Contraceptive Counseling for the Transgender Patient Assigned Female at Birth.

Although almost 0.7% of the Brazilian population identifies as transgender, there is currently no training for healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care to these patients, including the discussion of reproductive planning. The use of testosterone promotes amenorrhea in the first months of use; however, this effect does not guarantee contraceptive efficacy, and, consequently, increases the risks of unplanned pregnancy.

Rapid development of broadly influenza neutralizing antibodies through redundant mutations.

The neutralizing antibody response to influenza virus is dominated by antibodies that bind to the globular head of haemagglutinin, which undergoes a continuous antigenic drift, necessitating the re-formulation of influenza vaccines on an annual basis. Recently, several laboratories have described a new class of rare influenza-neutralizing antibodies that target a conserved site in the haemagglutinin stem. Most of these antibodies use the heavy-chain variable region VH1-69 gene, and structural data demonstrate that they bind to the haemagglutinin stem through conserved heavy-chain complementarity determining region (HCDR) residues.

Assessment of efficacy and safety of pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza vaccine in a group of health care workers.

Introduction: The development in an extremely short time of an efficacious and safe vaccine against the pandemi A/H1N1 virus was a challenge that involved the entire scientific community.

Aims: To assess the immunological and clinical efficacy of the new H1N1v monovalent influenza vaccine (Focetria Novartis Vaccines, Siena, Italy) in a group of health care workers (HCWs).

Methods: A total of 148 volunteer HCWs were enrolled between Mid-Novembre 2009 and December 2009.

Risk of type 2 diabetes among HIV-infected and healthy subjects in Italy.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a growing problem in HIV population and a comparison with the general population may help screening and prevention. In this cross-sectional study the authors determined the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in 4,249 HIV-infected subjects attending the San Raffaele Infectious Diseases Department compared with 9,148 healthy controls recruited in 15 Italian regions, and identified risk factors associated with of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was defined as reported diabetes, a fasting plasma glucose concentration ≥7.

[Cardiovascular disease prevention: results from Programma FASEN - H San Raffaele].

We studied 9145 workers allocated among Italian country employed in the same factory. Most of them were male, mean age 47,6 (20,2 View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Ultrasonographic evaluation of gallbladder volume and contractility in diabetic patients of different ages.

Gallbladder volume and contractility were measured, by means of real-time ultrasonography, in 48 insulin treated diabetic patients free from autonomic neuropathy, and in 91 healthy control subjects. All controls and diabetic patients were on a isocaloric and balanced diet. Gallbladder measurements were taken after an overnight fast and again 60-75 minutes after each meal.

Effect of phototherapy on plasma levels of GH, LH and FSH in the newborn.

Plasma levels of GH, LH and FSH were measured in 74 three-day-old newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia before and after exposure to continuous phototherapy (PhT) for 48 h. The results obtained were compared with data observed over the same period of time in 46 newborn infants belonging to the control group having homogeneous characteristics as far as form of delivery (spontaneous), gestation age, chronological age, sex, birth weight and basal blood glucose were concerned, except hyperbilirubinemia and necessity of PhT. Hyperbilirubinemic female newborn showed higher plasma GH concentrations in comparison with hyperbilirubinemic males and with controls.

Inhibition of puerperal lactation by metergoline: interactions with methylergobasine maleate.

Metergoline, a prolactin (PRL) lowering drug, is used in the puerperal period to inhibit lactation. Methylergobasine maleate (MEM), widely employed in the puerperium to promote uterine contractions, has also been reported to decrease PRL release and to reduce lactation. To evaluate the possible interactions of the two drugs, groups of 6-11 puerperae each received no treatment, metergoline alone (8 or 12 mg/day for 5 days), MEM alone (0.

Metergoline versus bromocriptine in the prevention of puerperal lactation. A double-blind clinical trial.

In a double blind study of the prevention of puerperal lactation, the clinical efficacy of two antiprolactin drugs was compared: metergoline 4 mg tid and bromocriptine 2.5 mg bid were both given for 7 days. An additional 7 days of treatment was administered to 16 patients in whom mammary activity was still present or appeared in the following 3 days.

The effect of histamine and H1 and H2 receptors on prolactin and luteinizing hormone release in humans: sex differences and the role of stress.

The present experiments were performed to investigate the possible role of histamine and its receptors, H1 and H2, in the control of PRL and LH release in normal adult humans of both sexes. Histamine infusion (200 microgram, iv, in 15 min) induced PRL and LH release in men; in women, histamine inhibited LH release without affecting PRL release. Two H1 antagonists, dexchlorpheniramine (10 mg, iv) and promethazine (50 mg, im), reduced PRL release in both sexes, stimulated LH release in men, and inhibited LH release in women.

Interaction of dopaminergic and antiserotoninergic drugs in the control of prolactin and LH release in normal women.

Prolactin (Prl) release, both in the experimental animal and in man, is stimulated by serotonin (5HT) and inhibited by dopamine (DA). Data also suggest that LH release in the animal is stimulated by norepinephrine and inhibited by DA. The role of 5HT in the control of LH release is less clear.

Study on the reproducibility of human prolactin response to sulpiride, benserazide, insulin hypoglycaemia and arginine infusion.

In order to evaluate the spontaneous variability of prolactin (PRL) release in response to various stimuli applied repeatedly on different occasions, groups of 5 to 12 subjects each underwent consecutive identical tests with one of the following stimuli applied at 3-6 days' intervals: sulpiride (100 mg im), benserazide (50 mg po), insulin hypoglycaemia (0.1 U/kg b. w.