Magnetic Domain Wall Energy Landscape Engineering in a Ferrimagnet.

Architectures based on a magnetic domain wall (DW) can store and process information at a high speed in a nonvolatile manner with ultra-low power consumption. Recently, transition-metal rare earth metal alloy-based ferrimagnets have attracted a considerable amount of attention for the ultrafast current-driven DW motion. However, the high-speed DW motion is subject to film inhomogeneity and device edge defects, causing challenges in controlling the DW motion and hindering practical application.

An antiferromagnetic spin phase change memory.

The electrical outputs of single-layer antiferromagnetic memory devices relying on the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect are typically rather small at room temperature. Here we report a new type of antiferromagnetic memory based on the spin phase change in a Mn-Ir binary intermetallic thin film at a composition within the phase boundary between its collinear and noncollinear phases. Via a small piezoelectric strain, the spin structure of this composition-boundary metal is reversibly interconverted, leading to a large nonvolatile room-temperature resistance modulation that is two orders of magnitude greater than the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect for a metal, mimicking the well-established phase change memory from a quantum spin degree of freedom.

Emerging Antiferromagnets for Spintronics.

Antiferromagnets constitute promising contender materials for next-generation spintronic devices with superior stability, scalability, and dynamics. Nevertheless, the perception of well-established ferromagnetic spintronics underpinned by spontaneous magnetization seemed to indicate the inadequacy of antiferromagnets for spintronics-their compensated magnetization has been perceived to result in uncontrollable antiferromagnetic order and subtle magnetoelectronic responses. However, remarkable advancements have been achieved in antiferromagnetic spintronics in recent years, with consecutive unanticipated discoveries substantiating the feasibility of antiferromagnet-centered spintronic devices.

Magnetic-Field Response and Giant Electric-Field Modulation of CuS.

CuS likely plays an important role in the sharp resistivity transition of LK-99. Nevertheless, this immediately arouses an intriguing question of whether the extraordinary room-temperature colossal magnetoresistance in the initial reports, which has been less focused, originates from CuS as well. To resolve this issue, we have systematically investigated the electrical transport and magnetotransport properties of near-stoichiometric CuS pellets and thin films.

Precise localization of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma based on three-dimensional histology-MR image fusion: an experimental study.

Background: Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, MVI cannot be detected by conventional imaging. To localize MVI precisely on magnetic resonance (MR) images, we evaluated the feasibility and accuracy of 3-dimensional (3D) histology-MR image fusion of the liver.

Evaluating AI rib fracture detections using follow-up CT scans.

Purpose: This study compares the results of Artificial Intelligence (AI) diagnosis of rib fractures using initial CT and follow-up CT as the final diagnostic criteria, and studies AI-assisted diagnosis in improving the detection rate of rib fractures.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 113 patients who underwent initial and follow-up CT scans due to trauma. The initial and follow-up CT were used as diagnostic criteria, respectively.

The carotid web: Current research status and imaging features.

The carotid web is commonly found in the carotid bulb or the beginning of the internal carotid artery. It presents as a thin layer of proliferative intimal tissue originating from the arterial wall and extending into the vessel lumen. A large body of research has proven that the carotid web is a risk factor for ischemic stroke.

Topological Hall Effect in Thin Films of an Antiferromagnetic Weyl Semimetal Integrated on Si.

Since the large room-temperature anomalous Hall effect was discovered in noncollinear antiferromagnets, MnSn has received immense research interest as it exhibits abundant exotic physical properties including Weyl points and enormous potential for antiferromagnetic spintronic device applications. In this work, we report the emergence of the topological Hall effect in MnSn films grown on Si that is the workhorse for the modern highly integrated information technology. Importantly, through a series of systematic comparative experiments, the intriguing topological Hall effect phenomenon related to the appearance of the noncoplanar chiral spin structure is found to be induced by the MnSn/SiO interface.

Room-temperature magnetoresistance in an all-antiferromagnetic tunnel junction.

Antiferromagnetic spintronics is a rapidly growing field in condensed-matter physics and information technology with potential applications for high-density and ultrafast information devices. However, the practical application of these devices has been largely limited by small electrical outputs at room temperature. Here we describe a room-temperature exchange-bias effect between a collinear antiferromagnet, MnPt, and a non-collinear antiferromagnet, MnPt, which together are similar to a ferromagnet-antiferromagnet exchange-bias system.

Chemical Potential Switching of the Anomalous Hall Effect in an Ultrathin Noncollinear Antiferromagnetic Metal.

The discovery of the anomalous Hall effect in noncollinear antiferromagnetic metals represents one of the most important breakthroughs for the emergent antiferromagnetic spintronics. The tuning of chemical potential has been an important theoretical approach to varying the anomalous Hall conductivity, but the direct experimental demonstration has been challenging owing to the large carrier density of metals. In this work, an ultrathin noncollinear antiferromagnetic Mn Ge film is fabricated and its carrier density is modulated by ionic liquid gating.

Antiferromagnetism in Ni-Based Superconductors.

Due to the lack of any magnetic order down to 1.7 K in the parent bulk compound NdNiO , the recently discovered 9-15 K superconductivity in the infinite-layer Nd Sr NiO thin films has provided an exciting playground for unearthing new superconductivity mechanisms. Herein, the successful synthesis of a series of superconducting Nd Sr NiO thin films ranging from 8 to 40 nm is reported.

Assessing the predictive accuracy of lung cancer, metastases, and benign lesions using an artificial intelligence-driven computer aided diagnosis system.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) products have been widely used for the clinical detection of primary lung tumors. However, their performance and accuracy in risk prediction for metastases or benign lesions remain underexplored. This study evaluated the accuracy of an AI-driven commercial computer-aided detection (CAD) product (InferRead CT Lung Research, ICLR) in malignancy risk prediction using a real-world database.

Anomalous thickness dependence of Curie temperature in air-stable two-dimensional ferromagnetic 1T-CrTe grown by chemical vapor deposition.

The discovery of ferromagnetic two-dimensional van der Waals materials has opened up opportunities to explore intriguing physics and to develop innovative spintronic devices. However, controllable synthesis of these 2D ferromagnets and enhancing their stability under ambient conditions remain challenging. Here, we report chemical vapor deposition growth of air-stable 2D metallic 1T-CrTe ultrathin crystals with controlled thickness.

CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Objectives: To explore the relationship between the imaging manifestations and clinical classification of COVID-19.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective single-center study on patients with COVID-19 from Jan. 18, 2020 to Feb.

Quantitative radiomic model for predicting malignancy of small solid pulmonary nodules detected by low-dose CT screening.

Background: It is a permanent challenge to differentiate small solid lung nodules. Massive data, extracted from medical image through radiomics analysis, may help early diagnosis of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of a quantitative radiomic model developed from baseline low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for the purpose of predicting malignancy in small solid pulmonary nodules (SSPNs).

Novel geochemistry-inspired method for the deep removal of vanadium from molybdate solution.

Separation of vanadium from molybdates is an essential task for processing the leaching solution of hazardous spent hydrodesulphurization (HDS) catalyst. In this study, the difference in the main naturally occurring mineral forms of Mo and V inspired us to develop a method for the deep removal of V from molybdate solution using FeO as an adsorbent. First, the adsorbent was synthesized with coprecipitation method, and then it was characterized by XRD, TEM, and VSM.