Reliability of Central Vein Sign Imaging With 3T FLAIR* in a Multicenter Study.

Background And Purpose: The central vein sign (CVS) is a diagnostic imaging biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). FLAIR* is a combined MRI contrast that provides high conspicuity for CVS at 3 Tesla (3T), enabling its sensitive and accurate detection in clinical settings. This study evaluated whether CVS conspicuity of 3T FLAIR* is reliable across imaging sites and MRI vendors and whether gadolinium (Gd) contrast increases CVS conspicuity.

The Scholarly Upside to MOC4.

Background: Many medical boards require quality improvement (QI) projects for Maintenance of Certification Part IV (MOC4) credits. The American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) allows health care organizations that can demonstrate sufficient QI standards to become Portfolio Program Sponsors. This enables internal review and approval of QI projects, crediting all sufficiently contributing physicians.

Incorporation of the central vein sign into the McDonald criteria.

Background: Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently relies on MRI dissemination in time (DIT) and space (DIS), as codified in 2017 McDonald criteria (McD 2017). The central vein sign (CVS) is a proposed MS diagnostic biomarker, but its optimal incorporation into McD 2017 has not been extensively studied.

Objective: Evaluate the diagnostic performance of several methods incorporating CVS into McD 2017 radiological DIS criteria.

Cortical Vision Impairment (CVI)-informed assessment and treatment of challenging behavior in a child with SCN2A-related disorder.

This report presents results of parent-implemented behavioral treatments for a child with cortical visual impairment (CVI), intellectual disability (ID), epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated with a pathogenic variant in the SCN2A gene (i.e., SCN2A-Related Disorder).

Wolastoqiyik adaptation of the Aaniish Naa Gegii: the Children's Health and Well-Being Measure.

Introduction: Indigenous children in Canada represent one of the fastest-growing pediatric populations and experience severe health inequities. There is an ongoing need for new research on relevant methods to measure the health and wellbeing of Indigenous children that considers the cultural differences between communities. The Aaniish Naa Gegii: the Children's Health and Well-Being Measure (ACHWM) is a self-reported questionnaire that was developed to meet this need and to include the voices of Indigenous children.

Complete genome sequence of sp. strain Populi, a member of phylum Verrucomicrobiota isolated from the rhizosphere.

sp. strain Populi is a bacterium from the phylum Verrucomicrobiota, isolated from the rhizosphere of a black cottonwood tree, , from the Cascade mountains in Washington. Its 6.

Exomic and epigenomic analysis of pulmonary blastoma.

Objective: Pulmonary blastoma is a rare, biphasic, adult-onset lung tumor. In this study, we investigate whether DICER1 pathogenic variants are a feature of pulmonary blastomas through in-depth analysis of the molecular events defining them.

Methods: We performed exome-wide sequencing and DNA methylation profiling of 8 pulmonary blastomas from 6 affected persons.

Dimethyl fumarate preserves brainstem and cervical spinal cord integrity in radiologically isolated syndrome.

Background And Purpose: The first randomized placebo-controlled therapeutic trial in radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), ARISE, demonstrated that treatment with dimethyl fumarate (DMF) delayed the onset of a first clinical event related to CNS demyelination and was associated with a significant reduction in new and/or newly enlarging T2-weighted hyperintense lesions. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of DMF on volumetric measures, including whole brain, thalamic, and subcortical gray matter volumes, brainstem and upper cervical spine three-dimensional (3D) volumes, and brainstem and upper cervical spine surface characteristics.

Methods: Standardized 3T MRIs including 3D isotropic T1-weighted gradient echo images were acquired at baseline and end-of-study according to the ARISE study protocol.

Complete genome of strain WBB028 isolated from leaf litter.

We report the complete genome of strain WBB028, which exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal activity. This strain was isolated from leaf litter collected at Walker Branch Watershed located on the Oak Ridge Reservation in eastern Tennessee (35.9614 N 84.

Exploring the spatial variation of mercury in the Gulf of St. Lawrence using northern gannets as fish samplers.

Mercury (Hg) is a ubiquitous and pervasive environmental contaminant with detrimental effects on wildlife, which originates from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Its distribution within ecosystems is influenced by various biogeochemical processes, making it crucial to elucidate the factors driving this variability. To explore these factors, we employed an innovative method to use northern gannets (Morus bassanus) as biological samplers of regurgitated fish in the Gulf of St.

The diagnostic workup of children with the radiologically isolated syndrome differs by age and by sex.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and spinal MRIs are often obtained in children with the radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) for diagnosis and prognosis. Factors affecting the frequency and timing of these tests are unknown.

Objective: To determine whether age or sex were associated with (1) having CSF or spinal MRI obtained or (2) the timing of these tests.

Formation of a constructed microbial community in a nutrient-rich environment indicates bacterial interspecific competition.

Unlabelled: Understanding the organizational principles of microbial communities is essential for interpreting ecosystem stability. Previous studies have investigated the formation of bacterial communities under nutrient-poor conditions or obligate relationships to observe cooperative interactions among different species. How microorganisms form stabilized communities in nutrient-rich environments, without obligate metabolic interdependency for growth, is still not fully disclosed.

Temperature and CO interactively drive shifts in the compositional and functional structure of peatland protist communities.

Microbes affect the global carbon cycle that influences climate change and are in turn influenced by environmental change. Here, we use data from a long-term whole-ecosystem warming experiment at a boreal peatland to answer how temperature and CO jointly influence communities of abundant, diverse, yet poorly understood, non-fungi microbial Eukaryotes (protists). These microbes influence ecosystem function directly through photosynthesis and respiration, and indirectly, through predation on decomposers (bacteria and fungi).

Behaviour change communication to improve complementary feeding practices in Ethiopia: Couples' beliefs concerning paternal involvement in childcare.

An important cause of stunting is limited consumption of complementary foods, in terms of both quantities and nutrients. Although existing studies show a positive association between fathers' engagement and children's diet, programmes designed to improve complementary feeding practices often only target mothers. In response to this, maternal behaviour change communication (BCC), paternal BCC and food voucher programmes were designed and implemented in Ethiopia using a clustered randomized controlled trial design.

The diagnostic value of the central vein sign in radiologically isolated syndrome.

Objective: The radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) represents the earliest detectable preclinical phase of multiple sclerosis (MS). Increasing evidence suggests that the central vein sign (CVS) enhances lesion specificity, allowing for greater MS diagnostic accuracy. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of the CVS in RIS.

Under pressure-exploring partner changes, physiological responses and telomere dynamics in northern gannets across varying breeding conditions.

Background: Life history theory predicts trade-offs between reproduction and survival in species like the northern gannet (). During breeding, demanding foraging conditions lead them to expand their foraging range and diversify their diet, increasing the risk of reproductive failure. Changing partners may enhance breeding success but lead to more physiological costs.

Functional and phenotypic consequences of an unusual inversion in MSH2.

Lynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that usually results from a pathogenic germline variant in one of four genes (MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, PMS2) involved in DNA mismatch repair. Carriers of such variants are at risk of developing numerous cancers during adulthood. Here we report on a family suspected of having Lynch syndrome due to a history of endometrial adenocarcinoma, ovarian clear cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the duodenum in whom we identified a germline 29 nucleotide in-frame inversion in exon 3 of MSH2.

Probabilistic Brain Extraction in MR Images via Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks.

Brain extraction, or the task of segmenting the brain in MR images, forms an essential step for many neuroimaging applications. These include quantifying brain tissue volumes, monitoring neurological diseases, and estimating brain atrophy. Several algorithms have been proposed for brain extraction, including image-to-image deep learning methods that have demonstrated significant gains in accuracy.