and inadequate infiltration of effector T cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we construct an injectable water-in-oil emulsion hydrogel to load clinically used Celastrol (Gel@Cel), which addresses the limitations of Cel's hydrophobicity.

Synergistic effect of corn straw and mulberry leaves fermantation in vitro and effects on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of sheep.

This study was to determine the synergistic effect of corn straw and mulberry leaves in sheep diet. Corn straw and mulberry leaves were mixed as culture substrate for six groups: 100:0 (T0), 80:20 (T20), 60:40 (T40), 40: 60 (T60), 20:80 (T80) and 0:100 (T100). The in vitro culture indicated that mulberry leaves exhibited a positive correlation with theoretical gas production (GP), cumulative GP, microbial crude protein concentration, and organic matter digestibility.

Health risk assessment to xenoestrogen through atmospheric PM particles: A case study in Suzhou.

Xenoestrogens, classified as endocrine disruptors, can be inhaled through atmospheric particles, leading to adverse health effects such as cancer and developmental abnormalities. This research focused on analysing the monthly distribution, seasonal variation, and health impacts of six target xenoestrogens (dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)), bisphenol A (BPA), and alkylphenols (nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP)) in atmospheric PM at campus of Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University from September 2021 to September 2023. The monthly average concentration of xenoestrogens was measured at 20 ng·m, while the mass concentration of PM varied between 1.

Constructing a Nursing Programme to Manage Intra-Abdominal Pressure in Neurocritical Care Patients: A Modified Delphi Study.

Aim: To construct a nursing programme to manage intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in neurocritical care patients.

Design: The consensus of 16 experts was collected using a two-round Delphi method.

Methods: First, we developed the early stages of the nursing programme for managing IAP in neurocritical care patients through preliminary study and relevant literature internationally.

Learning Objective Adaptation by Correlation-Based Model Reuse.

In open-environment machine learning (open ML), the learning objectives can vary according to specific real-world requirements. Models tailored for initial objectives may not be appropriate for the varied objectives. Retraining models from scratch for every single objective can be computationally intensive.

Tailored Metal-Phenolic Network with Hypoglycemic Polyphenol for Promoting Diabetic Wound Healing.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a common and serious complication of diabetes, with a high risk of amputation, recurrence, and mortality. Aiming at the characteristics of diabetic wounds and based on the result of network pharmacology, a tailored ligand cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G) was selected to construct a metal-phenolic network (CM) through the self-assembly reaction with manganese ions. CM integrates the pharmacological advantages of C3G in antidiabetes and the anti-inflammatory activity of metal-phenolic networks by simulating the metal coordination structure of antioxidant enzymes.

A novel quantum dot-based ratiometric fluorescence sensor array: For reducing substances detection and Baijiu quality discrimination.

Background: Discriminating the quality of baijiu is critical for fostering the growth of the China baijiu market and safeguarding customers' rights. However, establishing a small-scale and rapid baijiu discriminating sensor assay still remains a challenge.

Results: Here, we first introduced ratiometric fluorescence sensor array for the detection of reducing substances in baijiu to achieve baijiu discrimination.

Structural characterization of Corydalis yanhusuo polysaccharides and its bioactivity in vitro.

This study isolated and purified two polysaccharides, CYHSP-1 and CYHSP-2, from Corydalis yanhusuo, and investigated their structures and in vitro biological activities. The findings revealed that CYHSP-1 and CYHSP-2 possess average molecular weights of 97.17 and 23.

Spatial single-cell proteomics landscape decodes the tumor microenvironmental ecosystem of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background Aims: The prognoses and therapeutic responses of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) depend on spatial interactions among tumor microenvironment (TME) components. However, the spatial TME characteristics of iCCA remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to generate a comprehensive spatial atlas of iCCA using artificial intelligence-assisted spatial multiomics patterns and to identify spatial features associated with prognosis and immunotherapy.

Superior electron transport in the single-crystalline TiCoSb-based half-Heuslers.

Half-Heuslers emerged as promising candidates for medium- and high-temperature thermoelectric power generation. However, polycrystalline half-Heuslers inevitably suffer from the defect-dominated scattering of electrons that greatly limits the optimization of their electronic properties. Herein, high-quality TiCoSb-based single-crystals with a dimension above 1 cm have been obtained.

High-Performance Alginate-Poly(ethylene oxide)-Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have gained tremendous attention because they are expected to solve the safety problems caused by liquid electrolytes. However, the low ion-transport capacity, insufficient mechanical strength, and unsatisfying flame-retardant properties greatly limit their further application. Here, we designed a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based SPE by introducing a calcium alginate (CA) nanofiber membrane obtained by electrospinning as a framework.

Mechanisms for Modifying the Electronic and Spatial Distribution of the Single-Atom Ni/CeO Surface to Enhance CO-SCR Reactivity: Density Functional Theory Study.

Modulating the intrinsic activity of heterogeneous catalysts at the atomic level is an effective strategy to improve the low-temperature CO-SCR (selective catalytic reduction) reaction activity and N selectivity, but it remains challenging by the experiment. In this paper, a single-atom-loaded surface generation strategy is developed to construct single-atom catalysts by density functional theory analysis, which will effectively reduce the reaction energy barriers in CO-SCR reaction. Specifically, the reaction of NO reduction by CO before and after Ni adsorption was thoroughly investigated and the reactivity was evaluated by using the CeO (1 1 1) surface as a carrier, with the application of density functional theory, electronic structure analysis, and transition state theory.

Multi-scenario adaptive electronic nose for the detection of environmental odor pollutants.

With the rapid development of sensing technologies, electronic noses have become an important tool for real-time environmental monitoring, but ensuring their applicability and accuracy across various scenarios remains a key challenge. In this study, an electronic nose system with multi-scenario applicability and enhanced accuracy was developed to measure four common key pollutant concentrations in three typical pollution scenarios: landfills, wastewater treatment plants and livestock farms. A scenario-adaptive strategy was proposed to minimize the impact of interferences on the measurement accuracy by constructing a hierarchically structured qualitative-scenario-specific qualitative sub-network to process the sensor response data.

Longitudinal-radial composite spherical shell ultrasonic transducer with omnidirectional ultrasonic radiation.

This paper presents the development and analysis of a longitudinal-radial composite spherical shell ultrasonic transducer, designed to address the need for omnidirectional and extensive ultrasonic radiating areas in ultrasonic applications. The transducer comprised of a sandwich piezoelectric converter, a stepped horn, and a metal spherical shell. The longitudinal vibration of the sandwich piezoelectric converter and the stepped horn excites the radial vibration of the metal spherical shell, thereby enabling omnidirectional ultrasonic radiation along the exterior of the spherical shell.

Thiophene Substituent Engineering of Carbazole Based Self-Assembled Monolayers for Use in High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are widely used in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the biased intermolecular assembly of SAM molecules, and the lack of Lewis-basic heteroatoms to efficiently tune the crystallinity of perovskites and passivate the interface defects still limited the further improvement of the efficiency and stability for PSCs involving carbazole-based SAMs. Herein, a novel 3,6-dithiophene carbazole-based SAM molecule (named CzTh) is designed via the substituent engineering strategy, which is demonstrated to effectively solve the obstacles.

Spectrum-Effect Relationship Between Fingerprints and Anti-Inflammatory and Antitussive Activities of Raw and Processed Mume Fructus Extracts.

Mume Fructus (MF), a representative substance in the field of medicine-food homology, has been extensively utilized in clinical treatments and daily diets for its raw and processed forms. This study aimed to establish the spectrum-effect relationship between ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) fingerprints and anti-inflammatory and antitussive activities of raw and processed MF extracts. In UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS fingerprints, a total of 21 common peaks were identified.

Development of a Novel Hybprinter-SAM for Functionally Graded Tissue Engineering Constructs with Patterned and Localized Biochemical Signals.

Engineering native-mimetic tissue constructs is challenging due to their intricate biological and structural gradients. To address this, Hybprinter-SAM was developed by integrating three bioprinting technologies: syringe extrusion (SE), acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) and molten material extrusion (MME). This system not only enables the creation of mechanical gradients by integrating soft and rigid materials spanning 7 order magnitude of stiffness but also facilitates precise patterning and controlled localization of biochemical signals within printed scaffolds.

Targeted ubiquitination of Na 1.8 reduces sensory neuronal excitability.

Chronic pain and addiction are a significant global health challenge. Voltage-gated sodium channel Na 1.8, a pivotal driver of pain signaling, is a clinically validated target for the development of novel, non-addictive pain therapeutics.

Rational Design of -Acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase and -Acetylneuraminic Lyase for Efficient -Acetylneuraminic Acid Biosynthesis.

-Acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) performs a variety of biological activities where it is used as a nutraceutical and pharmaceutical intermediate. -Acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase (AGE) and -acetylneuraminic lyase (NAL) are the most widely used key enzymes in the industrial production of NeuAc through whole-cell catalytic synthesis. However, both AGE and NAL catalyze reversible reactions, and the equilibrium of these two reactions lies between substrates and products, resulting in a lower conversion rate of NeuAc.

Avian Migration-Mediated Transmission and Recombination Driving the Diversity of Gammacoronaviruses and Deltacoronaviruses.

In the wake of pandemics like COVID-19, which have zoonotic origins, the role of wildlife as reservoirs for emerging infectious diseases has garnered heightened attention. Migratory birds, traversing continents, represent a potent but under-researched vector for the spread of infectious diseases, including novel coronaviruses. This study delves into the genetic diversity and transmission dynamics of coronaviruses in migratory birds, presenting pivotal findings.

Spicy food intake and overweight/obesity in rural Southwest China: findings from a cross-sectional study.

Background: Spicy food is an essential part of the culinary culture in rural southwest China, while little is known about the association between spicy food intake and overweight/obesity. This study was undertaken to explore the association between spicy food intake and overweight/obesity by a cross-sectional study.

Method: We enrolled 2,995 individuals aged 30-79 years living in Rongchang, Chongqing municipality, southwest China from The China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study, which was deemed to be the largest cohort study in southwest China.

An Adhesive Adaptation Layer Mitigates the Interfacial Instabilities of Rigid Polymer Electrolyte.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are widely recognized as promising candidates for enabling solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) with improved safety, high energy density, and extended cycling life. The traditional perspective posits that increasing the mechanical modulus of SPEs enhances their capacity to regulate Li0 deposition and suppress dendrite penetration. However, this study reveals a distinct failure mechanism: a rigid SPE with a high storage modulus suffers from delamination-induced cell failure due to its inability to accommodate the volumetric changes of the Li0 anode.