Anabolic-androgen steroids: A possible independent risk factor to cardiovascular, kidney and metabolic syndrome.

Millions of individuals make illicit use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), remaining a public health issue. It often leads to detrimental effects, including cardiovascular and renal diseases, besides hormonal and metabolic imbalances. The objective of this review is to emphasize the contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation to these effects and connect the findings of experimental animal studies with the alterations found in clinical contexts, in AAS users.

Chemical inhibition of eIF4A3 abolishes UPF1 recruitment onto mRNA encoding NMD factors and restores their expression.

Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay (NMD) is a key control mechanism of RNA quality widely described to target mRNA harbouring Premature Termination Codon (PTC). However, recent studies suggested the existence of non-canonical pathways which remain unresolved. One of these alternative pathways suggested that specific mRNA could be targeted through their 3' UTR (Untranslated Region), which contain various elements involved in mRNA stability regulation.

Mitochondrial ROS modulate presynaptic plasticity in the drosophila neuromuscular junction.

The elevated emission of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from presynaptic mitochondria is well-documented in several inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the potential role of mitochondrial ROS in presynaptic function and plasticity remains largely understudied beyond the context of disease. Here, we investigated this potential ROS role in presynaptic function and short-term plasticity by combining optogenetics, whole cell electrophysiological recordings, and live confocal imaging using a well-established protocol for induction and measurement of synaptic potentiation in Drosophila melanogaster neuromuscular junctions (NMJ).

The mechanistic origin of amber pigmentation of Perithemis tenera (Say, 1840) wings (Odonata: Libellulidae) and its function in conspecific signalling.

Animal coloration serves various signaling and non-signaling functions. In damselflies and dragonflies (Odonata), such colors may not only play photoprotective and/or thermoregulatory roles but also serve as visual signals during courtship and/or agonistic interactions. Here, we analyzed the coloration of Perithemis tenera wings, a potential secondary sexual ornament, applying spectrophotometry and visual modeling to gain a deeper understanding of their color mechanisms and functions.

High dose of liraglutide impairs renal function in female hypertensive rats.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists exhibit beneficial cardiovascular effects. However, the renal effects of different doses of liraglutide in an essential hypertension model have not yet been investigated. SHR female rats were treated for 30 days, twice a day, with saline (control) or liraglutide at low (0.

EMC1 Is Required for the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondrial Functions in the Muscle.

EMC1 is part of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein complex, whose functions include the insertion of transmembrane proteins into the ER membrane, ER-mitochondria contact, and lipid exchange. Here, we show that the gene is expressed in the somatic musculature and the protein localizes to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) network. Muscle-specific RNAi led to severe motility defects and partial late pupae/early adulthood lethality, phenotypes that are rescued by co-expression with an transgene.

Antibiotics stimulates the development of persistent cells in biofilms of bloodstream isolates.

invasive candidiasis is considered a global health problem. In such cases, biofilm formation on implanted devices represents a therapeutic challenge and the presence of metabolically inactive persistent cells (PCs) in these communities increases their tolerance to fungicidal drugs. This study investigated the influence of amoxicillin, AMX; cefepime, CEF; gentamicin, GEN; amikacin, AMK; vancomycin, VAN; and ciprofloxacin, CIP; on the production of PCs in biofilms of bloodstream isolates.

A meta-analysis on alternative mating tactics: when the main and the alternative yield similar reproductive success.

In many species, individuals of the same sex exhibit different mating behaviours, a phenomenon known as alternative mating tactics (AMTs). These AMTs may occur in species in which morphology prevents individuals from adopting different tactics (fixed expression of AMTs) as well as in species in which individuals can alternate between them (flexible expression of AMTs). Regardless of the way different mating tactics are expressed, a key point to understanding the selective forces driving AMT evolution relies on identifying differences in the reproductive success between tactics.

Primary hyperparathyroidism caused by a tiny mediastinal parathyroid adenoma with non-localising imaging studies.

Variations in parathyroid gland positions often cause failure in initial parathyroid adenoma surgery, especially when imaging fails to localise the adenoma. This report describes a female patient with primary hyperparathyroidism for which preoperative localisation studies did not determine the position of the hyperfunctioning gland. The initial approach with bilateral cervical exploration and intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring was performed unsuccessfully.

Data-driven modeling of equatorial atmospheric waves: The role of moisture and nonlinearity on global-scale instabilities and propagation speeds.

The equatorial region of the Earth's atmosphere serves as both a significant locus for phenomena, including the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and a source of formidable complexity. This complexity arises from the intricate interplay between nonlinearity and thermodynamic processes, particularly those involving moisture. In this study, we employ a normal mode decomposition of atmospheric reanalysis ERA-5 datasets to investigate the influence of nonlinearity and moisture on amplitude growth, propagation speed, and mode coupling associated with equatorially trapped waves.

Fusarium keratitis in a Brazilian tropical semi-arid area: Clinical-epidemiological features, molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility.

Background: Fungal keratitis is a severe eye infection that can result in blindness and visual impairment, particularly in developing countries. Fusarium spp. are the primary causative agents of this condition.

Embryotoxicity Induced by Triclopyr in Zebrafish () Early Life Stage.

Triclopyr, an auxin-like herbicide that is widely employed for managing weeds in food crops and pastures, has been identified in various environmental settings, particularly aquatic ecosystems. Limited understanding of the environmental fate of this herbicide, its potential repercussions for both the environment and human health, and its insufficient monitoring in diverse environmental compartments has caused it to be recognized as an emerging contaminant of concern. In this study, we have investigated how triclopyr affects zebrafish, considering a new alternative methodology.

SyS3DS: Systematic Sampling of Large-Scale LiDAR Point Clouds for Semantic Segmentation in Forestry Robotics.

Recently, new semantic segmentation and object detection methods have been proposed for the direct processing of three-dimensional (3D) LiDAR sensor point clouds. LiDAR can produce highly accurate and detailed 3D maps of natural and man-made environments and is used for sensing in many contexts due to its ability to capture more information, its robustness to dynamic changes in the environment compared to an RGB camera, and its cost, which has decreased in recent years and which is an important factor for many application scenarios. The challenge with high-resolution 3D LiDAR sensors is that they can output large amounts of 3D data with up to a few million points per second, which is difficult to process in real time when applying complex algorithms and models for efficient semantic segmentation.

An artificial intelligence approach of feature engineering and ensemble methods depicts the rumen microbiome contribution to feed efficiency in dairy cows.

Genetic selection has remarkably helped U.S. dairy farms to decrease their carbon footprint by more than doubling milk production per cow over time.

The mitochondrial ATP synthase is a negative regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.

The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane whose sustained opening in response to elevated mitochondrial matrix Ca concentrations triggers necrotic cell death. The molecular identity of mPTP is unknown. One proposed candidate is the mitochondrial ATP synthase, whose canonical function is to generate most ATP in multicellular organisms.

Transcriptome changes associated with elongation of bovine conceptuses II: Differentially expressed transcripts in the endometrium on day 17 after insemination.

The objective was to characterize endometrial transcriptome on d 17 of gestation in dairy cows according to conceptus length. Nonlactating Holstein cows (n = 48) were slaughtered 17 d after AI and the uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum (CL) was flushed with saline solution. Recovered conceptuses were classified as small (1.

Transcriptome changes associated with elongation of bovine conceptuses I: Differentially expressed transcripts in the conceptus on day 17 after insemination.

The objective was to characterize transcriptome changes associated with elongation in bovine conceptuses during preimplantation stages. Nonlactating Holstein cows were euthanized 17 d after artificial insemination (AI) and the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL was flushed with saline solution. Recovered conceptuses were classified as small (1.

Clinical, Epidemiological and Laboratory Features of Invasive Complex Infections in a Brazilian Pediatric Reference Hospital during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The present study aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of invasive candidiasis by complex (CPC) in a Brazilian tertiary pediatric hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical samples were processed in the BACT/ALERT 3D system or on agar plates. Definitive identification was achieved by MALDI-TOF MS.

Asymmetric Allenylation of Alkynes mediated by Chiral Organoselenated Reagents under Oxidative Conditions.

The reactivity of novel chiral lactamide-substituted diselenide-based reagents under oxidative conditions was exploited to develop a metal-free method for the preparation of enantioenriched allenylamides from simple alkynes in good yields, and with enantiomeric excesses up to 99 %. The key of the success in this method is attributed to the hydrogen-bonded lactamide appendages that ensure configurational stability of chiral vinyl selenoxide intermediates for an optimal enantiotopic β-syn-elimination step.