The Accuracy of Transurethral Bladder Resection in Detecting Bladder Cancer Histological Variants and Their Prognostic Value at Radical Cystectomy.

Objectives: to investigate the accuracy of transurethral resection of bladder tumours (TURBT) in detecting histological variants (BHV) at radical cystectomy (RC) and to evaluate the impact of TURBT before cystectomy on oncological outcomes.

Methods: Data of 410 consecutive RCs were assessed. Positive and negative predictive values were used to assess the accuracy of TURBT in detecting BHV.

Isolated ureteral malakoplakia: A conservative endoscopic approach with a strict follow-up.

Ureteral malakoplakia is a rare pathological entity. We report the case of a 54-years-old woman with a single ureteral malakoplakic lesion. Patient presented with history of recurrent urinary tract infections and asymptomatic dilatation of right pelvis.

Oncological outcomes of concomitant carcinoma in situ at radical cystectomy in pure urothelial bladder cancer and in histological variants.

Introduction: The presence of carcinoma in situ at transurethral resection is known to increase the risk of recurrence and progression to invasive disease. However, the evidence regarding the prognostic role of concomitant carcinoma in situ after radical cystectomy due to bladder cancer is controversial. Moreover, concomitant carcinoma in situ was found to be significantly associated with bladder histological variants.

Applicability of COVID-19 Pandemic Recommendations for Urology Practice: Data from Three Major Italian Hot Spots (BreBeMi).

Background: Lombardy has been the first and one of the most affected European regions during the first and second waves of the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]).

Objective: To evaluate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on all urologic activities over a 17-wk period in the three largest public hospitals in Lombardy located in the worst hit area in Italy, and to assess the applicability of the authorities' recommendations provided for reorganising urology practice.

Design Setting And Participants: A retrospective analysis of all urologic activities performed at three major public hospitals in Lombardy (Brescia, Bergamo, and Milan), from January 1 to April 28, 2020, was performed.

The impact of histological variants on outcomes after open radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer: results from a single tertiary referral centre.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of histological variants on oncological outcomes of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with open radical cystectomy and furthermore to determine any association between survival and each histotype of bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: Data from 525 consecutive patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy between January 2008 and May 2019 were collected retrospectively. The Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable analysis addressed the role of histological variants in recurrence, cancer-specific and overall mortality between all subgroups.

Complication rate after cystectomy following pelvic radiotherapy: an international, multicenter, retrospective series of 682 cases.

Purpose: Conflicting evidence exists on the complication rates after cystectomy following previous radiation (pRTC) with only a few available series. We aim to assess the complication rate of pRTC for abdominal-pelvic malignancies.

Methods: Patients treated with radical cystectomy following any previous history of RT and with available information on complications for a minimum of 1 year were included.

Difference in Frequency and Distribution of Nodal Metastases Between Intermediate and High Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: Results of a Superextended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection.

To evaluate the frequency and distribution of pelvic nodes metastases, in intermediate-high risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients (pts), who underwent open radical prostatectomy (ORP) and superextended pelvic lymph node dissection (sePLND). We retrospectively evaluated 630 consecutive pts with clinically localized, intermediate-high risk PCa, treated with ORP and sePLND from 2009 to 2016 at a single institution. The sePLND always removed all nodal/fibro-fatty tissue of the internal iliac, external iliac, obturator, common iliac, and presacral regions.

The Impact of Perioperative Blood Transfusion on Survival of Bladder Cancer Patients Submitted to Radical Cystectomy: Role of Anemia Status.

Background: The prognostic role of perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) in patients who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BCa), although supported by clinical evidence, still remains to be assessed definitively.

Objective: To investigate the impact of PBT on RC patients for overall survival and after stratifying according to preoperative anemia status and to define whether the oncologic impact may be assumed to be a primary effect of PBT or attributed to the reduced preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) level.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 1490 consecutive patients with nonmetastatic BCa who underwent RC and pelvic lymph node dissection between January 1990 and August 2013 at a single referral center entered the study.

Conventional testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and non-obstructive azoospermia: is there still a chance in the era of microdissection TESE? Results from a single non-academic community hospital.

Spermatozoa can be retrieved in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients despite the absence of ejaculated spermatozoa in their semen because of the presence of isolated foci with active spermatogenesis. Conventional testicular sperm extraction (c-TESE) in patients with NOA has been partially replaced by micro-TESE. It is still under debate the problem regarding the higher costs related to micro-TESE when compared with c-TESE.

Potential Effect of Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapy on the Timing of the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer.

Background: The most common presenting symptom of bladder cancer (BCa) is hematuria. The present study was designed to define whether patients taking antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant drugs might experience hematuria at an earlier stage or grade of BCa.

Patients And Methods: The data from 1532 consecutive patients who presented to the emergency unit of our institute from 2004 to 2012 because of gross hematuria as a single symptom were evaluated.

Comparing long-term outcomes of primary and progressive carcinoma invading bladder muscle after radical cystectomy.

Objective: To assess the impact of primary or progressive status on recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and overall mortality (OM) after radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle- invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 768 consecutive patients underwent RC as treatment for MIBC at our institution between 2000 and 2012. Primary MIBC was defined as no previous history of bladder cancer and progressive was defined as recorded previous treated non-MIBC (NMIBC) that had progressed to MIBC.

Oncological predictive value of the 2004 World Health Organisation grading classification in primary T1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. A step forward or back?

Objective: To compare the clinical reliability of the 1973 and 2004 World Health Organisation (WHO) classification systems in pT1 bladder cancer.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 291 consecutive patients who had pT1 high grade bladder cancer between 2004 and 2011. All tumours were simultaneously evaluated by a single uro-pathologist as high grade and G2 or G3.

Fifteen-year single-centre experience with three different surgical procedures of nerve-sparing cystectomy in selected organ-confined bladder cancer patients.

Objectives: To evaluate technical feasibility and oncologic and functional outcomes of three different surgical procedures of nerve-sparing radical cystectomy (NS-RC) for the treatment of organ-confined bladder cancer at a single referral centre.

Materials And Methods: All consecutive cases of NS-RC carried out between 1997 and 2012 were retrospectively analysed. NS-RC included nerve-sparing cysto-vesicleprostatectomy (NS-CVP), capsule-sparing cystectomy (CS-C) and seminal-sparing cysto-prostatectomy (SS-CP).

Effects of Difaprost® on voiding dysfunction, histology and inflammation markers in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who are candidates for surgical treatment.

Aim: Although previous studies assessed the effects of Serenoa repens, quercetin and β-sitosterol on inflammatory parameters, no randomized studies have tested the combination of these agents neither on BPH symptoms nor on the inflammatory pattern. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the effects of Difaprost® on voiding dysfunction, histological inflammatory alterations and apoptotic molecular mechanisms in BPH patients.

Methods: We included 36 patients affected by BPH with obstructive symptoms eligible for surgery.

Impact of preoperative thrombocytosis on pathological outcomes and survival in patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder carcinoma.

Aim: To investigate the impact of preoperative platelet count on pathological findings at the time of Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer and postoperative cancer-specific and overall survival.

Patients And Methods: A total of 906 consecutive patients treated with Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer between 1995 and 2012 at a tertiary referral Center were included in the study. Thrombocytosis was defined as >400,000 platelets/μl, in agreement with the standard assumed by the central laboratory of our Institution.

Ureteral endometriosis: proposal for a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm with a review of the literature.

Introduction: The ureteral involvement in deep pelvic endometriosis in usually asymptomatic and might lead to a silent loss of renal function. As a matter of fact, the diagnosis and the treatment modalities are still a matter of debate.

Materials And Methods: We performed a literature review by searching the MEDLINE database for articles published in English between 1996 and 2010, using the key words urinary tract endometriosis, ureteral endometriosis, diagnosis and treatment.

[When the conservative treatment in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients should be abandoned].

Despite the good quality of treatment expected with optimized transurethral resection (TUR) and adjuvant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) regimen, many high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients recur and progress. According to the EORTC Tables of risk, cases with a score of 10-17 and those with a score of 7-23 should be considered as being at high risk of recurrence and progression, respectively. AUA and NCCN consider all T1 stage tumors, high grade Ta and CIS at high risk of recurrence and progression.

Delay in seeking medical help in patients with new-onset erectile dysfunction remained high over and despite the PDE5 era--an ecological study.

Introduction: It is common knowledge among researchers that erectile dysfunction (ED) is an important sentinel marker of cardiovascular and overall men's health.

Aim: Determine whether the delay of time between ED onset and seeking medical help (DSH), considered as a proxy of awareness of the importance of ED for overall men's health, has shortened during the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5) era.

Methods: Complete data from 619 patients seeking first medical help for new-onset ED as their primary disorder between July 2000 and July 2010 were analyzed (i.

Prostate saturation biopsy following a first negative biopsy: state of the art.

Introduction: Saturation prostate biopsy (SPBx) has been initially introduced to improve prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate (DR) in the repeat setting. Nevertheless, the optimal number and the most appropriate location of the cores, together with the timing to perform a second PBx and the eventual modification of the PBx protocols according to the different clinical situations, are matters of debate. The aim of this review is to perform a critical analysis of the literature about the actual role of SPBx in the repeat setting.

Diagnosis and treatment of bladder endometriosis: state of the art.

Background: The bladder is the most common affected site in urinary tract endometriosis, being diagnosed during gynecologic follow-up. The surgical urological treatment might lead to good results.

Study Objective: To define the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder endometriosis.

Neoadjuvant short-term intensive intravesical mitomycin C regimen compared with weekly schedule for low-grade recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: preliminary results of a randomised phase 2 study.

Background: The schedule for intravesical chemotherapy administration has not been definitively established in patients with low-grade recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Objective: To assess both the feasibility and the efficacy of a short-term intensive schedule of neoadjuvant intravesical chemotherapy in patients with recurrent NMIBC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A randomised phase 2 clinical study included 54 patients with recurrent NMIBC who were submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy intravesical instillations according to two different timing schedules.

Clinical reliability of the 2004 WHO histological classification system compared with the 1973 WHO system for Ta primary bladder tumors.

Purpose: Histopathological grade remains the most important predictive factor for the prognosis of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. We defined the clinical reliability of the 2004 WHO and International Society of Urological Pathology histological classification system compared with that of the 1973 WHO system for Ta primary bladder tumors.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated 270 consecutive patients with a first episode of low grade pTa bladder cancer at transurethral resection of the bladder between 2004 and 2008.