Development and validation of an UPLC-MS/MS method with polarity switching for simultaneous determination of 14 antiepileptic drugs and 2 metabolites in human serum.

Currently, treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is still the first choice for epileptic patients, while monitoring their blood concentrations is undoubtedly beneficial for minimizing their adverse side effects and optimizing their therapeutic effects. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry with polarity switching was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 14 AEDs and 2 active metabolites in human serum. Olanzapine was selected as the internal standard.

Size Effect on Shear Behaviors of 3D-Printed Soft Rock-like Materials Under Different Shear Velocities.

The shear failure of rock masses is one of the primary causes of underground engineering instability. The shear mechanical behavior of rocks at different sizes is of great significance for studying the shear failure pattern of engineering rock masses. However, due to the presence of various joints and defects in natural rocks, the obtained rock specimens exhibit significant discreteness, making it difficult to customize specimen sizes for size effect studies.

Enhancing the magnetic properties of Dy(III) single-molecule magnets in octahedral coordination symmetry by tuning the equatorial ligands.

Conventionally, octahedral () coordination symmetry of lanthanide centers is not ideal for constructing high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs). However, introducing a strong ligand field in the axial direction to increase crystal field splitting can potentially overcome this limitation. Herein, we successfully obtained two dysprosium(III) single-molecule magnets, [Dy(OCBu)X(py)] (X = Cl (1), I (2), py = pyridine), in coordination symmetry.

Divergent input patterns to the central lateral amygdala play a duet in fear memory formation.

Somatostatin (SOM)-expressing neurons in the central lateral amygdala (CeL) are responsible for fear memory learning, but the circuit and molecular mechanisms underlying this biology remain elusive. Here, we found that glutamatergic neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPB) directly dominated the activity of CeL neurons, and that selectively inhibiting the LPB→CeL pathway suppressed fear memory acquisition. By contrast, inhibiting CeL-projecting glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) interfered with consolidation-related processes.

Microglia contribute to nociception via CSF-1R signaling pathway in rat orofacial carcinoma.

Objective: Cancer-induced pain is the most common complication of the head and neck cancer. The microglia colony-stimulating factor receptor 1 (CSF1R) plays a crucial role in the inflammation and neuropathic pain. However, the effect of CSF1R on orofacial cancer-induced pain is unclear.

Incidence and risk factors associated with negative postoperative behavioral changes in children undergoing painless gastroscopy.

Objective: To investigate the incidence of and risk factors associated with negative postoperative behavioral changes (NPOBCs) in children undergoing painless gastroscopy.

Methods: Inclusion criteria: ASA I-II and outpatients aged 6-12 years undergoing painless gastroscopy.

Exclusion Criteria: history of surgery or anesthesia, children with developmental or intellectual abnormalities, refusal to participate, preoperative abdominal pain score > 3 points, history of chronic abdominal pain of > 3 months duration, and serious intraoperative complications.

MPP2 interacts with SK2 to rescue the excitability of glutamatergic neurons in the BLA and facilitate the extinction of conditioned fear in mice.

Aims: The basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays an integral role in anxiety disorders (such as post traumatic stress disorder) stem from dysregulated fear memory. The excitability of glutamatergic neurons in the BLA correlates with fear memory, and the afterhyperpolarization current (I ) mediated by small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel subtype 2 (SK2) dominates the excitability of glutamatergicneurons. This study aimed to explore the effect of MPP2 interacts with SK2 in the excitability of glutamatergic neurons in the BLA and the extinction of conditioned fear in mice.

Versatile Photo/Electricity Responsive Properties of a Coordination Polymer Based on Extended Viologen Ligands.

Responsive chromogenic materials have attracted increasing interest among researchers; however, up until now, few materials have exhibited multifunctional chromogenic properties. The coordination polymers (CPs) provide intriguing platforms to design and construct multifunctional materials. Here, a multifunctional photo/electricity responsive CP named Zn-Oxv, which is based on the "extended viologen" (ExV) ligand, was synthesized.

Projection-specific dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area participated in morphine-induced hyperalgesia and anti-nociceptive tolerance in male mice.

Background: Long-term morphine use is associated with serious side effects, such as morphine-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance. Previous investigations have documented the association between dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and pain. However, whether VTA DA neurons are implicated in morphine-induced hyperalgesia and analgesic tolerance remains elusive.

Heteroatom-Doped Nickel Oxide Hybrids Derived from Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Novel Schiff Base Ligands toward High-Performance Electrochromism.

The tenets of coordination chemistry enable researchers to design and develop nanostructured materials based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, for the first time, we applied the Schiff base system to MOF derivatives as a strategy for the heteroatom introduction into carbon-based metal oxides toward electrochromic applications. The presented Ni-MOF thin films based on Schiff base ligands were prepared by a facile and economical reductive electrosynthesis approach, facilitating the scalable fabrication of large-size electrochromic films derived from MOFs.

Predisposition of Neonatal Maternal Separation to Visceral Hypersensitivity via Downregulation of Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel Subtype 2 (SK2) in Mice.

Background: Visceral hypersensitivity is a common occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), wherein early-life stress (ELS) may have a high predisposition to the development of visceral hypersensitivity in adulthood, with the specific underlying mechanism still elusive. Herein, we assessed the potential effect of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel subtype 2 (SK2) in the spinal dorsal horn (DH) on the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity induced by maternal separation (MS) in mice.

Methods: Neonatal mice were subjected to the MS paradigm, an established ELS model.