Direct Deoxyfluorination of Alcohols with KF as the Fluorine Source.

This report describes a method for the deoxyfluorination of alcohols with KF as the fluorine source via in situ generation of highly active CFSOF. Diverse functionalities, including halogen, nitro, ketone, ester, alkene, and alkyne, are well tolerated. Mild conditions, a short reaction time, and a wide substrate scope make this method an excellent choice for the construction of C-F bonds.

CircRNA circ_0023984 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulating miR-134-5p/cystatin-s axis.

Recent studies have shown that circRNAs can act as oncogenic factors or tumor suppressors by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). The upregulation of circ_0023984 was reported in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, its functional role in ESCC remain unclear.

Identifying Luminol Electrochemiluminescence at the Cathode via Single-Atom Catalysts Tuned Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Luminol-based electrochemiluminescence (ECL) can be readily excited by various reactive oxygen species (ROS) electrogenerated with an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the multiple active intermediates involved in the ORR catalyzed with complex nanomaterials lead to recognizing the role of ROS still elusive. Moreover, suffering from the absence of the direct electrochemical oxidation of luminol at the cathode and poor transformation efficiency of O to ROS, the weak cathodic ECL emission of luminol is often neglected.

Targeting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response for Blood-Brain Barrier Protection in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a major pathological change after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and is both the cause and result of oxidative stress and of the immune response post-ICH. These processes contribute to ICH-induced brain injury. After the breakdown of cerebral vessels, blood components, including erythrocytes and their metabolites, thrombin, and fibrinogen, can access the cerebral parenchyma through the compromised BBB, triggering oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades.

Erbium chloride silicate-based vertical cavity surface-emitting laser at the near-infrared communication band.

Silicon-based integrated optoelectronics has become a hotspot in the field of computers and information processing systems. An integrated coherent light source on-chip with a small footprint and high efficiency is one of the most important unresolved devices. Here, we realize a silicon-based vertical cavity surface-emitting laser in the near-infrared communication band by making efforts in both controlled preparation of high-gain erbium silicate materials and novel design of high optical feedback microcavity.

A TMT-based shotgun proteomics uncovers overexpression of thrombospondin 1 as a contributor in pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction disease (HSOS) is a rare but life-threatening vascular liver disease. However, its underlying mechanism and molecular changes in HSOS are largely unknown, thus greatly hindering the development of its effective treatment. Hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells (HSECs) are the primary and essential target for HSOS.

Research on extremely short construction period of engineering project based on labor balance under resource tolerance.

Under the condition of resource tolerance, engineering construction projects face the problem of labor force balance in the working face. Notably, a deviation occurs between the distribution and certain demand of the labor force in the limited working face, which affects the realization of an extremely short construction period. To address this problem, we first introduced the stochastic coefficient of labor force equilibrium to measure the degree of labor balance.

Absolute film separation of dyes/salts and emulsions with a superhigh water permeance through graded nanofluidic channels.

The development of multifunctional films with a high permeability has been of great concern for effective separation of complex aqueous contaminants, especially in the face of zero or near-zero release regulations. Inspired by the natural structure of sandy soils, polydopamine-wrapped/connected polypyrrole sub-micron spheres (PPSM) were closely packed onto a polypyrrole-coated bacterial cellulose (PBC) support, by which a new two-layered PBC/PPSM composite film formed with graded nanofluidic channels. Interestingly, after being soaked in complex water environments of ethanol, acids, bases, heat, cold and high salinity, or else bended/folded for more than 10 times, the structure and performance of this film still stayed the same, validating its high structural stability and flexibility.

Hygroscopicity and cloud condensation nucleation activities of hydroxyalkylsulfonates.

Hydroxyalkylsulfonates may contribute significantly to atmospheric particles; however, their hygroscopic properties and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activities remain unknown. In this study, three complementary techniques were utilized to examine the hygroscopicity of sodium hydroxymethanesulfonate (NaHMS), sodium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate (NaHES), and ammonium 2-hydroxyethylsulfonate (NHHES) under subsaturated and supersaturated environments. The mass changes in the three hydroxyalkylsulfonates at different relative humidities at 25 °C were examined by a vapor sorption analyzer, and the mass growth factors were measured to be 3.

Dispersal of antibiotic resistance genes in an agricultural influenced multi-branch river network.

Rivers in agricultural regions serve as an important sink for livestock and poultry farm runoff, fertilizer runoff, and country living sewage, which could bring antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) contaminations. However, the diversity and distribution of ARGs has not been well documented in the agricultural influenced river. Here, the diversity of ARGs, and their relationship with biochemical factors were determined in the surface water in an agricultural region of the Jialing River and its five rural branches.

Transcriptome Analysis on Key Metabolic Pathways in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Under Pb(II) Stress.

Rhodotorula mucilaginosa shows adaption to a broad range of Pb stress. In this study, three key pathways, i.e.

Global profiling of regulatory elements in the histone benzoylation pathway.

Lysine benzoylation (Kbz) is a recently discovered post-translational modification associated with active transcription. However, the proteins for maintaining and interpreting Kbz and the physiological roles of Kbz remain elusive. Here, we systematically characterize writer, eraser, and reader proteins of histone Kbz in S.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis From CT Images Based on Deep Learning With Multimodal Feature Fusion.

Background: Spinal tuberculosis (TB) has the highest incidence in remote plateau areas, particularly in Tibet, China, due to inadequate local healthcare services, which not only facilitates the transmission of TB bacteria but also increases the burden on grassroots hospitals. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is urgently required to improve the efficiency of clinical diagnosis of TB using computed tomography (CT) images. However, classical machine learning with handcrafted features generally has low accuracy, and deep learning with self-extracting features relies heavily on the size of medical datasets.

Research on the factors of extremely short construction period under the sufficient resources based on Grey-DEMATEL-ISM.

Under the condition of sufficient resources, there are many factors affecting the realization of extremely short construction period of engineering construction projects. Based on literature review and questionnaire survey, this paper firstly selected 17 influencing factors from the five dimensions of design, management, technology, policy and environment. And the factor analytic hierarchy process model was established based on Grey-DEMATEL-ISM.

A New Ratiometric Design Strategy Based on Modulation of π-Conjugation Unit for Developing Fluorescent Probe and Imaging of Cellular Peroxynitrite.

Ratiometric fluorescent probes could effectively offset the changes of the autofluorescence and compartmental localization. FRET, ICT, etc. are the common strategies to design probes for biosensing, but these strategies have some deficiencies.

Restoring nuclear entry of Sirtuin 2 in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells promotes remyelination during ageing.

The age-dependent decline in remyelination potential of the central nervous system during ageing is associated with a declined differentiation capacity of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). The molecular players that can enhance OPC differentiation or rejuvenate OPCs are unclear. Here we show that, in mouse OPCs, nuclear entry of SIRT2 is impaired and NAD levels are reduced during ageing.

Upregulated YB-1 protein promotes glioblastoma growth through a YB-1/CCT4/mLST8/mTOR pathway.

Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) is a multifunctional RNA binding protein involved in virtually every step of RNA metabolism. However, the functions and mechanisms of YB-1 in one of the most aggressive cancers, glioblastoma, are not well understood. In this study, we found that YB-1 protein was markedly overexpressed in glioblastoma and acted as a critical activator of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling.

Ligand-Directed Caging Enables the Control of Endogenous DNA Alkyltransferase Activity with Light inside Live Cells.

The control of endogenous protein activity with light inside live cells is helpful for the high spatiotemporal probing of their dynamic roles. Herein, we report the first small-molecule-ligand-directed caging approach to control the endogenous human O -alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) activity with light, and the caged AGT is constructed from the native intracellular AGT. The photo-responsive O -benzylguanine derivative O -NBG3 is developed to site-specifically cage the AGT's catalytic cysteine residue, and the light irradiation on-demand restores AGT's activity in vitro, in bacteria, and in mammalian cells.

Reconstruction clipping of ruptured anterior circulation aneurysms via supraorbital lateral keyhole approach.

Background: Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a serious disease. Analyze and review the cases of anterior circulation ruptured IA by supraorbital lateral keyhole approach, and summarize the experiences of this approach.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 16 cases of ruptured anterior circulation IA in our department from January 2019 to June 2020, CT angiography (CTA) was performed before operation.

Suppression of RIP1 activity via S415 dephosphorylation ameliorates obesity-related hepatic insulin resistance.

Objective: Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIP1) is a well-documented key regulator of TNFα-mediated inflammation, apoptosis, and necroptosis, which contribute to the development of obesity-related metabolic diseases such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. However, the mechanism regarding how RIP1 influences obesity-related insulin resistance remains elusive.

Methods: Primary hepatocytes with necrostatin 1 treatment or RIP1 expression were exposed to palmitic acid (PA), prior to the examination of cellular insulin signaling.

China's local government debt risk assessment and countermeasures under the influence of COVID-19.

Under the influence of COVID-19, the global economic and social development is facing great challenges. With the increase of government financial pressure and the decrease of debt paying ability, the problem of debt risk of local governments in China is attracting wide attention. In order to measure the level of China's local government debt risk under the influence of COVID-19, this paper takes China's Sichuan Province as an example, collects the core indicators data of measuring local government debt risk in 2017-2020 years, and uses AHP-TOPSIS method to make a comprehensive analysis of the local government debt risk situation in different periods before and after COVID-19.

Structure-Guided Discovery of the Novel Covalent Allosteric Site and Covalent Inhibitors of Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase to Overcome the Azole Resistance of .

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) represents an attractive new antifungal target. Here, we employed a structure-based optimization strategy to discover a novel covalent binding site (C292 site) and the first-in-class covalent allosteric inhibitors of FBA from (CaFBA). Site-directed mutagenesis, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the crystallographic structures of APO-CaFBA, CaFBA-, and C157S- revealed that S268 is an essential pharmacophore for the catalytic activity of CaFBA, and L288 is an allosteric regulation switch for CaFBA.

Pyruvate Facilitates FACT-Mediated γH2AX Loading to Chromatin and Promotes the Radiation Resistance of Glioblastoma.

DNA repair confers the resistance of tumor cells to DNA-damaging anticancer therapies, while how reprogrammed metabolism in tumor cells contributes to such process remains poorly understood. Pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate and regulates the last rate-limiting step of glycolysis. Here it is shown that the glycolytic metabolite pyruvate enhances DNA damage repair by facilitating chromatin loading of γH2AX, thereby promoting the radiation resistance of glioma cells.

LncRNA SNHG12 in extracellular vesicles derived from carcinoma-associated fibroblasts promotes cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is defined as the most universally diagnosed class of lung cancer. Cisplatin (DDP) is an effective drug for NSCLC, but tumors are prone to drug resistance. The current study set out to evaluate the regulatory effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12) in extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on DDP resistance in NSCLC cells.