DUSP1 Signaling Pathway Regulates Cytarabine Sensitivity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) is high-expressed in various cancers and plays an important role in the cellular response to agents that damage DNA. We aimed to investigate the expressions and mechanisms of DUSP1 signaling pathway regulating cytarabine (Ara-C) resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Immunohistochemistry was performed on bone marrow biopsy specimens from AML and controls to explore the expression of DUSP1.

Non-canonical telomere protection role of FOXO3a of human skeletal muscle cells regulated by the TRF2-redox axis.

Telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) binds to telomeres and protects chromosome ends against the DNA damage response and senescence. Although the expression of TRF2 is downregulated upon cellular senescence and in various aging tissues, including skeletal muscle tissues, very little is known about the contribution of this decline to aging. We previously showed that TRF2 loss in myofibers does not trigger telomere deprotection but mitochondrial dysfunction leading to an increased level of reactive oxygen species.

All-trans retinoic acid enhances the cytotoxic effect of decitabine on myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukaemia by activating the RARα-Nrf2 complex.

Background: Decitabine (DAC) is used as the first-line therapy in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (HR-MDS) and elderly acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy. However, the clinical outcomes of patients treated with DAC as a monotherapy are far from satisfactory. Adding all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to DAC reportedly benefitted MDS and elderly AML patients.

Prognostic nomogram and novel risk-scoring system for small cell lung cancer with different patterns of metastases.

Objective: This research is aimed to develop the prognostic nomogram and novel risk-scoring system for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with different patterns of metastases.

Methods: Data on SCLC patients were extracted from the 2010-2015 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. This nomogram prognostic model was confirmed in the validation cohort.

TROP2 modulates the progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TROP2) is over expressed in various kinds of human cancers and plays important roles in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. However, the expression and molecular mechanism of TROP2 in thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) are unclear. The expressions of TROP2 in PTC and control tissue were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.

Real-world data of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: A chinese single-center retrospective study.

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a rare disease of elderly people characterized by the presence of sustained peripheral blood monocytosis, overlapping features of myeloproliferation, and myelodysplasia. We present a large retrospective study of 156 CMML patients in China. Mean age at diagnosis was 68 years old (range 23-91).

Evaluation of inhibitory activity of domestic probiotics for against invasion and infection by Proteus mirabilis in the urinary tract.

Introduction: Approximately 5% of men and 40%-50% of women have experienced urinary tract infections (UTI), which are the most common infectious diseases and nosocomial infections in humans. Proteus mirabilis is susceptible to most antibiotics, but antibiotic treatment usually causes side effects. In this research, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was assessed for its inhibitory activity against a urinary tract pathogen.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic values of 1p32.3 deletion detected through fluorescence in situ hybridization in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a single-center study in China.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of 1p32.3 deletion in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 411 patients with newly diagnosed MM; among which, 270 received bortezomib-based therapies, and 141 received thalidomide-based therapies.

Decitabine for myelodysplastic syndromes: dose comparison in a real world clinical setting.

We retrospectively studied 133 myelodysplastic syndrome patients receiving decitabine during January 2009 and September 2017. The dose of 15 mg/m/d ( = 83) and 20 mg/m/d ( = 50) had comparable overall response rates (ORR) (51.8% vs.

Analysis of clinical and molecular features of MDS patients with complex karyotype in China.

We retrospectively analyzed 101 primary MDS patients with complex karyotype during January 2010 and April 2017.The median overall survival (OS) time was 13 (95% CI 9.98-16.

Isolation and Characterisation of Probiotics for Antagonising the Cariogenic Bacterium Streptococcus mutans and Preventing Biofilm Formation.

Purpose: Consumption of refined foods and beverages high in sugar make the teeth susceptible to the formation of biofilm and may lead to dental caries. The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of selected probiotics to inhibit growth and biofilm formation by the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Strains of latic acid bacteria (LAB) (n = 120) from the Bioresources Collection and Research Center (BCRC), saliva of healthy adults and infant stool were screened.

Clinical and biological characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia with 20-29% blasts: a retrospective single-center study.

It is controversial whether acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with 20-29% bone marrow (BM) blasts should be considered AML or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We retrospectively studied 382 patients, including 108 AML with 20-29% BM blasts (AML20-29), 210 AML with ≥30% BM blasts (AML ≥ 30), and 64 MDS with 10-19% BM blasts (MDS-EB2). We found that AML20-29 were more similar to MDS-EB2 in terms of advanced age, less blood count, the increased presence of poor-risk cytogenetics.

The high NRF2 expression confers chemotherapy resistance partly through up-regulated DUSP1 in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Although cytarabine has been widely considered as one of the chemotherapy drugs for high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the overall response rate is only approximately 20-30%. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2, also called NFE2L2) has been shown to play a pivotal role in preventing cancer cells from being affected by chemotherapy. However, it is not yet known whether NRF2 can be used as a prognostic biomarker in MDS, or whether elevated NRF2 levels are associated with cytarabine resistance.

Wnt3a-regulated TCF4/β-catenin complex directly activates the key Hedgehog signalling genes and .

The Wnt and Hedgehog signalling pathways serve key roles in diverse developmental processes. However, the molecular associations between these two signalling pathways remains unclear. Previous transcriptome studies on human foreskin fibroblasts have indicated that Wnt signalling activation induces the expression of key Hedgehog signalling genes, including smoothened, frizzled class receptor () and GLI family zinc finger 1 ().

regulates quiescence and differentiation of adult hematopoietic stem cells by restricting RNA polymerase II elongation.

(), encoding a histone methyltransferase, is associated with many hematopoietic diseases when mutated. By generating a novel exon 6 conditional knockout mouse model, we describe an essential role of in maintaining the adult hematopoietic stem cells. Loss of results in leukopenia, anemia, and increased platelets accompanied by hypocellularity, erythroid dysplasia, and mild fibrosis in bone marrow.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 mutations correlate with leukemic transformation and are predicted by 2-hydroxyglutarate in myelodysplastic syndromes.

Purpose: The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of hematologic disorders characterized by the presence of somatically mutated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that increase the risk of progression to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) are thought to correlate with the increased production of the oncogenic protein 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) in AML. The aim of this study was to examine whether serum 2-HG has utility as a prognostic biomarker, and whether elevated 2-HG levels are predictive of IDH mutations in patients with MDS.

Inonotus obliquus extract induces apoptosis in the human colorectal carcinoma's HCT-116 cell line.

Because of irregular dietary habits and lifestyle in Taiwan, the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer have been increasing rapidly these years. This study investigated the inhibitory activity against the proliferation of human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells by Inonotus obliquus extracts obtained from submerged fermentation. Cell viability was measured by the reduction of MTT and cell membrane integrity was determined by lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release.

Evaluation of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Plant Products for Antagonistic Activity Against Urinary Tract Pathogen Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infectious diseases in infants and the elderly; they are also the most common among nosocomial infections. The treatment of UTIs usually involves a short-term course of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to identify the strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that can inhibit the urinary tract pathogen Staphylococcus saprophyticus, as alternatives to antibiotics.

Decitabine priming prior to low-dose chemotherapy improves patient outcomes in myelodysplastic syndromes-RAEB: a retrospective analysis vs. chemotherapy alone.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine whether decitabine priming prior to low-dose chemotherapeutic regimens could improve outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes-refractory anemia with excess of blasts (MDS-RAEB).

Methods: The current retrospective analysis included all MDS-RAEB patients receiving idarubicin/cytarabine (IA) or aclacinomycin/cytarabine (AA), with or without decitabine priming during a period from February 2010 to May 2015. Treatment response and toxicity were compared between patients receiving decitabine priming and those who did not.

Decreased mRNA expression for the two subunits of system xc(-), SLC3A2 and SLC7A11, in WBC in patients with schizophrenia: Evidence in support of the hypo-glutamatergic hypothesis of schizophrenia.

Background: The cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc(-), playing a critical role in the regulation of glutamate release, might be implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. This study examined whether peripheral expressions of the system xc(-) subunits are characteristic of schizophrenia.

Methods: Expression of system xc(-) genes including SLC3A2 and SLC7A11 in peripheral WBCs of patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals were measured using quantitative PCR.

Association of and with Alzheimer's disease: Meta-analysis based on 56 genetic case-control studies of 12,563 cases and 12,622 controls.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that can destroy the memory of sufferers and lead to distress for the individual and society. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor () and butyrylcholinesterase () are two genes associated with β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that are two key factors in the pathophysiology of AD. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between Val66Met (rs6265), C270T (rs2030324) and -K (rs1803274) polymorphisms and AD.

Cholesterol-lowering potentials of lactic acid bacteria based on bile-salt hydrolase activity and effect of potent strains on cholesterol metabolism in vitro and in vivo.

This study collected different probiotic isolates from animal and plant sources to evaluate the bile-salt hydrolase activity of probiotics in vitro. The deconjugation potential of bile acid was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. HepG2 cells were cultured with probiotic strains with high BSH activity.

Effects of lactic acid bacteria on cardiac apoptosis are mediated by activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/AKT survival-signalling pathway in rats fed a high-fat diet.

Through a high-fat diet, obesity leads to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and apoptosis. In addition, there is no evidence that probiotics have potential health effects associated with cardiac apoptosis in obese rats. The present study aimed to explore the effects of probiotics on obesity and cardiac apoptosis in rats fed a high-fat diet (HF).

Association of and polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis of 15 genetic association studies.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement d'isorder that affects ~2% of the population aged ≥65 years. NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are two important factors in the generation of oxidative stress in PD. The aim of the present study was to assess the association of and tumor necrosis factor () polymorphisms with PD.