The PM2.5 component, benzo[b]fluoranthene, may contribute to the pathogenesis of membranous nephropathy by activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway and causing podocyte pyroptosis.

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the main type of adult nephrotic syndrome, and its prevalence is increasing annually. An increasing number of studies have suggested that the pathogenesis of MN is related to 2.5-μm particulate matter (PM2.

Comprehensive SHAP Values and Single-Cell Sequencing Technology Reveal Key Cell Clusters in Bovine Skeletal Muscle.

The skeletal muscle of cattle is the main component of their muscular system, responsible for supporting and movement functions. However, there are still many unknown areas regarding the ranking of the importance of different types of cell populations within it. This study conducted in-depth research and made a series of significant findings.

Fatty acid metabolism shapes immune responses in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Background: Fatty acids serve as a crucial energy source for tumor cells during the progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The present study aims to elucidate the characteristics of fatty acid metabolism (FAM) in CLL, construct a related prognostic score, and investigate the regulatory role and mechanisms of FAM in CLL development.

Methods: Bulk RNA sequencing data from CLL patients and healthy controls were analyzed to identify differentially expressed fatty acid metabolic genes.

Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharide alleviates ulcerative colitis via gut microbiota-independent modulation of inflammatory immune response.

Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides (PCP) exhibit ameliorative effects on colitis. However, whether the protective effects of PCP depend on the gut microbiota and how PCP regulates intestinal immune responses to alleviate colitis remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of PCP against colitis focusing on the regulation of intestinal immune response.

Influence of Processing Parameters on Additively Manufactured Architected Cellular Metals: Emphasis on Biomedical Applications.

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has emerged as a transformative additive manufacturing technique for fabricating architected cellular metallic structures, offering tailored properties for diverse biomedical applications. These structures are particularly well-suited for bone implants, scaffolds, and other load-bearing medical devices due to their ability to achieve lightweight designs, enhanced mechanical properties, and customized geometries. However, the complex interactions between LPBF process parameters and the resulting structural and mechanical properties pose significant challenges in achieving the precision and reliability required for clinical applications.

Hollow nanosystem-boosting synergistic effects between photothermal therapy and chemodynamic therapy self-supplied hydrogen peroxide and relieved hypoxia.

Nanomedicine-based photothermal therapy (PTT) has been considered as an excellent alternative for treatment of tumor tissue due to its high therapeutic efficiency and controllable range. However, the overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) during PTT and the hypoxic properties of the tumor microenvironment can lead to intracellular thermal resistance and reduce its effectiveness. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by the application of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), can eliminate HSPs and overcome thermal resistance.

Engineering Nonvolatile Polarization in 2D α-InSe/α-GaSe Ferroelectric Junctions.

The advent of two-dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics offers a new paradigm for device miniaturization and multifunctionality. Recently, 2D α-InSe and related III-VI compound ferroelectrics manifest room-temperature ferroelectricity and exhibit reversible spontaneous polarization even at the monolayer limit. Here, we employ first-principles calculations to investigate group-III selenide van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions built up by 2D α-InSe and α-GaSe ferroelectric (FE) semiconductors, including structural stability, electrostatic potential, interfacial charge transfer, and electronic band structures.

Amino Acid Metabolism-Related Gene Kynureninase (KYNU) as a Prognostic Predictor and Regulator of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Dysregulation of amino acid metabolism is recognized to have a substantial influence on tumorigenesis and the modulation of tumor microenvironment. However, the role of amino acid metabolism-related genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains undefined. Therefore, we aimed to explore the influence of amino acid metabolism-related genes in DLBCL using bioinformatics approaches.

Epigenetic regulation in female reproduction: the impact of m6A on maternal-fetal health.

With the development of public health, female diseases have become the focus of current concern. The unique reproductive anatomy of women leads to the development of gynecological diseases gradually become an important part of the socio-economic burden. Epigenetics plays an irreplaceable role in gynecologic diseases.

A multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for cross-domain sequential recommendation.

Sequential recommendation models aim to predict the next item based on the sequence of items users interact with, ordered chronologically. However, these models face the challenge of data sparsity. Recent studies have explored cross-domain sequential recommendation, where users' interaction data across multiple source domains are leveraged to enhance recommendations in data-sparse target domains.

Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation Based on Frequency Domain Aware Stable Consistency Regularization.

With the advancement of deep learning models nowadays, they have successfully applied in the semi-supervised medical image segmentation where there are few annotated medical images and a large number of unlabeled ones. A representative approach in this regard is the semi-supervised method based on consistency regularization, which improves model training by imposing consistency constraints (perturbations) on unlabeled data. However, the perturbations in this kind of methods are often artificially designed, which may introduce biases unfavorable to the model learning in the handling of medical image segmentation.

Global Trends in Prevalence and Future Projections of Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A 30-year Epidemiological Study.

Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a widespread disease in women. Despite its significant prevalence, there is a lack of comprehensive global studies, emphasizing the urgent need for tailored prevention and treatment approaches. This study aims to examine the global burden of POP from 1990 to 2021 and project future trends using the GBD data.

Targeting the ALKBH5-NLRP3 positive feedback loop alleviates cardiomyocyte pyroptosis after myocardial infarction.

Several studies have associated the epitranscriptomic RNA modification of N6-methyladenosine (mA) with cardiovascular diseases; however, how mA modification affects cardiomyocyte pyroptosis after myocardial infarction (MI) remains unknown. Here, we showed that AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), an mA demethylase, is crucial in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis after MI. We used MI rat and mouse models, a cell hypoxia model of rat primary cardiomyocytes (RCMs), and rat embryonic ventricle cell line (H9c2) to explore the functional role of mA modification and ALKBH5 in the heart and cardiomyocytes.

Substrate transport and drug interaction of human thiamine transporters SLC19A2/A3.

Thiamine and pyridoxine are essential B vitamins that serve as enzymatic cofactors in energy metabolism, protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis, and neurotransmitter production. In humans, thiamine transporters SLC19A2 and SLC19A3 primarily regulate cellular uptake of both vitamins. Genetic mutations in these transporters, which cause thiamine and pyridoxine deficiency, have been implicated in severe neurometabolic diseases.

Type I Porous Liquids with Super-Low Viscosities: the Construction through a Rather Simple One-Step Covalent Linkage Strategy and Its Facile Regulation by a Mixed-Ligand Strategy.

Porous liquids (PLs) are a novel class of flowing liquid systems that possess accessible permanent porosity, exhibiting great prospects in gas capture and separation. Nevertheless, the further development of PLs lies in the facile synthesis and regulation of PLs with low viscosities. Herein, a novel strategy of preparing type I PLs with super-low viscosity is proposed through a simple one-step covalent linkage reaction using UiO-66-NH as the pore generator and monoglycidyl ether terminated polydimethylsiloxane (E-PDMS) as the sterically hindered solvent, respectively.

Dual-mode detection of human immunoglobulin via copper oxide nanozyme catalysis fluorescent species generation and photoelectrochemical alteration in ZnInS/SnO-based system.

Human immunoglobulin (HIgG) has gained recognition as a crucial biomarker diagnosing and treating various diseases, particularly in identifying elevated serum levels in conditions like measles and pneumococcal disease. Traditional detection methods, however, are often hindered by inefficiencies, high costs, and potential inaccuracies, underscoring the urgent need for more sensitive, efficient, accurate, and self-calibration methods for HIgG. Here, a novel ZnInS/SnO composites was synthesized, featuring uniformly dispersed SnO nanoparticles on the flower-like ZnInS structure, resulting in a type II heterojunction that promotes the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers.