Mental Health Treatment Reported by US Workers before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: United States (2019-2020).

The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a significant and unprecedented exacerbation of community mental health challenges. We compared the prevalence of mental health treatment (MHT) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among US workers. Self-reported MHT data (N = 30,680) were obtained from the Sample Adult data of the National Health Interview Survey (2019 and 2020).

Association Between the Metabolic Syndrome and Retinal Microvascular Diameters Among Police Officers.

Objectives: We examined the associations of the metabolic syndrome severity score (MSSS) and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) components with central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE).

Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 253 officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress study (2011-2014). The MSSS is a z -score that represents the severity of MetSyn and was estimated using a sex/race-specific equation and the five MetSyn components.

Working hours, sleep, and fatigue in the public safety sector: A scoping review of the research.

Background: The public safety sector includes law enforcement officers (LEO), corrections officers (CO), firefighter service (FF), wildland firefighting (WFF), and emergency medical services (EMS), as defined in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Across these occupations, shiftwork, long-duration shifts, and excessive overtime are common. Our objective was to identify research gaps related to working hours, sleep, and fatigue among these workers.

Learning from Scarce Information: Using Synthetic Data to Classify Roman Fine Ware Pottery.

In this article, we consider a version of the challenging problem of learning from datasets whose size is too limited to allow generalisation beyond the training set. To address the challenge, we propose to use a transfer learning approach whereby the model is first trained on a synthetic dataset replicating features of the original objects. In this study, the objects were smartphone photographs of near-complete Roman pottery vessels from the collection of the Museum of London.

Prevalence of Self-Reported Prescription Opioid Use and Illicit Drug Use Among U.S. Adults: NHANES 2005-2016.

Objective: To estimate the self-reported prevalence of prescription opioid use and illicit drug use in the United States.

Methods: Self-reported prescription opioid use and illicit drug use (mostly nonopioid) were obtained for adults and adult workers (NHANES 2005-2016).

Results: Prevalence (95% CI) of prescription opioid use was 6.

Shift Work Adaptation Among Police Officers: The BCOPS Study.

Few studies have examined shiftwork adaptation among police officers or potential differences in disease biomarkers among adapted and maladapted shiftworkers. This study characterized shiftwork adaptation among 430 police officers from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) study. Police officers working fixed night shifts with symptoms characteristic of adaptation and maladaptation were identified using latent class analysis (n = 242).

An analysis of shiftwork and self-reported depressive symptoms in a police cohort from Buffalo, New York.

Shiftwork has been associated with elevated depressive symptoms; police officers frequently work shifts and may experience depressive symptoms. This study assessed the association between depressive symptoms and shiftwork in a police cohort from Buffalo, New York, USA using a repeated cross-sectional design with data collected in 2004-2009 (n = 428) and 2010-2014 (n = 261). Electronic payroll records were used to quantitatively classify officers on the day, evening, or night shift based on the shift they spent most of their working hours.

Temporal trends in prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors among U.S. older workers: NHIS 2004-2018.

Purpose: This study examined trends in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors among U.S. older adults and workers.

Police stress and depressive symptoms: role of coping and hardiness.

Purpose –: Chronic exposure to occupational stress may lead to depressive symptoms in police officers. The association between police stress and depressive symptoms and the potential influences of coping and hardiness were evaluated. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Current work hours and coronary artery calcification (CAC): The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Background: Long work hours may be associated with adverse outcomes, including cardiovascular disease. We investigated cross-sectional associations of current work hours with coronary artery calcification (CAC).

Methods: Participants (n = 3046; 54.

Association of occupational stress with waking, diurnal, and bedtime cortisol response in police officers.

Objective: Police officers have higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality than the U.S. general population.

Depressive Symptoms Among Police Officers: Associations with Personality and Psychosocial Factors.

Protective psychosocial factors may reduce the risk of stress-related illnesses in policing. We assessed the association between protective factors and depressive symptoms among 242 police officers. Participants were from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) Study (2004-2014).

Effort-Reward Imbalance and Overcommitment at Work: Associations With Police Burnout.

The present study examined associations of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and over-commitment at work with burnout among police officers using data from 200 (mean age = 46 years, 29% women) officers enrolled in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study. ERI and overcommitment were assessed using Siegrist's "effort/reward" questionnaire. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was used to assess burnout and its three subscales (exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy).

Sleep quality and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) among law enforcement officers: The moderating role of leisure time physical activity.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the role of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) on the association between sleep quality and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) in people with an occupation that exposes them to high levels of stress.

Methods: Participants were 275 police officers (age = 42 years ± 8.3, 27% women) enrolled in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) study (conducted between 2004 and 2009).

Effort-reward imbalance in police work: associations with the cortisol awakening response.

Purpose: We hypothesized that effort-reward imbalance (ERI) is associated with an atypical cortisol response. ERI has been associated with higher job stress. Stress triggers cortisol secretion via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and significant deviation from a typical cortisol pattern can indicate HPA axis dysfunction.

Association Between Blood Pressure and Retinal Vessel Diameters Among Police Officers in the US Northeast.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine relationships of blood pressure with central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) among 242 police officers.

Methods: Computerized retinal images of each eye were taken. Mean values of CRAE and CRVE were compared across hypertension status categories using analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.