Validity of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (PPAQ-SF).

To develop and evaluate the validity of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (PPAQ-SF). A prospective cohort of participants (N=50) completed the updated PPAQ (long-form) and wore an ActiGraph for 7 days on the nondominant wrist in early, mid, and late pregnancy. The top ten questions with the highest relative contribution to the between-person variance in PPAQ-assessed total MET-hours/day were selected.

The Impact of a Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Postpartum Hispanic Women with Overweight and Obesity in a Randomized Controlled Trial (Proyecto Mamá).

Introduction: Maternal overweight or obesity has been associated with metabolic syndrome through 1 year postpartum, but it remains unknown whether a culturally-modified, motivationally-targeted, and individually-tailored Lifestyle Intervention could improve postpartum cardiometabolic health among Hispanic women with overweight or obesity.

Methods: Proyecto Mamá was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Western Massachusetts from 2014 to 2020 in which Hispanic women with overweight/obesity were randomized to a Lifestyle Intervention (LI) involving diet and exercise or to a comparison Health and Wellness Intervention (HW). Biomarkers of cardiovascular risk (i.

Malnutrition in hospitalized adults in the United States, 2016-2019.

Background: Malnutrition in hospitalized patients is associated increased length of stay, cost, readmission, and death. No recent studies have examined trends in prevalence or outcomes of hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of malnutrition.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of malnutrition diagnostic codes and associated hospital outcomes in the United States between 2016 and 2019.

Trends in Initial Anticoagulation Among US Patients Hospitalized With Acute Pulmonary Embolism 2011-2020.

Study Objective: Guidelines recommend low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) rather than unfractionated heparin (UFH) for treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) given their efficacy and reduced risk of bleeding. Using data from a large consortium of US hospitals, we examined trends in initial anticoagulation among hospitalized patients diagnosed with acute PE.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of inpatient and observation cases between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2020, among individuals aged more than or equal to 18 years treated at acute care hospitals contributing data to the Premier Healthcare Database.

The impact of a lifestyle intervention on postpartum weight retention among US Hispanic women with overweight and obesity.

Introduction: To evaluate the effect of a culturally-modified, motivationally-targeted, individually-tailored lifestyle intervention on postpartum weight retention among Hispanic women with overweight/obesity.

Materials And Methods: Proyecto Mamá was a randomized controlled trial conducted in western Massachusetts (2014-2020). Hispanic women with overweight/obese pre-pregnancy BMI (n = 148) were randomized in early pregnancy to a Lifestyle Intervention (LI) or a Health & Wellness (HW) comparison arm.

Racial Differences in 1-Year Mortality after Hospitalization for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States.

One quarter of Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) die within 1 year. Although overall mortality rates are higher among White patients with COPD, racial and ethnic differences in the vulnerable period following hospitalization are unknown. To determine the association between race and ethnicity and mortality following COPD hospitalization and to evaluate the extent to which differences are explained by clinical, geographic, socioeconomic, and post-acute care factors among Medicare beneficiaries in the United States.

The Impact of a Lifestyle Intervention on Postpartum Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Hispanic Women With Abnormal Glucose Tolerance During Pregnancy: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial.

Background: Women with abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy are at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), with higher rates among Hispanics. However, studies on the impact of lifestyle interventions on postpartum CVD profiles are sparse.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a controlled trial among a subsample of Hispanic women with abnormal glucose tolerance participating in Estudió PARTO (Project Aiming to Reduce Type twO diabetes; mean age = 28.

Treatment of pediatric behavioral health patients with intravenous and intramuscular chemical restraints: Results from a nationwide sample of emergency departments.

Background: Behavioral health crises in pediatric emergency department (ED) patients are increasingly common. Chemical restraints can be utilized for patients who present imminent danger to self or others. We sought to describe the use of intravenous (IV)/intramuscular (IM) chemical restraints for pediatric behavioral health ED patients across a nationwide sample of hospitals and describe factors associated with restraint use.

Promoting Participation in Pulmonary Rehabilitation after Hospitalization for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Strategies of Top-performing Systems: A Qualitative Study.

Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) after hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recommended by guidelines; however, few patients participate, and rates vary between hospitals. To identify contextual factors and strategies that may promote participation in PR after hospitalization for COPD. Using a positive-deviance approach, we calculated hospital-specific rates of PR after hospitalization for COPD among a cohort of Medicare beneficiaries.

Strategies to Improve Enrollment and Participation in Pulmonary Rehabilitation Following a Hospitalization for COPD: RESULTS OF A NATIONAL SURVEY.

Purpose: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves outcomes for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, very few patients attend. We sought to describe strategies used to promote participation in PR after a hospitalization for COPD.

Methods: A random sample of 323 United States based PR programs was surveyed.

Update to the study protocol for an implementation-effectiveness trial comparing two education strategies for improving the uptake of noninvasive ventilation in patients with severe COPD exacerbation.

Background: There is strong evidence that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) improves the outcomes of patients hospitalized with severe COPD exacerbation, and NIV is recommended as the first-line therapy for these patients. Yet, several studies have demonstrated substantial variation in NIV use across hospitals, leading to preventable morbidity and mortality. In addition, prior studies suggested that efforts to increase NIV use in COPD need to account for the complex and interdisciplinary nature of NIV delivery and the need for team coordination.

The Relationship Between Governing Board Composition and Medicare Shared Savings Program Accountable Care Organizations Outcomes: an Observational Study.

Background: Early studies of Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) accountable care organizations (ACOs) suggested that physician leadership was an important driver of ACO success, but it is unknown whether the demographic and professional composition of current MSSP ACO governing boards is associated with ACOs' publicly reported outcomes.

Objective: To investigate whether governing boards with higher physician participation and greater female involvement have better outcomes.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Association between Initiation of Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Rehospitalizations in Patients Hospitalized with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Although clinical trials have found that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) can reduce the risk of readmissions after hospitalization for a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, less is known about PR's impact in routine clinical practice. To evaluate the association between initiation of PR within 90 days of discharge and rehospitalization(s). We analyzed a retrospective cohort of Medicare beneficiaries (66 years of age or older) hospitalized for COPD in 2014 who survived at least 30 days after discharge.

The Impact of a Lifestyle Intervention on Postpartum Weight Retention Among At-Risk Hispanic Women.

Introduction: This study assesses the impact of a culturally modified, motivationally targeted, individually tailored intervention on postpartum weight retention among Hispanic women with abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy.

Methods: Estudio Parto (Project Aiming to Reduce Type twO diabetes) was an RCT conducted in Western Massachusetts (collected 2013‒2017, analyzed 2018-2020). Hispanic women with blood glucose ≥140 mg/dL (7.

The Impact of a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention on Sleep Among Latina Postpartum Women.

Background: Poor sleep is associated with adverse outcomes among postpartum women. Exercise may improve sleep, but this has not been well examined in the postpartum period.

Purpose: To examine the impact of a culturally modified, individually tailored lifestyle intervention on sleep outcomes among postpartum Latina women.

Variation in Pediatric Asthmonia Diagnosis and Outcomes among Hospitalized Children.

Although <5% of children hospitalized with an asthma exacerbation have pneumonia that can be radiographically confirmed, at some hospitals, an asthma-pneumonia co-diagnosis is so common that the term "asthmonia" is used to describe the phenomenon. High rates of asthmonia diagnosis may incur unwarranted health care costs and contribute to unnecessary antibiotic prescribing. To characterize hospital variation in rates of pediatric asthmonia diagnosis and analyze associations between hospitals' asthmonia diagnosis rates and clinical outcomes.

A scoring system derived from electronic health records to identify patients at high risk for noninvasive ventilation failure.

Objective: To develop and validate a clinical risk prediction score for noninvasive ventilation (NIV) failure defined as intubation after a trial of NIV in non-surgical patients.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of a multihospital electronic health record database.

Patients: Non-surgical adult patients receiving NIV as the first method of ventilation within two days of hospitalization.

Outpatient Management of Patients Following Diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Objective: While guidelines recommend outpatient management of patients with low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE), little is known about the disposition of patients with PE diagnosed in United States emergency departments (EDs). We sought to determine disposition practices and subsequent health care utilization in patients with acute PE in U.S.

Stress and Anxiety are Associated with Lower Gestational Weight Gain in Hispanic Women.

Objective: Prior studies indicate that inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with poor maternal and infant outcomes, and that stress and anxiety may contribute to GWG. However, these studies often failed to use validated measures of stress and anxiety, measured only total GWG, and were limited to largely non-Hispanic White populations. We explored the association between stress and anxiety and GWG.

Inflammation in Relation to Intensity and Duration of Cigarette Smoking Among People Living with HIV.

Both inflammation and smoking are independent predictors of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV (PLHIV). As smoking burden is likely to exacerbate inflammation, we tested the hypothesis that higher intensity and longer duration of smoking are positively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP, an inflammatory marker) among 284 PLHIV in Kathmandu, Nepal. We measured smoking status, intensity of smoking, smoking duration, and CRP concentrations.

Use of Vasoactive Medications after Cardiac Surgery in the United States.

Patients undergoing cardiac surgery often require vasopressor or inotropic ("vasoactive") medications, but patterns of postoperative use are not well described. This study aimed to describe vasoactive medication administration throughout hospitalization for cardiac surgery, to identify patient- and hospital-level factors associated with postoperative use, and to quantify variation in treatment patterns among hospitals. Retrospective study using the Premier Healthcare Database.

The impact of a randomized controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention on postpartum physical activity among at-risk hispanic women: Estudio PARTO.

Aims: To assess the impact of a culturally modified, motivationally targeted, individually-tailored intervention on postpartum physical activity (PA) and PA self-efficacy among Hispanic women.

Methods: Estudio PARTO was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Western Massachusetts from 2013-17. Hispanic women who screened positive for gestational diabetes mellitus were randomized to a Lifestyle Intervention (LI, n = 100) or to a comparison Health and Wellness (HW, n = 104) group during late pregnancy.

Prenatal Depression and Risk of Short Interpregnancy Interval in a Predominantly Puerto Rican Population.

Short interpregnancy interval (IPI) is associated with risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, few studies have evaluated the role of depression as a risk factor for short IPI. Puerto Rican women in the United States experience disparities in adverse birth outcomes and have the highest birth rates. We analyzed the association between prenatal depressive symptoms and IPI in Proyecto Buena Salud, a prospective cohort of predominantly Puerto Rican women in Western Massachusetts (2006-2011).