Global, regional, and national epidemiology of ischemic heart disease among individuals aged 55 and above from 1990 to 2021: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The findings of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study can offer valuable insights for the development of screening and prevention strategies targeting ischemic heart disease (IHD). We aim to investigate trends in IHD incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), while exploring associated risk factors for IHD-associated death from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: The cross-sectional study utilized data from the GBD 2021, covering 204 countries and regions.

The global burden of otitis media in 204 countries and territories from 1992 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the global burden of otitis media and predict future trends using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 (GBD 2021).

Study Design: A cross-sectional analysis of GBD 2021 results was conducted.

Methods: Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates (ASDR) were calculated.

Autophagic flux-lipid droplet biogenesis cascade sustains mitochondrial fitness in colorectal cancer cells adapted to acidosis.

Cancer development is associated with adaptation to various stressful conditions, such as extracellular acidosis. The adverse tumor microenvironment also selects for increased malignancy. Mitochondria are integral in stress sensing to allow for tumor cells to adapt to stressful conditions.

Long-Term Determinants of Depression Mood: A 19-Year Follow Up of 2344 Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

This study explores depression changes and influencing factors in middle-aged and older individuals, focusing on different cognitive function states. This cohort study uses panel data from seven waves of the nationally representative Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (1996-2015) with 2344 participants aged 50 or above. Data analysis was conducted from 25 January 2023 to 4 May 2023.

Genetic associations between immune-related plasma proteins and neurodegenerative diseases.

Background: Immune dysregulation is commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), yet the underlying causes and mechanisms still require further investigation.

Objective: This study investigates the correlation between immune-related plasma proteins and the risk of NDs by integrating genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS) with plasma proteome analysis.

Methods: By analyzing GWAS data for 4907 immune-related plasma proteins, this research evaluates the direct impact of plasma proteins on the risk of four NDs: AD, PD, ALS, and MS.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the genetic aging landscape of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Despite numerous studies, specific age-related factors remain unidentified. This study employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the link between PD and aging.

DINOV2-FCS: a model for fruit leaf disease classification and severity prediction.

Introduction: The assessment of the severity of fruit disease is crucial for the optimization of fruit production. By quantifying the percentage of leaf disease, an effective approach to determining the severity of the disease is available. However, the current prediction of disease degree by machine learning methods still faces challenges, including suboptimal accuracy and limited generalizability.

Decreased RSPO3 and β-Catenin in Preeclampsia: Correlation with Blood Pressure and Pregnancy Outcomes.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the expression of RSPO3 and ß-catenin in preeclampsia and the relationship between RSPO3 and b-catenin levels and maternal-fetal outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 60 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 60 pregnant women without preeclampsia. We collected peripheral blood from the patients upon admission; placenta and cord blood were collected after delivery.

Hypoxia-responsive liposome enhances intracellular delivery of photosensitizer for effective photodynamic therapy.

Liposomes, especially polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified long-circulating liposomes, have been approved for market use, due to good biocompatibility, passive tumor targeting, and sustained drug release. PEG-modified long-circulating liposomes address issues such as poor stability and rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. However, they still face challenges like hindering drug uptake by tumor cells and preventing tumor penetration.

Dual-responsive nanoparticles for enhanced drug delivery in breast Cancer chemotherapy.

Drug delivery efficiency often affects chemotherapy outcome due to dense collagen barrier in tumor environment. Here, we report a nanoparticle capable of pH and glutathione dual-responsive drug delivery to enhance the efficacy of breast cancer chemotherapy. Maleiminated polyethylene glycol and polylactide block copolymer were synthesized as a core material, doxorubicin was encapsulated into the nanoparticle by self-assembly.

pH and ROS Dual-Responsive Autocatalytic Release System Potentiates Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer.

The immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limits the responsiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) to immunotherapy. Herein, a pH and reactive oxygen species (ROS) dual-responsive autocatalytic release system (TPDM/PGA) is constructed to reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment and potentiate CRC immunotherapy. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and mitoxantrone (MTO) are conjugated to ROS-responsive polyethylenimine (TP) via a ROS-cleavable linker, respectively, and then coated with polyglutamic acid (PGA) to endow pH and ROS dual-responsiveness.

Associations of phosphorus concentrations with medial arterial calcification in lower-extremity arteries and diabetic foot in people with diabetes: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of blood phosphorus levels with the risk of developing medial arterial calcification (MAC) in lower-limb arteries and diabetic foot (DF) in diabetes patients. We sought to enhance the understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic complications and develop strategies to mitigate diabetes-related risks.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 701 diabetic patients from the Department of Endocrinology at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital (2019-2023).

Targeting the glucocorticoid receptor-CCR8 axis mediated bone marrow T cell sequestration enhances infiltration of anti-tumor T cells in intracranial cancers.

Brain tumors such as glioblastomas are resistant to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, largely due to limited T cell infiltration in the tumors. Here, we show that mice bearing intracranial tumors exhibit systemic immunosuppression and T cell sequestration in bone marrow, leading to reduced T cell infiltration in brain tumors. Elevated plasma corticosterone drives the T cell sequestration via glucocorticoid receptors in tumor-bearing mice.

Association of diabetes with cardiovascular calcification and all-cause mortality in end-stage renal disease in the early stages of hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The main goal of this study was to examine how diabetes, cardiovascular calcification characteristics and other risk factors affect mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in the early stages of hemodialysis.

Methods: A total of 285 ESRD patients in the early stages of hemodialysis were enrolled in this research, including 101 patients with diabetes. Survival time was monitored, and general data, biochemical results, cardiac ultrasound calcification of valvular tissue, and thoracic CT calcification of the coronary artery and thoracic aorta were recorded.

Proteome-wide Ligand and Target Discovery by Using Strain-Enabled Cyclopropane Electrophiles.

The evolving use of covalent ligands as chemical probes and therapeutic agents could greatly benefit from an expanded array of cysteine-reactive electrophiles for efficient and versatile proteome profiling. Herein, to expand the current repertoire of cysteine-reactive electrophiles, we developed a new class of strain-enabled electrophiles based on cyclopropanes. Proteome profiling has unveiled that C163 of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and C88 of adhesion regulating molecule 1 (ADRM1) are ligandable residues to modulate the protein functions.

Kunzea Ericoides (Kanuka) Leaf Extracts Show Moisturisation, Antioxidant, and UV Protection Effects in HaCaT Cells and Anti-melanogenesis Effects in B16F10 Cells.

Kunzea ericoides (kanuka) products are well-known for their potent medicinal values in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory applications. The present study identified various compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, quercetin, and (E)-ferulic acid in the kanuka leaf extract, showing its potential use in maintaining skin health. The influence of kanuka leaf extract upon epidermal cells concerning cytotoxicity and in vitro activities of moisturisation, antioxidation, UV protection, and anti-melanogenesis effects were explored in the study.

A quick paster type of soluble nanoparticle microneedle patch for the treatment of obesity.

Obesity is a major public burden on the working population and induces chronic diseases. Its treatment often requires long-term medication, which makes patient compliance difficult. In this study, we reported the value of HORN-MN, which comprised a fast-soluble hyaluronic acid microneedle matrix and a weak acid-degradable oleanolic acid dimer of rosiglitazone nanoparticles.

Laser-activable murine ferritin nanocage for chemo-photothermal therapy of colorectal cancer.

Chemotherapy, as a conventional strategy for tumor therapy, often leads to unsatisfied therapeutic effect due to the multi-drug resistance and the serious side effects. Herein, we genetically engineered a thermal-responsive murine Ferritin (mHFn) to specifically deliver mitoxantrone (MTO, a chemotherapeutic and photothermal agent) to tumor tissue for the chemotherapy and photothermal combined therapy of colorectal cancer, thanks to the high affinity of mHFn to transferrin receptor that highly expressed on tumor cells. The thermal-sensitive channels on mHFn allowed the effective encapsulation of MTO in vitro and the laser-controlled release of MTO in vivo.

Effects of mind-body exercise on perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Importance: The increasing attention to the management of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women parallels the growth of the aging population. Although hormone therapy is commonly used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, it carries a potential risk of cancer. Recently, mind-body exercises have emerged as innovative approaches for improving menopausal symptoms and bone health.

Neutrophil-Driven M2-Like Macrophages Are Critical for Skin Fibrosis in a Systemic Sclerosis Model.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a challenging autoimmune disease characterized by progressive fibrosis affecting the skin and internal organs. Despite the known infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, their precise contributions to SSc pathogenesis remain elusive. In this study, we elucidated that CD206MHCII M2-like macrophages constitute the predominant pathogenic immune cell population in the fibrotic skin of a bleomycin-induced SSc mouse model.