Characterizing full-phase chlorine species emissions from domestic coal combustion in China: Implications for significant impacts on air pollution and ozone-layer depletion.

The distribution and emission characteristics of chlorine in different phases are important for evaluating the impact of chlorine chemistry on the stratospheric and tropospheric environment. This study developed a measurement method of full-phase chlorine and firstly reported full-phase chlorine emissions characteristics of domestic coal combustion. The chlorine content of bituminous coal is 252.

Enzyme Reactions Are Accelerated or Decelerated When the Enzymes Are Located Near the DNA Nanostructure.

It is known experimentally that enzymatic reactions are often accelerated when the enzymes are assembled on the scaffold of DNA nanostructures. However, the exact mechanism by which this acceleration occurs remains unclear. Here, we study the reactions of enzymes with different catalytic mechanisms assembled on a DNA scaffold with various substrates.

Volatile organic compounds emission characteristics and factors from stage-dependent combustion in typical biomass stoves in northern China: Field measurements and environmental implications.

Residential biomass burning (RBB) has significant impact on the ambient air quality in rural China. To explore the detailed emission characteristics and impact of various stove types and their combustion stages of RBB, which unresolved issue in existing studies, this study investigated the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions of different combustion stages from four typical RBB stoves in Northern China, including kang stove (KS), brick stove (BS), metal stove (MS) and pellet stove (PS). The KS has the highest VOCs emission factors (EFs) (1.

A bioinspired in-materia analog photoelectronic reservoir computing for human action processing.

Current computer vision is data-intensive and faces bottlenecks in shrinking computational costs. Incorporating physics into a bioinspired visual system is promising to offer unprecedented energy efficiency, while the mismatch between physical dynamics and bioinspired algorithms makes the processing of real-world samples rather challenging. Here, we report a bioinspired in-materia analogue photoelectronic reservoir computing for dynamic vision processing.

CD36 Promotes Iron Accumulation and Dysfunction in CD8+ T Cells via the p38-CEBPB-TfR1 Axis in Early-stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The identification of factors that lead to CD8⁺ T cell dysfunction within the tumor microenvironment (TME) holds great promise for the development of innovative immunotherapies. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the exhausted phenotype of CD8⁺ T cells infiltrating early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors remains unclear.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed using a murine HCC model.

Electrochemical Pilot HO Production by Solid-State Electrolyte Reactor: Insights From a Hybrid Catalyst for 2-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) offers an alluring and sustainable alternative to the traditional anthraquinone process for hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) synthesis. However, challenges remain in developing scalable electrocatalysts and cost-effective reactors for high-purity H₂O₂ production. This study introduces a simple yet effective mechanical mixing method to fabricate a hybrid electrocatalyst from oxidized carbon nanotubes and layered double hydroxides (LDHs).

Cross-Domain Invariant Feature Absorption and Domain-Specific Feature Retention for Domain Incremental Chest X-Ray Classification.

Chest X-ray (CXR) images have been widely adopted in clinical care and pathological diagnosis in recent years. Some advanced methods on CXR classification task achieve impressive performance by training the model statically. However, in the real clinical environment, the model needs to learn continually and this can be viewed as a domain incremental learning (DIL) problem.

Solar evaporator coupled with strong/weak convection and its cascade utilization.

Modulating the macro/nanoarchitecture of evaporators to effectively harness diverse renewable energy sources is of paramount importance for optimizing the performance of solar-driven interfacial evaporation. Inspired by the geometric structure of a windmill, we designed an innovative solar evaporator that expertly harnesses both strong and weak convection. During the purification of heavy metal wastewater, the maximum evaporation rate can reach 4.

Dicoumarol sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to ferroptosis induced by imidazole ketone erastin.

Introduction: Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, is characterized by the lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides on cellular membranes. It not only inhibits tumor growth but also enhances immunotherapy responses and overcomes drug resistance in cancer therapy. The inhibition of the cystine-glutamate antiporter, system Xc-, induces ferroptosis.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Unraveling Acquired Resistance to EGFR-TKIs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: New Perspectives.

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but acquired resistance greatly reduces efficacy and poses a significant challenge to patients. While numerous studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying EGFR-TKI resistance, its complexity and diversity make the existing understanding still incomplete. Traditional approaches frequently struggle to adequately reveal the process of drug resistance development through mean value analysis at the overall cellular level.

Habitat-Based Radiomics for Revealing Tumor Heterogeneity and Predicting Residual Cancer Burden Classification in Breast Cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of characterizing tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer ultrasound images using habitat analysis technology and establish a radiomics machine learning model for predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: Ultrasound images from patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant therapy at our institution between July 2021 and December 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Initially, the region of interest was delineated and segmented into multiple habitat areas using local feature delineation and cluster analysis techniques.

Does composite bone resection for soft-tissue sarcoma with cortical contact result in better local control and survival compared to sub-periosteal dissection? : a comparative retrospective cohort study.

Aims: Osseous invasion exhibited in soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is recognized as a prognostic risk factor. Achieving a wide margin is the default surgical approach for local control. However, for STSs where the tumour is in contact with the adjacent cortex but without clear evidence of osseous invasion, such as medullary invasion, the question of whether bone resection can provide better local control or survival than more conservative sub-periosteal excision remains controversial.

DSCC1 Identified as Promising Tumor Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target Through Comprehensive Multi-omics Analysis and Experimental Validation.

As a component of the alternative replication factor C (RFC) complex, DSCC1 plays a significant role in cancer progression due to its aberrant expression. However, the potential function of DSCC1 in a pan-cancer context remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of DSCC1's role in tumors by integrating multi-omics bioinformatics tools.

Causal Relationship Between Blood Metabolomics and Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Metabolic disorders have been hypothesized to be associated with female-pattern hair loss. However, ambiguity persists regarding the causality and directionality of the relationship between blood metabolites and female hair loss patterns.

Methods: To evaluate the causal relationship between 1400 blood metabolites and female pattern hair loss, we conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis using publicly available summary data from genome-wide association studies.

Streamlining Bacterial Gene Regulation via Nucleic Acid Delivery with Gold Nanoclusters.

Delivery of exogenous nucleic acids (NAs) for gene regulation in bacteria, bypassing the barrier of the cell wall, is essential for advancing fundamental microbiology and genetic engineering, and the treatment of bacterial diseases. However, current methods that rely on electrical or chemical interventions are limited by their complexity, specialized expertise, and laboratory-specific instrumentation. This study explores the capability of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) as carriers for delivering small-interfering RNA and antisense oligonucleotides into bacteria for targeted gene regulation while shielding them from degradation during transport.

Insight into carbonyl source based on improved source apportionment method: Alkene regulate secondary formation.

Carbonyls can be emitted by human activities or produced by photochemical oxidation. However, there is a lack of accurate methods for separately analyzing the primary and secondary sources of carbonyls, which is important for industrial cities with large carbonyls emission. Combined the method of multiple linear regression, positive matrix factorisation (PMF) and observation-based model (OBM), this study improved the source apportionment method of carbonyl and conducted research in a typical industrial city in North China during different seasons.

Ultrasound-based radiomics and clinical factors-based nomogram for early intracranial hypertension detection in patients with decompressive craniotomy.

Objective: This study aims to develop and validate a nomogram that combines traditional ultrasound radiomics features with clinical parameters to assess early intracranial hypertension (IH) following primary decompressive craniectomy (DC) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study incorporates the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) method to interpret the radiomics model.

Methods: This study included 199 patients with severe TBI (training cohort:  = 159; testing cohort:  = 40).

Tumour surface regularity predicts survival and benefit from gross total resection in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of sphericity in glioblastomas (GBMs) for predicting overall survival (OS) and the survival benefit from gross tumour resection (GTR).

Methods: Preoperative MRI scans were retrospectively analysed in IDH-wildtype GBM patients from two datasets. After MRI preprocessing and tumour segmentation, tumour sphericity was calculated based on the tumour core region.

Synonymous mutations promote tumorigenesis by disrupting mA-dependent mRNA metabolism.

Cancer cells acquire numerous mutations during tumorigenesis, including synonymous mutations that do not change the amino acid sequence of a protein. RNA N6-methyladenosine (mA) is a post-transcriptional modification that plays critical roles in oncogenesis. Herein, we identified 12,849 mutations in the cancer genome with the potential to perturb mA modification patterns, which we refer to as "mA disruption mutations (mA-DMs).

Fibroblast Activation Protein Acts as a Biomarker for Monitoring ECM Remodeling During Aortic Aneurysm via Ga-FAPI-04 PET Imaging.

Traditional imaging modalities used to monitor the diameter of aortic aneurysms (AAs) often fail to follow pathological progression. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a key regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, plays a pivotal role in aortic disease. However, its expression in the aortic wall during aneurysm progression and its potential correlation with disease severity remains unexplored.

Unhealthy diet and lifestyle factors linked to female androgenetic alopecia: a community-based study from Jidong study, China.

Background: To explore unhealthy diet and lifestyle factors associated with female androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) in a community-based study.

Methods: A total of 3,008 participants were recruited from the Jidong community (Tangshan, Hebei, China). FAGA was assessed by the Savin scale.

Blood trace elements in association with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk, aggressiveness and prognosis in a high incidence region of China.

Toxic elements exposure and imbalance in essential element homeostasis remain incomprehensive in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) carcinogenesis, especially in tumor progression. To reveal the toxic and essential elements inside body associated with ESCC occurrence, aggressive features and outcomes, whole blood concentrations of eight trace elements were quantified in 150 ESCC cases and 177 controls using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se) showed significant differences between the case and control subjects.

Genetic Study and Prenatal Diagnosis of Inherited Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Disorders due to Novel Variants in Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Genes.

Inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency disorders (IGDs) are a group of rare recessive genetic conditions characterised by developmental delays and an early onset epilepsy caused by disruptions in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we identified eight variants in phosphatidyl inositol glycan (PIG) genes from four IGDs families through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The variants included one in PIGA, two in PIGW and five in PIGN, with five being novel variants.

Prognostic Impact of Sarcopenia and Surgical Timing in Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: TIMES Study.

Background: Optimal timing for surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) remains controversial, necessitating reliable preoperative indicators. This study examines how sarcopenia and surgical timing affect prognosis in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patients with LA-ESCC who underwent NCRT and surgery at three institutions in China from 2014 to 2023.

A Practical Approach for Polarity and Quantity Controlled Assembly of Membrane Proteins into Nanoliposomes.

Biological membranes achieve selectivity and permeability through protein transporters and channels. The design of artificial compartments with permeable membranes is essential to facilitate substrate and product transfer in enzymatic reactions. In this study, an E.