Arterial oxygenation can fall critically during intramedullary nailing of pathological femoral fractures.

Background: The intramedullary nailing of a femoral shaft metastatic fracture or an impending fracture has been complicated by hemodynamic accidents in up to 13% of patients. In previous studies, otherwise healthy patients pulled well through the nailing despite high pulmonary shunting and vascular tone and right ventricular strain. We hypothesized that unfavorable hemodynamic and oxygenation trends milder than catastrophic ones can be found intraoperatively in most patients with a pathological fracture and cancer-affected lungs.

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 in salivary gland cancer.

Introduction: High levels of certain matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been detected in various human cancers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of MMP-7 in salivary gland cancer (SGC) by immunohistochemistry and to associate the results with the clinical data and the 10-year survival of the SGC patients.

Material And Methods: Immunohistochemistry for MMP-7 was performed in a series of 107 paraffin-embedded sections of SGC.

Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, -7, -9, -13, Ki-67, and HER-2 in epithelial-myoepithelial salivary gland cancer.

Background: The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in epithelial-myoepithelial salivary gland carcinoma has not been studied previously.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry for MMP-1, -7, -9, -13, Ki-67, and HER-2, as well as HER-2 gene amplification by silver enhanced in situ hybridization was performed in a series of 12 paraffin-embedded histopathologic samples of patients from Canada and Finland.

Results: A positive MMP-13 (p = .

Lower recurrence risk through mammographic screening reduces breast cancer treatment costs.

Mammographic screening is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer recurrence. The objective of the study was to evaluate treatment costs due to breast cancer recurrence in relation to patients' use of mammographic screening, consecutively collected in a defined population. The study included 418 women exposed to screening and 109 women unexposed to screening diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer.

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -9 and -13 as prognostic factors in salivary gland cancer.

Conclusions: In the current study matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-9 and -13 were associated with the prognosis in salivary gland cancer (SGC), indicating that they contribute to the progression and invasion of these malignant tumours.

Objectives: Elevated levels of certain MMPs have been detected in various advanced human cancer types. The purpose of the study was to analyse the expression of MMP-1, -9 and -13 in SGC by immunohistochemistry and correlate the results to the clinical data and 10-year survival of SGC patients in a nationwide material.

Morphometric analysis using automated image analysis of CD34-positive vessels in salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma.

Conclusions: In computer-assisted analysis of acinic cell cancer (ACC) morphological characteristics of CD34 immunoreactivity were detected. Bigger vessel size, vessel irregularity, and lower intensity of CD34-positive vessel staining may indicate unfavorable prognosis.

Objectives: Salivary gland cancer (SGC) is a morphologically diverse group of malignancies, the most common histological types being mucoepidermoid, adenoid cystic and ACC, which has the most favorable prognosis of the three.

Ultrasonographic-guided pervaginal cul-de-sac cytology in the follow-up of ovarian carcinoma.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to compare, prospectively, traditional pervaginal cul-de-sac aspiration cytology with an ultrasonographic-guided aspirate in the detection of residual or recurrent ovarian carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Fifty-one patients with ovarian carcinoma were monitored during chemotherapy (21 patients) or follow-up (30 patients) after first-line treatment. All patients underwent both traditional blind pervaginal cul-de-sac aspiration cytology and an ultrasonographic-guided pervaginal aspirate.

Prognostic significance of Ki-67 and p53 as tumor markers in salivary gland malignancies in Finland: an evaluation of 212 cases.

The proliferative capacity of a tumor as measured by Ki-67 nuclear antigen is one of the most powerful indicators of tumor behavior. Ki-67 is considered a useful tool in determining the aggressiveness of malignant neoplasms. p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations have been linked with the development and progression of a number of various cancer types.

Population-based mammography screening results in substantial savings in treatment costs for fatal breast cancer.

Aims: The aim was to assess the effect of population-based mammography screening on treatment costs for fatal breast cancer in Turku, Finland.

Materials And Methods: The study included 556 women with invasive breast cancer, diagnosed at the age of 40-74 years in 1987-1993: 427 in the screened group (screen-detected or interval cancer) and 129 in the unscreened group (not yet invited or refused screening). Both groups were followed up for 8 years from diagnosis.

Salivary gland cancer in Finland 1991--96: an evaluation of 237 cases.

Conclusion: In this material consisting of various salivary gland carcinomas, stage I, male gender and age were the most powerful predictors of patient outcome.

Objectives: To retrieve the records of all salivary gland cancer (SGC) patients diagnosed in Finland between 1991 and 1996 and to evaluate the incidence, histological type and location of SGC, the treatment given and the outcome.

Material And Methods: The records for all SGCs (n =286) diagnosed in Finland between 1991 and 1996 and reported to the Finnish Cancer Registry were retrieved.

Mammographic screening reduces risk of breast carcinoma recurrence.

Background: The current report is a long-term evaluation of breast carcinoma recurrence, factors predicting recurrence, and postrecurrence prognosis in relation to patients' use of service screening, which has been provided in Turku, Finland, since 1987 for women ages 40-74 years.

Methods: The current study included 527 invasive breast carcinomas: 418 in the screening group (which included screen-detected and interval malignancies) and 109 in the nonscreening group (which included breast carcinomas detected before initial screening and those detected in patients who chose not to undergo screening). These breast carcinomas were diagnosed among women ages 40-74 years between 1987 and 1993, with follow-up extending until the end of 2001.

Lower costs of hospital treatment of breast cancer through a population-based mammography screening programme.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the hospital treatment costs of invasive breast cancer in relation to the mode of detection, i.e. by mammography screening, between screenings or without screening during a population-based mammography screening programme, which started in 1987 among 36,000 women aged 40 to 74 years in the city of Turku, Southwest Finland.

Characterization of 10 vulvar carcinoma cell lines by karyotyping, comparative genomic hybridization and flow cytometry.

Objective And Methods: Ten vulvar squamous cell carcinoma cell lines established at the University of Michigan (UM-SCV-1A, -1B, -2, -3, -4, -6, -7) and at the University of Turku (UT-SCV-1, -2, -3) were characterized by G-banding karyotyping, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) flow cytometry.

Results: All cell lines had hyperdiploid DNA content as measured by flow cytometry. The DNA index (DI) remained relatively stable through different passages in 9 of 10 cases.

Significant improvement in breast cancer survival through population-based mammography screening.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of population-based mammography screening on survival. A total of 176 908 screening examinations were performed in 36 000 women aged 40-74 during the years 1987-1997. Screen-detected and interval primary invasive breast cancers (n=685, screened) were more often smaller (P<0.

Response of estrogen receptor-positive intraabdominal fibromatosis to aromatase inhibitor therapy.

Background: Intraabdominal fibromatosis is a rare tumor-like lesion of uncertain etiology.

Case: A 49-year-old woman underwent abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy in 1997 to treat uterine leiomyomata and ovarian fibromatosis. Postoperatively, she received estradiol 2 mg daily as hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

The expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in proliferative endometrium and endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Background: The activity of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is increased in inflammation and in several cancer types. We investigated the expression of COX-2, cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) and nitric oxide synthase-3 (NOS-3) in normal proliferative and secretory human endometrium, and in endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Human endometrium was collected at hysterectomy.

Metalloelastase (MMP-12) expression by tumour cells in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva correlates with invasiveness, while that by macrophages predicts better outcome.

Human metalloelastase (MMP-12) has been implicated in elastin degradation and macrophage migration in many pathological conditions. It also generates angiostatin, thus having a potential to prevent tumour angiogenesis. It has previously been shown that transformed epithelial cells express MMP-12 in skin cancer.

Paclitaxel combined with fractionated radiation in vitro: a study with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.

Concurrent paclitaxel and radiation has given promising results in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. We wanted to test the efficacy of this combination for vulvar carcinoma, which currently has a poor outcome in advanced stages. The radiation sensitivity, sublethal damage repair (SLDR) capacity and effect of paclitaxel during fractionated radiation were assessed in our study on 7 vulvar inherently radioresistant squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines.