Comprehensive assessment of ocular parameters for identifying diagnostic indicators of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Purpose: To explore variations in systemic and ocular parameters among patients with diabetes, both with and without diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and to identify sensitive indicators for DPN diagnosis.

Methods: Ninty-five patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were involved in this cross-sectional study, including 49 without DPN and 46 with DPN. Ocular parameters were obtained using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM).

Correction: Lu et al. Performance Analysis of Metalenses Based on Three Kinds of Phase Compensation Techniques. 2021, 2091.

There was an error in the original publication [...

Effects of UV-B radiation on epiphytic bacterial communities on male and female Sargassum thunbergii.

The effects of increased UV-B radiation on macroalgae have been widely studied, but knowledge concerning the response of communities of algal epiphytic bacteria to increased UV-B radiation and differences between male and female algae is still lacking. Via 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology, changes in the epiphytic bacterial communities on male and female S. thunbergii under increased UV-B radiation were studied in the lab.

digestion and colonic fermentation of phenolic compounds and their bioaccessibility from raw and roasted nut kernels.

Roasting and digestion affect nut kernel phenolic compounds' bioaccessibility and bioactivity. In this study, three types of raw and commercially roasted nut kernels (almonds, cashews, and walnuts) were treated by digestion and colonic fermentation. The objective was to analyze the effect of roasting on their phenolic content, associated antioxidant potential, bioaccessibility, and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis altering.

Versatile Integrated Polarizers Based on Geometric Metasurfaces.

We propose versatile integrated polarizers based on geometric metasurfaces. Metasurface polarizer consists of an L-shaped hole array etched on a silver film, and it can simultaneously generate several polarization states, including linear polarization, circular polarization, elliptical polarization, or even hybrid polarization. Meanwhile, the combination of output polarization states changes with the illumination polarization type.

Impact of roasting on the phenolic and volatile compounds in coffee beans.

Phenolic compounds present in coffee beans could generate flavor and bring benefits to health. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of commercial roasting levels (light, medium, and dark) on phenolic content and antioxidant potential of Arabica coffee beans () comprehensively via antioxidant assays. The phenolic compounds in roasted samples were characterized via liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS).

Diabetic Retinopathy May Be a Predictor of Stroke in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: It is unclear whether diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be a predictor of stroke. In this research context, the objective of our study was to investigate whether there is a significant association between DR and stroke in diabetic patients by meta-analysis.

Methods: After a systematic search of studies in electronic databases, we screened all studies reporting the risk of DR status and stroke incidence and calculated their odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs).

Multimodal imaging analysis for the impact of retinal peripheral lesions on central neurovascular structure and retinal function in type 2 diabetes with diabetic retinopathy.

Objectives: To explore the possible role of peripheral lesions (PLs) detected by ultrawide field (UWF) imaging system on central neurovascular structure and retinal function.

Methods: Ninety-seven diabetic patients were included in this cross-sectional study using UWF pseudocolour colour imaging with Optos Daytona (Optos, PLC). UWF images were graded as with predominantly peripheral lesions (PPLs) and without PPL.

Physiological Responses and Metabonomics Analysis of Male and Female Macroalgae Exposed to Ultraviolet-B Stress.

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is a major environmental stress that suppresses or activates defense responses in organisms. UV-B radiation affecting growth and development in intertidal species have been researched for a long time, but a series of unknown knowledge remain in the male and female macroalgae comparison. To compare the different responses of male and female macroalgae under UV-B radiation, PSII photochemical efficiency determination, metabolomic analysis, and main carbon-based metabolites (including soluble sugar, total amino acid, and lipid) content measuring have been performed in our experiments.

Bioaccessibility and bioactivities of phenolic compounds from roasted coffee beans during in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation.

Bioaccessibility and bioactivity of phenolic compounds in coffee beans relate to roasting and digestion process. This study aimed to estimate phenolic content, antioxidant potential, bioaccessibility, and changes in short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production during in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation of commercial roasted (light, medium and dark) coffee beans. There was no significant difference found among all three different roasting levels.

Performance Analysis of Metalenses Based on Three Kinds of Phase Compensation Techniques.

The phase delays introduced by anisotropic nanounits include propagation phase delay, resonant phase delay and geometric phase delay. Various phase devices can be formed based on the metasurfaces consisting of anisotropic nanounits and the phase devices of the same kind function have different performances because of different working modes. In this paper, metalenses and vortex metalenses are chosen as examples to compare the optical performance of metasurface phase devices based on three kinds of phase compensation techniques.

Comparing the measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L and the EQ-5D-3L in hypertensive patients living in rural China.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the measurement properties of two versions of EQ-5D (i.e.EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L) in hypertensive patients in rural China.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC.

To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NI) in the first-line treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer from a US-payer perspective. We developed a Markov model to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of NI versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment of NSCLC. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel for untreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel (ANP) in the first-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We developed a Markov model to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of ANP versus nab-paclitaxel in the first-line treatment of metastatic TNBC. Lifetime costs, life-years (LYs) and quality-adjusted LYs (QALYs) were estimated.

A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: First-Line Avelumab Plus Axitinib Versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Compared with the standard of care with sunitinib, avelumab plus axitinib can increase progression-free survival in the first-line of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but the economic effect of the treatment is unknown. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced RCC from the US payer perspective.

Methods: A Markov model was developed to evaluate the economic and health outcomes of avelumab plus axitinib vs sunitinib in the first-line setting for advanced RCC.

Identification of DNA methylation-driven genes by integrative analysis of DNA methylation and transcriptome data in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a painful and fatal disease that undoubtedly remains a health care priority and offers significant therapeutic challenges. The significance of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation in tumor development, has gained the attention of researchers. Identifying DNA methylation-driven genes and investigating the mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis of PAAD are of substantial importance for developing methods of physiological evaluation, treatment planning and prognostic prediction for PAAD.

Standardized ileal digestible amino acid and metabolizable energy content of wheat from different origins and the effect of exogenous xylanase on their determination in broilers.

This study was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible amino acids (SID AA) and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) contents of 6 wheats from different origins in China and incidentally to investigate the effects of exogenous xylanase addition on SID AA and AMEn determination in broiler chicks. A total of 480 chicks were divided into 48 cages of 10 birds each balanced for body weight and fed 8 types of diets in a completely randomized design (6 replicated cages per diet) from 21 to 26 d of age. The individual wheat constituted the only source of crude protein in a semi-purified experimental diet.

A Novel PPh Mediated One-Pot Method for Synthesis of 3-Aryl or Alkyl 1,2-Benzisoxazoles.

A novel, efficient, and facile protocol has been developed for transforming 2-hydroxybenzonitriles and bromides into a range of 3-aryl or alkyl substituted 1,2-benzisoxazoles in good to excellent yields mediated by PPh. The electronic and steric effects of bromides on the reaction are discussed. This is the first example to construct a C-C bond and heterocycle in a Barbier-Grignard-type reaction featuring easier recovery of PPh than a metallic catalyst in one step.

Relative abundance of G protein-coupled receptor 30 and localization in testis and epididymis of sheep at different developmental stages.

The G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) is a transmembrane estrogen receptor that binds to estrogen, and has been confirmed to have an important role in testicular cell proliferation and development. The main objective of this study was to examine GPR30 gene expression and localization in the testis and epididymis of sheep at different developmental stages. Testes, including the epididymis, were collected from Polled Dorset x Mongolian cross rams at one (n=4; wt), three (n=4; wt), six (n=4; wt), nine (n=4; wt) and 12 (n=4; wt) months of age.