Long range juxtacrine signalling through cadherin for collective cell orientation.

Many life phenomena, such as development, morphogenesis, tissue remodelling, and wound healing, are often driven by orderly and directional migration of collective cells. However, when cells are randomly oriented or localized disorder exists in orderly oriented collective cells, cell migration cannot occur in an orderly manner although various motion modes such as global rotation and local swirling and/or various motion patterns such as radial pattern and chiral pattern often occur. Therefore, it is important to control cell orientation to ensure the orderly migration of collective cells.

Grignard reagents as deprotonation agents for oxazoline-amido-phenolate ligands: structural and catalytic implications with the role of halogen ions.

In this study, various halogen-substituted Grignard reagents were assessed as deprotonating agents for the oxazoline-amido-phenolate ligand, leading to the formation of magnesium complexes. The newly synthesized complexes with halogen substituents displayed three distinct coordinative modes, all extensively characterized through crystallographic methods. The introduction of halogen substituents induced changes in the Lewis acid properties of the complexes, thereby impacting their structural attributes and catalytic behavior during the initiation and propagation of ring polymerization of cyclic esters.

Unusual effects of a nanoporous gold substrate on cell adhesion and differentiation because of independent multi-branch signaling of focal adhesions.

A variety of cell behaviors, such as cell adhesion, motility, and fate, can be controlled by substrate characteristics such as surface topology and chemistry. In particular, the surface topology of substrates strongly affects cell behaviors, and the topological spacing is a critical factor in inducing cell responses. Various works have demonstrated that cell adhesion was enhanced with decreasing topological spacing although differentiation progressed slowly.

Bioengineering of High Cell Density Tissues with Hierarchical Vascular Networks for Ex Vivo Whole Organs.

The development of tissue-like structures such as cell sheets, spheroids, and organoids has contributed to progress in regenerative medicine. Simultaneous achievement of scale up and high cell density of these tissues is challenging because sufficient oxygen cannot be supplied to the inside of large, high cell density tissues. Here, in vitro fabrication of vessels to supply oxygen to the inside of millimeter-sized scaffold-free tissues whose cell density is ≈200 million cells mL , corresponding to those of native tissues, is shown.

Effects of actuation of nanoporous gold on cell orientation in a fibroblast sheet.

Mechanical stimulation such as flood flow often plays a vital role in the growth and maintenance of a living body, and it is important to investigate cell responses to mechanical stimulation. To date, cell responses to mechanical stimulation have been investigated in detail. However, the cell responses have been little known in a cell sheet.

Heterogeneous role of integrins in fibroblast response to small cyclic mechanical stimulus generated by a nanoporous gold actuator.

It is important to understand the effects of mechanical stimulation on cell behaviors for homeostasis. Many studies have been performed on cell responses to mechanical stimuli, but the mechanosensing mechanism is still under debate. In the present study, experiments employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations concerning the effects of cyclic mechanical stimulus on cell proliferation were performed based on the hypothesis that mechanosensing depends on integrin types.