Brain microRNA profiles after exposure to heroin in rats.

Heroin addiction is one of the neuropsychiatric burdens that affects many genetic and epigenetic systems. While it is known that heroin may change the expressions of some genes in the brain during dependence, there is no detailed study related to which gene are mostly affected. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to determine alterations in the miRNA profiles of rats' brains for providing a detailed analysis of molecular mechanisms in heroin addiction-related toxicology.

Evaluation of an Opioid-free Pathway for Perineal Reconstructive Surgery: A 1-year Pilot Study.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of a standardized perioperative pain management pathway on postoperative opioid prescribing practices following male perineal reconstructive surgery at our institution.

Methods: Patients undergoing perineal reconstructive surgery (urethroplasty, artificial urinary sphincter, urethral sling) by a single surgeon from July 2022 to June 2023 were prospectively followed. A standardized nonopioid pathway was implemented in the perioperative period.

Effects of Different Crystalloid Fluids on Renal Tissue in an Experimental Model of Hemorrhagic Shock.

Objective: The type of fluid that should be used in uncontrollable hemorrhages remains an area of research. This study was designed to compare the effects of resuscitation with Ringer's lactate (RL) solution versus a normal saline (NS) solution on hemodynamics, renal tissue histopathology, coagulation, and apoptosis in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: The study employed groups designated as the control, hemorrhage, NS, and RL groups.

Investigation of the miR-637 and miR-523-5p as candidate biomarkers in breast cancer.

Objectives: The distinction of benign lesions from malign tumors is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancers.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of miRNAs as plasma biomarkers for the discrimination of malign and benign breast tumors.

Methods: Whole blood samples obtained from 40 individuals in 3 groups designated as invasive ductal carcinoma group, fibroadenoma group and healthy controls were included in this study.

Clostridium sordellii: A Cause of Toxic Shock Syndrome After a Breach in the GI Tract.

is a highly virulent microorganism that causes serious infections, most commonly of the uterus and perineum. It has a high associated mortality rate due to the various toxins that it produces. A review of the literature suggests that knowledge surrounding its proper management is limited.

Computerized Games versus Crosswords Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) increases the risk of dementia. The efficacy of cognitive training in patients with MCI is unclear.

Methods: In a two-site, single-blinded, 78-week trial, participants with MCI - stratified by age, severity (early/late MCI), and site - were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of intensive, home-based, computerized training with Web-based cognitive games or Web-based crossword puzzles, followed by six booster sessions.

The Serious Side of Supplements: An Ischemic Stroke in a Healthy 38-year-old Female.

The incidence of ischemic stroke in the young is on the rise. With young stroke victims, providers must consider both typical risk factors and other rare causes. We present a case of a healthy, 38-year-old female military dependent who presented with an ischemic right posterior central gyrus stroke in the setting of a patent foramen ovale and supplement diindolylmethane use.

Quantification of cell-free circulating mitochondrial DNA copy number variation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary malignant liver tumor. Mitochondrial DNA copy number has been shown to be associated with various malignancies. However, there has not been any study on the absolute quantification of mtDNA copy number in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Can miRNA Expression Levels Predict Treatment Resistance to Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a psychiatric disorder with different clinical manifestations caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Recently, it has been shown that microRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of some psychiatric diseases. We aimed to compare the expression levels of microRNAs between obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and healthy controls and investigate the association between miRNA expression levels and treatment resistance.

Transcriptomic analysis of asymptomatic and symptomatic severe Turkish patients in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), leading to mild infection (MI), acute respiratory distress syndrome or death in different persons. Although the basis of these variabilities has not been fully elucidated, some possible findings have been encountered. In the present study, we aimed to reveal genes with different expression profiles by next-generation sequencing of RNA isolated from blood taken from infected patients to reveal molecular causes of different response.

Comparison of MED 12 gene mutation and microRNA-124 expression in leiomyoma and myometrium of Turkish patients.

Objectives: It is believed that there are still unclear areas in the formation mechanism of leiomyomas. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the formation mechanisms of leiomyomas due to local MED 12 gene exon 2 mutation and local microRNA-124 expression in a Turkish population.

Material And Methods: Thirty patients who underwent hysterectomy for leiomyoma uteri at Gaziantep University between January 2013 and January 2016 were included in our study.

Investigation of Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I gene variants in patients with coronary heart disease with a history of early myocardial infarction.

Objective: The scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI, SCARB1), which is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor that mediates selective cholesteryl ester uptake, plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport. This study investigated the distribution of polymorphic variants of the SR-BI gene in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with a history of early myocardial infarction (MI) at an early age and their effects on their serum lipid levels.

Methods: SR-BI rs5888(T>C), rs4238001(C>T), and rs10846744(G>C) were analyzed in 100 male patients with CHD with a history of MI (MI+) who were younger than 50 years and 89 male control subjects without MI history (MI-) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mutant-allele-specific PCR techniques.

A novel insight into differential expression profiles of sporadic cerebral cavernous malformation patients with different symptoms.

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular lesion of the central nervous system that may lead to distinct symptoms among patients including cerebral hemorrhages, epileptic seizures, focal neurologic deficits, and/or headaches. Disease-related mutations were identified previously in one of the three CCM genes: CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3. However, the rate of these mutations in sporadic cases is relatively low, and new studies report that mutations in CCM genes may not be sufficient to initiate the lesions.

Schedule Thinning Following Functional Communication Training: Effects of Chained and Multiple Schedules.

Functional communication training (FCT) is used to reduce rates of problem behavior by teaching communicative responses that access functionally equivalent reinforcers. During FCT, the communicative response is typically placed on a dense schedule of reinforcement that is unlikely to be maintained in the natural environment. Experiment 1 evaluated the effects of two schedule-thinning procedures (chained schedules and multiple schedules) on problem behavior maintained by escape from demands for three participants following FCT.

Evaluation of MicroRNA-124 Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

The Wingless/INT (WNT) signaling network has roles in renal cancer development. It was shown that the tumor-suppressor microRNA-124 (miR-124) is associated with the Wnt pathway. Thus, we aimed to measure miR-124 expression levels to evaluate whether it is a prognostic marker or a potential treatment strategy.

Central Apolipoprotein A-IV Stimulates Thermogenesis in Brown Adipose Tissue.

Stimulation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) could have far-reaching health benefits in combatting obesity and obesity-related complications. Apolipoprotein A-IV (ApoA-IV), produced by the gut and the brain in the presence of dietary lipids, is a well-known short-term satiating protein. While our previous studies have demonstrated reduced diet-induced thermogenesis in ApoA-IV-deficient mice, it is unclear whether this reduction is due to a loss of peripheral or central effects of ApoA-IV.

The role of the serum exosomal and endometrial microRNAs in recurrent implantation failure.

Objective: It has been identified that endometrium specific microRNAs have different expression levels in endometrial tissues and maternal serum during endometrial cycle. The aim of this study was to analyze microRNA expression levels in recurrent implantation failure patients and healthy controls endometrial samples for enlightening the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. The second aim was to search for a potential noninvasive molecular biomarker in early diagnosis and treatment of Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) patients.

Role of mir-33a, mir-203b, mir361-3p, and mir-424 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancer types. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding regulatory RNAs that function posttranscriptionally. miRNA deregulation was observed in the development and progression of HCC.

SARS-CoV-2 Presence in the Saliva, Tears, and Cerumen of COVID-19 Patients.

Objectives/hypothesis: The emergence of a new coronavirus strain (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 from China led to a global pandemic. The lack of herd immunity against this virus and the possibility of viral spread from asymptomatic individuals is still a major challenge for the prevention of viral transmission. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the virus in different bodily secretions as a potential source of viral spread among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.