Comparative study of cytokine content in the plasma and wound exudate from children with severe burns.

The content of 27 cytokines was measured in blood plasma from 19 children with severe uncomplicated burns (group 1) and complicated burns (septic toxemia, toxemia, and pneumonia; group 2). Before surgical treatment (day 4 (+/-2) after burn), significant differences were found in the concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, MCP-1, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Cytokine concentration in group 2 patients was much higher than in group 1 patients and healthy children.

Activity of antioxidant enzymes in the wound in patients with deep burns.

Analysis of wound discharge in children with deep burns over 3 weeks after the injury revealed gradual increase in catalase activity. The increase in activities of myeloperoxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and catalase was maximum in patients with the most severe burns. Local complications were observed during the period of maximum myeloperoxidase activity, while the beginning of epithelialization was associated with its reduction.

[Antioxidant enzymes in skin experimental burn trauma].

The effect of experimental burn trauma (20%) on myeloperoxidase (MPO) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPO), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)) was studied in unburned skin, epidermis (20 mm from the burned area) and the wound tissue of rats. The most common features were the increase of MPO on the 1st day and a delayed increase of GPO and GST after the 4th day. The additional operations (necrectomy) and lipopolysaccharide administration induced marked inflammatory reaction in skin and epidermis (evaluated by the increase in MPO and GPO/GST activities).

Preventive and therapeutic effect of complex antioxidant preparation in rats with burn trauma.

The production of blood radicals and activity of superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes increased in rats with contact burn trauma (20%). In animals with burn trauma antioxidant activity of the plasma was much lower, while myeloperoxidase content in the lung tissue and epidermis was higher than in control rats. The complex of antioxidants (Immudzhen) inhibited radical generation at the peak of inflammation (day 4), increased antioxidant activity of the plasma, and normalized myeloperoxidase content in the lung tissue.

Wound-healing effect of papaya-based preparation in experimental thermal trauma.

Treatment with the phytopreparation from papaya accelerated wound healing and reduced the severity of local inflammation in rats with burn wounds. The effect of this phytopreparation can be related to an increase in the effectiveness of intracellular bacterial killing by tissue phagocytes due to the inhibition of bacterial catalase. Antioxidant activity of the preparation decreases the risk of oxidative damage to tissues.

[Changes in reactivity of the contractile system of the small intestine caused by disturbed parasympathetic innervation].

We studied the role of parasympathetic division of vegetative nervous system in regulation of the intestine activity in rats subjected to bilateral subdiaphragmal vagotomy, the response of the neuromuscular apparatus of the small intestine to stimulation by aceclydine taken as an example. Intravenous injection of aceclydine (0.5 mg/kg) into intact animals is accompanied by characteristics changes in the electrical and contractile activities of the intestine, which reflect its enhanced motor activity.

[Prophylaxis, diagnosis and surgical treatment of adhesions in the abdominal cavity of children].

The clinical and experimental study of postoperative complications of suppurative peritonitis (the pathologic commissure formation) has been done. The authors believe that the combination of the break of cytodynamic correlation in peritonitis centre and GIT paresis is a basis of pathogenesis of the process. The authors advocate combination of anticomissural preventive stern with cytomodulation and GIT paresis treatment.

[The current methods for the prevention, diagnosis and surgical treatment of the adhesive complications of peritonitis in children].

The paper is based on clinical and experimental findings of one of the postoperative complications of purulent peritonitis, namely adhesion formation. The authors consider that impaired cytodynamic relationship in the focus of peritonitis concurrent with gastrointestinal paresis underlie the pathogenesis of the above-mentioned complication. In this connection, the authors propose a set of anti-adhesive measures, which involves prodigiosane cytomodulation and differential treatment of enteroparesis.

[The diagnosis of motor disorders of the small intestine in peritonitis in children and the rationale for pathogenetic methods of correction].

The work deals with the results of experimental (200 animals) and clinical (20 patients) study into the role of the efferent link of the autonomic nervous system in regulating motor activity of the small intestine and the possibility of using direct electroenteromyography in the diagnosis of the stages of paresis and the degree of motor disorders in peritonitis. The pathogenetic methods of treatment of intestinal paresis are substantiated. Medicamentous stimulation of the cholinergic nervous system in peritonitis is effective only when intactness of the intramural ganglia is maintained, in which case the electroenteromyographic test with neostigmine methylsulfate or cerucal may be conducted.