Asthma Symptoms Mimicking Myofibroblastic Tracheal Tumor in Pediatric Diagnosis.

Tracheal tumors in pediatric patients are rare, accounting for 2% of all airway abnormalities and 0.2% of all pediatric tumors. Diagnosis is often delayed due to the heterogeneity of presenting symptoms, such as stridor and wheezing, which are frequently misattributed to other conditions.

Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for primary and secondary CNS lymphomas.

Central nervous system lymphomas (CNSL) are a heterogeneous group of generally aggressive tumors whose prognosis varies significantly, being more favorable in patients with primary disease and poorer in those with secondary lymphoma. Current treatments typically involve intensive chemotherapy followed by consolidation with autologous stem cell transplantation or whole-brain radiotherapy. However, if the disease relapses, there is no established standard of care.

Sex differences in the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease: post hoc analyses of the RENAAL and IDNT trials.

Aims/hypothesis: Our aim was to assess sex differences in the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers (i.e. losartan and irbesartan) on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.

Integrated Mental Health Care in Specialty Clinics for Children with a Diagnosis of Asthma or Diabetes: A Mixed Methods Study.

Introduction: Using patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) in a shared-space mental health-integrated specialty clinic, we explored the feasibility, acceptance, and experience of youth with asthma and diabetes, their families, and the healthcare team.

Method: Using mixed methods, we examined feasibility, acceptability, and experience of PROM inclusion in caring for youth with asthma (n = 7) and diabetes (n = 11), their families (n = 18), and healthcare providers (n = 13). Completion and receipt of PROM (feasibility), postvisit surveys (acceptance), and structured interviews (experience) between June 2019 and February 2020.

A new occurrence of hydrous andradite within pyroclastic rocks of the Sierra De Bahoruco, Dominican Republic.

The titanium-bearing (up to 3.31 wt% TiO) hydrous andradite [CaNaKFe][Fe AlTiFeMgVMn]SiO(OH) was identified within intensely altered and weathered pyroclastic rocks in the Sierra de Bahoruco region in the Dominican Republic. It forms small isolated euhedral crystals, infillings of fissures and fractures, and large polycrystalline aggregates, in close paragenesis with clinochlore and calcite.

Enhanced photorespiratory and TCA pathways by elevated CO to manage ammonium nutrition in tomato leaves.

Plants grown under exclusive ammonium (NH) nutrition have high carbon (C) demand to sustain proper nitrogen (N) assimilation and energy required for plant growth, generally impaired when compared to nitrate (NO) nutrition. Thereby, the increment of the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) concentration, in the context of climate change, will potentially allow plants to better face ammonium nutrition. In this work, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.

Viroid-like colonists of human microbiomes.

Here, we describe "obelisks," a class of heritable RNA elements sharing several properties: (1) apparently circular RNA ∼1 kb genome assemblies, (2) predicted rod-like genome-wide secondary structures, and (3) open reading frames encoding a novel "Oblin" protein superfamily. A subset of obelisks includes a variant hammerhead self-cleaving ribozyme. Obelisks form their own phylogenetic group without detectable similarity to known biological agents.

Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of OSA-Related Cardiovascular Event Recurrence: A Post Hoc Analysis From the ISAACC Study.

Rationale: Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the impact of OSA on cardiovascular event (CVE) recurrence is not homogeneous. We previously defined a specific phenotype of first-ACS patients without previous cardiovascular disease who are at increased risk of OSA-related CVE recurrence. However, the pathobiological mechanisms whereby OSA leads to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in this singular ACS phenotype remain to be investigated.

Equity in Pediatric Hospital-Based Safety and Quality Improvement.

There are well-documented inequities in the quality of care and health outcomes of minoritized youth. Patient safety and quality improvement (QI) work with an equity focus has been identified as an important strategy to remedy these existing inequities. In this article, we will present evidence of inequities in pediatric hospital-based care, describe root causes with a focus on structural racism, highlight existing frameworks for applying equity principles to patient safety and QI, and provide best practices and recommendations on evaluating patient safety and QI data towards advancing equity in pediatric hospital-based care.

African American Patients' Perspectives on Determinants of Hemodialysis Adherence and Use of Motivational Interviewing to Improve Hemodialysis Adherence.

Introduction: Compared to White patients, African American (AA) patients have a four-fold higher prevalence of kidney failure and higher hemodialysis non-adherence. Adherence behaviors are influenced by psychosocial factors, including personal meaning of a behavior and self-confidence to enact it. We assessed perspectives of AA hemodialysis patients on unique factors impacting dialysis adherence, and use of motivational interviewing, an evidence-based intervention, to improve these factors, dialysis adherence, and outcomes in AAs.

A Precision Engineered Interleukin-2 for Bolstering CD8+ T- and NK-cell Activity without Eosinophilia and Vascular Leak Syndrome in Nonhuman Primates.

Unlabelled: We have created a precisely pegylated IL-2 [SAR-444245 (SAR'245) or pegenzileukin, previously THOR-707] designed for proliferation of target CD8+ T and NK cells for anticancer activity, with minimal expansion of anti-target regulatory CD4+ T cells (Treg) that counter their action, or eosinophils that trigger vascular leak syndrome (VLS). We performed in vivo studies in nonhuman primates (NHP) to monitor the safety of SAR'245, pharmacokinetic profile, and pharmacodynamic parameters including expansion of peripheral CD8+ T and NK cells, and effects on Tregs and eosinophils. Studies included multiple ascending dosing and repeat dosing with different regimens (QW, Q2W, Q3W and Q4W).

Natural variation in the adjustment of primary metabolism determines ammonium tolerance in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon.

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is essential to maximize crop production. However, around half of the applied N is lost to the environment, causing water and air pollution and contributing to climate change. Understanding the natural genetic and metabolic basis underlying plants N use efficiency is of great interest to attain an agriculture with less N demand and thus more sustainable.

Diversity and impact of single-stranded RNA viruses in Czech populations.

comprises some of the most devastating pathogens of conifers. Exploring virocontrol as a potential strategy to mitigate economic losses caused by these fungi holds promise for the future. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive screening for viruses in 98 .

Determination of regulated perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water according to Directive 2020/2184/EU.

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemical compounds that have been widely used in industry and manufacture. Occurrence, together with persistence and recent toxicological effects data, has promoted the regulation of 20 PFAS (carboxylic and sulfonic) acids in drinking water through the recent Directive 2020/2184/EU. This Regulation included PFAS with different carbon chain lengths (from C to C) and limited the total PFAS concentration (as sum) to a maximum of 0.

Utility of rest magnetocardiography in patients presenting to the emergency department with chest pain: A case series on the CardioFlux MCG.

Background: Magnetocardiography (MCG) may provide a rapid diagnostic option for patients presenting with chest pain in the emergency department (ED).

Case Summaries: This case series presents two instances from a multicenter study, where MCG could have served as a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic tool for chest pain patients. In both cases, multiple high-sensitivity troponin (hsTn) tests yielded incorrect evidence of ischemia.

Regulation of by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in IL-22-producing immune cells has sex-dependent consequential impact on colitis.

Introduction: Colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by immune cell dysregulation and alterations in the gut microbiome. In our previous report, we showed a natural product in cruciferous vegetables and ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), indole-3-carbinol (I3C), was able to reduce colitis-induced disease severity and microbial dysbiosis in an interleukin-22 (IL-22) dependent manner.

Methods: In the current study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) from colonocytes during colitis induction and supplementation with I3C and show how this treatment alters expression of genes involved in IL-22 signaling.

County-Level Structural Vulnerabilities in Maternal Health and Geographic Variation in Infant Mortality.

Objective: To evaluate whether community factors that differentially affect the health of pregnant people contribute to geographic differences in infant mortality across the US.

Study Design: This retrospective cohort study sought to characterize the association of a novel composite measure of county-level maternal structural vulnerabilities, the Maternal Vulnerability Index (MVI), with risk of infant death. We evaluated 11 456 232 singleton infants born at 22 0 of 7 through 44 6 of 7 weeks' gestation from 2012 to 2014.

National cost savings, operational and safety benefits from use of magnetocardiography in the assessment of emergency department chest pain patients.

Study Objectives: Patients frequently present to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain requiring further risk stratification. Traditional cardiac diagnostics such as stress testing may expose patients to ionizing radiation, may not be readily available, may take significant time for testing and interpretation, and adds cost to the workup. Magnetocardiography (MCG) is an alternative approach to assess candidates more quickly and efficiently than routine downstream testing.

Prognostic significance of exercise stress echocardiography using two and three diastolic variable approaches.

Background: The prognostic utility of comprehensive, guideline-defined assessment of diastolic measures during routine exercise echocardiography remains unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to pragmatically assess the prognostic role of obtainable Doppler-derived diastolic variables during treadmill exercise echocardiography.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the authors included 1910 patients undergoing exercise echocardiography.

Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cell Therapy in Elderly Patients: Multicentric Real-World Experience from GETH-TC/GELTAMO.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B cell lymphoma (LBCL). However, elderly patients might not be candidates for this therapy due to its toxicity, and criteria for candidate selection are lacking. Our aim was to analyze efficacy and toxicity results of CAR-T cell therapy in the population of patients 70 years and older as compared to those obtained in younger patients in the real-world setting.