New CagL Amino Acid Polymorphism Patterns of in Peptic Ulcer and Non-Ulcer Dyspepsia.

: infection is associated with chronic gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer. The Type 4 secretion system (T4SS) translocates the CagA protein into host cells and plays an essential role in initiating gastric carcinogenesis. The CagL protein is a component of the T4SS.

Synthesis of ursolic acid arylidene-hydrazide hybrid compounds and investigation of their cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects.

In this study, 13 new hybrid compounds were synthesised starting from ursolic acid, and their cytotoxic activities were investigated on the BEAS-2B and A549 cell lines. In addition, the synthesised compounds were tested against , , and to determine their anti-microbial properties. The hybrid compounds that exhibited the lowest cytotoxicity against the BEAS-2B were and .

Synthesis, anti-TB activities, and molecular docking studies of 4-(1,2,3-triazoyl)arylmethanone derivatives.

Infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB) are leading causes of human death. Antibiotics are effective molecules to combat bacterial infections by affecting the processes required for bacterial cell growth and proliferation. The development of new antibiotics has become an important issue as overdosed or incorrect use of antibiotic lead to the development of antibiotic resistance.

Clostridium difficile Colonization Before and After Hospitalization in Children.

Background: Beginning in the early 2000s, Clostridium difficile infection has become a major health problem in the United States, Canada, and in most European countries and has not only increased in incidence but also the severity. There are 2 conditions for the development of C. difficile infection: disruption of the normal gastrointestinal flora, and exogenous ingestion of the microorganism.

Point Mutations at gyrA and gyrB Genes of Levofloxacin Resistant Helicobacter pylori Strains and Dual Resistance with Clarithromycin.

Background: Spontaneous point mutations in genes encoding gyrA/B subunits of DNA gyrase are responsible for fluoroquinolone resistance. We aimed to determine the clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance phenotypically in H. pylori strains and to investigate the mutations responsible for levofloxacin resistance and the effects of these mutations on dual antibiotic resistance.

The role of typical and atypical pathogens in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objectives: The exact role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations remains to be elucidated. This study was conducted to identify nonspecific and atypical pathogens associated with acute exacerbations of COPD.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2013 and February 2015, 107 patients were analyzed.