The modified role including mediating and synergistic interactive effects of glucose tolerance status in the associations between relative fat mass and the risks of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality from the 4C cohort study.

Background: To investigate the associations between relative fat mass (RFM) and clinical outcomes in different glucose tolerance statuses and the modified effect of glucose tolerance status.

Methods: We analyzed 8,224 participants from a Chinese cohort study, who were classified into normal glucose status (NGT), prediabetes, and diabetes. Outcomes included fatal, nonfatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and all-cause mortality.

Association between estimated glucose disposal rate and kidney function decline in different glucose tolerance statuses from the 4 C study.

Aims: To investigate the association between estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and kidney function decline among populations with different glucose tolerance statuses including normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes, and diabetes.

Methods: The present study analyzed 5,069 participants from a cohort study. The association between eGDR and kidney function decline was assessed using binary logistic regression.

The mediating role of remnant cholesterol in the associations of Angiopoietin-like 8 with all-cause, CVD, and cancer death: the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) study.

Purpose: To investigate the potential mediating effect of remnant cholesterol (RC) in the associations between angiopoietin-like 8 (ANGPTL8) and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer death.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 3278 individuals from China. Binary logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted to investigate the mediating effect of RC in the associations between ANGPTL8 and all-cause, CVD, and cancer death.

Associations of physiologic subtypes based on HOMA2 indices of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity with the risk of kidney function decline, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality from the 4C study.

Background: Previous studies have been limited by their inability to differentiate between the effects of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function on the risk of kidney function decline, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to investigate whether the physiological subtypes based on homeostasis model assessment-2 (HOMA2) indices of β-cell function (HOMA2-B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-S) could be used to identify individuals with subsequently high or low of clinical outcome risk.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 7,317 participants with a follow-up of up to 5 years.

Inhibition of ANGPTL8 protects against diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction by reducing synaptic loss via the PirB signaling pathway.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) is an important regulator in T2D, but the role of ANGPTL8 in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction remains unknown. Here, we explored the role of ANGPTL8 in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction through its interaction with paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) in the central nervous system.

ENPP2/Autotaxin: The potential drug target for alcoholic liver disease identified through Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background And Aims: At present, there is still a lack of radical drug targets for intervention in alcoholic liver disease (ALD), and drug discovery through randomized controlled trials is a lengthy, risky, and expensive undertaking, so we aimed to identify effective drug targets based on human genetics.

Methods: We used Mendelian randomization (MR) and Bayesian colocalization analysis to investigate 2639 genes encoding druggable proteins and examined the causal effects on ALD (PMID 34737426: 456348 European with 451 cases and 455 897 controls). In addition, we conducted the mediation analysis to explore the potential mechanism using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of blood biomarkers as mediators.

Associations between metabolic score for visceral fat and the risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among populations with different glucose tolerance statuses.

Aims: To investigate the associations between metabolic score for visceral fat (METS-VF) and clinical outcomes among populations with different glucose tolerance statuses.

Methods: We analysed 6827 participants aged ≥ 40 years with different glucose tolerance statuses from a cohort study. The associations between METS-VF and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and all-cause mortality were assessed using Cox regression, restricted cubic spline and receiver operating characteristic curves.

LILRB2/PirB mediates macrophage recruitment in fibrogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Inhibition of immunocyte infiltration and activation has been suggested to effectively ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) and its human ortholog receptor, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B (LILRB2), are immune-inhibitory receptors. However, their role in NASH pathogenesis is still unclear.

A giant invasive macroprolactinoma with recurrent nasal bleeding as the first clinical presentation: case report and review of literature.

Background: Giant prolactinoma (> 4 cm in dimension) is a rare disorder. Invasive macroprolactinoma has the potential to cause base of skull erosion and extend into the nasal cavity or even the sphenoid sinus. Nasal bleeding caused by intranasal tumor extension is a rare complication associated with invasive giant prolactinoma.

Progress in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of TSH-Secreting Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor.

TSH-secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) is one of the causes of central hyperthyroidism. The incidence of TSH PitNET is far lower than that of other PitNETs. The clinical manifestations of TSH PitNETs mainly include thyrotoxicosis or thyroid goiter, secretion disorders of other anterior pituitary hormones, and mass effect on the pituitary gland and its surrounding tissues.