Diabetic foot ulcer is associated with cardiovascular-related mortality and morbidity - a systematic review and meta-analysis of 8062 patients.

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), as well as compare risks of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality between diabetic patients with and without DFU.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases for randomized controlled trials and observational studies which explored the association between DFU and cardiovascular-related morbidity & mortality, or compared differences in hazard ratios of cardiovascular diseases between diabetics with and without DFU. Frequentist, pairwise meta-analysis was performed on studies with two comparator arms, whereas single-arm studies reporting pooled incidences of cardiovascular-related mortality and morbidity were calculated based on exact binomial distributions.

Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol improves postoperative pain and shortens length of stay among patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a "fast-track", perioperative, multi-disciplinary concept aimed at improving recovery time and reducing length of hospital stay.

Objective: This study aims to compare the postoperative outcomes of ERAS versus non-ERAS Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), with the primary outcomes being day 0 pain score, days 1-2 range of motion (ROM), days 1-2 distance walked and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 111 consecutive patients who had undergone primary unilateral TKA from November 2019 to October 2020 at a single tertiary hospital by fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons.

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report and review of literature.

The most common histological type of urinary bladder cancer is urothelial carcinoma (UC). Clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) of the urinary bladder is a rare histologic subtype of adenocarcinoma in the urinary tract. The tumor primarily affects women and has histomorphological features resembling CCA of the female genital tract (or Müllerian origin).

Ambulatory uniportal versus biportal endoscopic unilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis-cohort study using a prospective registry.

Background: Endoscopic spine surgery has been established as a practical, minimally invasive technique for decompression in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. However, there remains a paucity of studies prospective cohort study comparing uniportal lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression and unilateral biportal endoscopic unilateral laminotomy with bilateral decompression with open spinal decompression-both viable techniques with satisfactory clinical outcomes in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis.

Objective/aim: To compare the efficacy of UPE and BPE lumbar decompression surgery for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.

The most effective but largely ignored target for prostate cancer early detection and intervention.

Over the past two decades, the global efforts for the early detection and intervention of prostate cancer seem to have made significant progresses in the basic researches, but the clinic outcomes have been disappointing: (1) prostate cancer is still the most common non-cutaneous cancer in Europe in men, (2) the age-standardized prostate cancer rate has increased in nearly all Asian and African countries, (3) the proportion of advanced cancers at the diagnosis has increased to 8.2% from 3.9% in the USA, (4) the worldwide use of PSA testing and digital rectal examination have failed to reduce the prostate cancer mortality, and (5) there is still no effective preventive method to significantly reduce the development, invasion, and metastasis of prostate cancer… Together, these facts strongly suggest that the global efforts during the past appear to be not in a correlated target with markedly inconsistent basic research and clinic outcomes.

Towards Visualization of Time-Series Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) Data on Standalone Voice-First Virtual Assistants.

Population aging is an increasingly important consideration for health care in the 21th century, and continuing to have access and interact with digital health information is a key challenge for aging populations. Voice-based Intelligent Virtual Assistants (IVAs) are promising to improve the Quality of Life (QoL) of older adults, and coupled with Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) they can be effective to collect important health information from older adults, especially when it comes to repeated time-based events. However, this same EMA data is hard to access for the older adult: although the newest IVAs are equipped with a display, the effectiveness of visualizing time-series based EMA data on standalone IVAs has not been explored.

Prediction of black carbon in marine engines and correlation analysis of model characteristics based on multiple machine learning algorithms.

Ship black carbon emissions have caused great harm to ecological environment. In order to estimate the black carbon emissions, thereby reducing the cost of black carbon experiments, here, we introduced four machine learning algorithms which are lasso regression, support vector machine, extreme gradient boosting, and artificial neural network to predict ship black carbon emissions. The prediction models were established with using the datasets acquired from similar marine engines under various steady-state conditions.

Identification of novel biomarkers differentially expressed between African-American and Caucasian-American prostate cancer patients.

Prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality rate vary among racial and ethnic groups with the highest occurrence in African American (AA) men who have mortality rates twice that of Caucasians (CA). In this study, we focused on differential expression of proteins in AA prostate cancer compared to CA using Protein Pathway Array Analysis (PPAA), in order to identify protein biomarkers associated with PCa racial disparity. Fresh frozen prostate samples (n=90) obtained from radical prostatectomy specimens with PCa, including 25 AA tumor, 21 AA benign, 23 CA tumor, 21 CA benign samples were analyzed.

Outcomes of traumatic extremity vascular injuries from a Malaysian level 1 trauma center.

Background: In Malaysia, management of traumatic vascular injuries is at the discretion of the treating surgeon (trauma or vascular surgery). This study was conducted to report on the epidemiology, mechanism of injury and outcomes of vascular injuries managed in a regional level 1 trauma center.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients treated for traumatic extremity vascular injuries from January 2018 to December 2020.

A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Utility of Ultrasound, 99mTc-Sestamibi Scintigraphy, and Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography for Pre-Operative Localization of Parathyroid Disease To Facilitate Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy.

Background This study investigated the utility of ultrasound (US), 99mTc-Sestamibi scintigraphy (Sestamibi), and four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) for pre-operative localization of a single abnormal parathyroid gland prior to minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) to determine the optimum pre-operative scans to facilitate a MIP. Methods Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who underwent curative parathyroidectomy at Broomfield Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust between 2009 and 2018 were included. Diagnostic performance parameters and the agreement between US, Sestamibi, and 4DCT were evaluated.

Complete sigmoid colon erosion by an intrauterine contraception device in an ectopic pregnancy: a case report.

INTRODUCTION An intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is a common contraception method used for family planning. IUCD erosion into adjacent organs is a rare but serious complication of IUCD use. CASE PRESENTATION A 41-year-old female presented to us with a leaking left ectopic pregnancy.

Characterization of a hepatitis a outbreak in underserved urban tertiary safety net hospitals.

Outbreaks of Hepatitis A, caused by the Hepatitis A Virus (HAV), remain a worldwide health concern. We conducted a retrospective chart review to characterize patients with acute HAV during an outbreak at our urban tertiary care center to better characterize patients infected with HAV. We searched our electronic records for patients with positive HAV IgM antibodies during a period of outbreak in Philadelphia, May 2017-December 2019.

Point-of-Care 3D Printing: A Feasibility Study of Using 3D Printing for Orthopaedic Trauma.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of 3D printing a customised implant at the point of care from a manufacturing and logistics perspective. We hypothesised that customised plate production would be possible within a clinically relevant time frame of 72 hours using currently available technology.

Materials And Methods: This study uses 6 cadaveric lower limbs to simulate real-life surgical patients.

Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy increases the risk of herpes zoster in patients with gynecological cancers: a nationwide cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on the risk of herpes zoster (HZ) in patients with gynecological cancers via a nationwide population-based study.

Methods: Based on patient data obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database, 1928 gynecological cancer patients were identified with 1:1 matching for RT and non-RT cohorts by age, index date, and cancer type. Another cohort consisting of 964 non-cancer individuals matched was used as normal control.

Prostate-specific loss of UXT promotes cancer progression.

Ubiquitously-expressed, prefoldin-like chaperone (UXT) also called Androgen Receptor Trapped clone-27 (ART-27) is widely expressed in human tissues. Our previous studies showed that UXT regulates transcription repression including androgen receptor (AR) signaling in prostate cancer. Here we analyzed a tissue microarray consisting of normal prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia, high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and primary prostate cancer cases for UXT protein expression.

NKX3.1 and PSMA are sensitive diagnostic markers for prostatic carcinoma in bone metastasis after decalcification of specimens.

Background: Prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and NKX3.1 are sensitive and prostate-specific markers frequently used for the diagnosis of metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). International Society of Urological Pathology recommends use of PSA as the initial immunohistochemical (IHC) marker to identify PCa.

Effect of Preanalytic Variables on an Automated PTEN Immunohistochemistry Assay for Prostate Cancer.

Context.—: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a promising prognostic and potentially predictive biomarker in prostate cancer.

Objective.

Prostate Cancers Detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Targeted Biopsies Have a Higher Percentage of Gleason Pattern 4 Component and Are Less Likely to Be Upgraded in Radical Prostatectomies.

Context.—: In Gleason score (GS) 7 prostate cancers, the quantity of Gleason pattern 4 (GP 4) is an important prognostic factor and influences treatment decisions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy has been increasingly used in clinical practice.

Molecular mechanisms involving prostate cancer racial disparity.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The African (AA) descent has greater incidence and mortality rates of PCa as compared to Caucasian (CA) men. While socioeconomic differences across racial groups contribute to disparity in PCa, increasing evidence points that genetic and molecular alterations play important roles in racial disparities associated with PCa.

In Situ Stimulation of Thiocyanate Biodegradation through Phosphate Amendment in Gold Mine Tailings Water.

Thiocyanate (SCN) is a contaminant requiring remediation in gold mine tailings and wastewaters globally. Seepage of SCN-contaminated waters into aquifers can occur from unlined or structurally compromised mine tailings storage facilities. A wide variety of microorganisms are known to be capable of biodegrading SCN; however, little is known regarding the potential of native microbes for in situ SCN biodegradation, a remediation option that is less costly than engineered approaches.

Chronic ileitis with transmural migration of ingested foreign body treated by laparoscopy.

Background: Ingestion of foreign bodies such as fish bone or chicken bone is relatively common in adults; however, resultant transmural migration is extremely rare.

Methods: We present a case of a 79-year-old woman with chronic low-grade abdominal pain, worsening over the last 4 days. Computed tomography revealed segmental small bowel wall thickening with chronic inflammation suggestive of Crohn's ileitis and oral steroids were commenced; only later, ingestion of a foreign body was suspected.