Urease-Driven Janus Nanomotors for Dynamic Enrichment and Multiplexed Detection of Bladder Cancer MicroRNAs in Urine.

Bladder cancer diagnosis typically involves approaches such as cystoscopy, biopsy, urine cytology, and medical imaging. However, these invasive procedures carry a risk of complications, and direct in vitro detection on clinical samples often results in low sensitivity. Therefore, this study proposed urease-driven magnetic nanomotors for the simultaneous detection of bladder cancer biomarkers miRNA-21 and miRNA-182 in urine samples, aiming for noninvasive diagnosis.

Enhancing Cordyceps Sinensis shelf life: The role of liquid nitrogen spray freezing in maintaining hypha structure and reducing metabolic degradation.

Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) is a valuable edible fungus, known for its therapeutic benefits, including immune enhancement and anti-inflammatory effects, making it an important component in nutritional applications. However, its delicate nature makes long-term storage challenging, with conventional freezing often leading to the loss of bioactive compounds.

Dual function antioxidant and anti-inflammatory fish maw peptides: Isolation and structure-activity analysis via tandem molecular docking and quantum chemical calculation.

The structure-function relationship of gastrointestinal tract digestion-derived fish maw peptides remains largely unknown. This study aims to elucidate the active sites and cellular bioactivities of these peptides through molecular docking (MD), density functional theory (DFT) computations, in silico bioinformatic analysis, and in cellulo Caco-2 cell studies. In silico screening identified 29 non-toxic, non-allergenic, and water-soluble peptides.

Quantitative analysis of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) in fish muscle by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization using (2,4-dinitrophenyl)-hydrazine.

4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a reactive compound produced during the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, is implicated in numerous diseases and the degradation of food quality. Although the detection of HNE in meat has a long history, methods for detecting HNE in freshwater fish are inadequate due to the significant influence of matrix differences (i.e.

Sensory improvement and antioxidant enhancement in silver carp hydrolysate using prebiotic oligosaccharides: insights from the Maillard reaction.

Our previous studies have highlighted the potential of silver carp hydrolysate (SCH) in managing chronic diseases. Unfortunately, its fishy smell and bitter taste limited consumer acceptance. Prebiotic oligosaccharides are often used as dietary supplements, ignoring their role as carbonyl ligands in the Maillard reaction to enhance food's sensory and antioxidant properties.

Virtual monoenergetic imaging predicting Ki-67 expression in lung cancer.

This study aimed to optimize slope and energy levels for evaluating Ki-67 expression in lung cancer using virtual monoenergetic imaging and compare the predictive efficiency of different energy spectrum slopes (λHU) for Ki-67. Forty-three patients with primary lung cancer confirmed via pathological examination were enrolled in this study. They underwent baseline arterial-phase (AP) and venous-phase (VP) energy spectrum computed tomography (CT) scanning before surgery.

Insight into the protein oxidation impact on the surface properties of myofibrillar proteins from bighead carp.

The objective of this study was to elucidate the influence of oxidative modifications of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) on their surface properties. Oxidative modifications (deamination, formation of disulfide bonds and Schiff bases), particle size, net surface charge, and binding ability of volatiles (2-enthylfuran, 1-octen-3-ol, hexanal, and octanal) of oxidized MPs was measured. Molecular docking of volatiles with actomyosin was performed using Qvina-W program and the specific oxidative modifications (monoxidation and deamination) of MPs were determined using LC-MS/MS.

MicroRNA expression profile of cholesterol metabolism analysis mediated by desulfated holothurin A saponin in RAW264.7 macrophage-foam cells.

Saponins from the sea cucumber, , have been reported to modulate cholesterol metabolism and may be useful in treating atherosclerosis and related diseases, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study is designed to investigate the effect of the saponin desulfated holothurin A (desHA), prepared from , on cholesterol and lipid metabolism in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage-foam cells.

Serial CT changes in different components of lung cancer associated with cystic airspace in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The aim of this study was to observe changes in different components (solid, cystic airspace, or entire tumor) in lung cancer associated with cystic airspace following treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC), using computerized tomography (CT). We analyzed serial (baseline, first-time follow-up, and last-time follow-up) clinical data and CT imaging in six patients treated with NC. The diameters, areas, and volumes of different tumor components (solid, cystic airspace, and entire tumor) were measured.

Development of FL/MR dual-modal Au nanobipyramids for targeted cancer imaging and photothermal therapy.

Multifunctional nanodrugs have emerged as an effective platform to integrate multiple imaging and therapeutic functions for tremendous biomedical applications. However, the development of a simple potent theranostic nanoplatform is still an intractable challenge. Herein, a novel theranostic nanoplatform was developed by coupling prepared Au nanobipyramids with GdO, Au nanoclusters and denatured bovine serum albumin (AuNBP-GdO/Au-dBSA) for FL/MR dual-modal imaging guided photothermal therapy.

Tumor-targeted Gd-doped mesoporous FeO nanoparticles for T/T MR imaging guided synergistic cancer therapy.

In this study, a novel intelligent nanoplatform to integrate multiple imaging and therapeutic functions for targeted cancer theranostics. The nanoplatform, DOX@Gd-MFeO NPs, was constructed Gd-doped mesoporous FeO nanoparticles following with the doxorubicin (DOX) loading in the mesopores of the NPs. The DOX@Gd-MFeO NPs exhibited good properties in colloidal dispersity, photothermal conversion, NIR triggered drug release, and high T/T relaxicity rate (=9.

Effect of MTGase on silver carp myofibrillar protein gelation behavior after peroxidation induced by peroxyl radicals.

The objective of this study was to explore the oxidative modification induced by AAPH (2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride) on the microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) cross-linking reaction and gelling properties of silver carp myofibril protein (SCMP). Compared to AAPH treatment, MTGase addition resulted further changes of protein properties as evidenced by the decreasing free amino and thiol group content, the decreased secondary and tertiary structure, and the increasing storage modulus (G') and gel strength (P < 0.05).

Tumor Targeted Multifunctional Magnetic Nanobubbles for MR/US Dual Imaging and Focused Ultrasound Triggered Drug Delivery.

The development of multifunctional nanoplatforms that are safe and have multiple therapeutic functions integrated with dual- or multi-imaging modality is one of the most urgent medical requirements for active cancer therapy. In our study, we prepared multifunctional magnetic nanobubbles (MF-MNBs) by co-encapsulating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and doxorubicin into polylactideco-glycolide-polyethylene glycol-folate (PLGA-PEG-FA) polymer-based nanobubbles for tumor-targeted ultrasound (US)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and focused ultrasound (FUS)-triggered drug delivery. Hydrophobic SPIONs were successfully embedded into MF-MNBs by a typical double emulsion process.

Development of fluorescence/MR dual-modal manganese-nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets as an efficient contrast agent for targeted ovarian carcinoma imaging.

Background: Development of sensitive and specific imaging approaches for the detection of ovarian cancer holds great promise for improving the therapeutic efficacy and the lifespan of the patients.

Results: In this study, manganese-nitrogen doped carbon nanosheets (Mn-N-CNSs) coupled with Anti-HE4 monoclonal antibody (Mn-N-CNSs@Anti-HE4) were synthesized for the specific and targeted fluorescence/MR dual-modal imaging of ovarian carcinoma. The prepared Mn-N-CNSs revealed excellent aqueous dispersity, good colloidal stability, great optical properties and high longtudinal relaxivity rate (r = 10.

The predictive value of energy spectral CT parameters for assessing Ki-67 expression of lung cancer.

Background: To investigate the predictive value of energy spectral CT parameters for Ki-67 expression in lung cancer.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, 27 primary lung cancer patients confirmed by pathological examination were enrolled between December 2018 and February 2019. All patients underwent baseline arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) energy spectral CT scanning followed by surgery in our institution.

NAD-Independent L-Lactate Dehydrogenase Required for L-Lactate Utilization in Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501.

Unlabelled: NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenases (l-iLDHs) play important roles in L-lactate utilization of different organisms. All of the previously reported L-iLDHs were flavoproteins that catalyze the oxidation of L-lactate by the flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-dependent mechanism. Based on comparative genomic analysis, a gene cluster with three genes (lldA, lldB, and lldC) encoding a novel type of L-iLDH was identified in Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501.

Rationally re-designed mutation of NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase: high optical resolution of racemic mandelic acid by the engineered Escherichia coli.

Background: NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-iLDH) from Pseudomonas stutzeri SDM can potentially be used for the kinetic resolution of small aliphatic 2-hydroxycarboxylic acids. However, this enzyme showed rather low activity towards aromatic 2-hydroxycarboxylic acids.

Results: Val-108 of L-iLDH was changed to Ala by rationally site-directed mutagenesis.

Genome sequence of the lactate-utilizing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain XMG.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa XMG, isolated from soil, utilizes lactate. Here we present a 6.45-Mb assembly of its genome sequence.

NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase is required for L-lactate utilization in Pseudomonas stutzeri SDM.

Background: Various Pseudomonas strains can use L-lactate as their sole carbon source for growth. However, the L-lactate-utilizing enzymes in Pseudomonas have never been identified and further studied.

Methodology/principal Findings: An NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-iLDH) was purified from the membrane fraction of Pseudomonas stutzeri SDM.

Lactate utilization is regulated by the FadR-type regulator LldR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

NAD-independent L-lactate dehydrogenase (l-iLDH) and NAD-independent D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-iLDH) activities are induced coordinately by either enantiomer of lactate in Pseudomonas strains. Inspection of the genomic sequences of different Pseudomonas strains revealed that the lldPDE operon comprises 3 genes, lldP (encoding a lactate permease), lldD (encoding an L-iLDH), and lldE (encoding a D-iLDH). Cotranscription of lldP, lldD, and lldE in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain XMG starts with the base, C, that is located 138 bp upstream of the lldP ATG start codon.

Genome sequence of Pseudomonas stutzeri SDM-LAC, a typical strain for studying the molecular mechanism of lactate utilization.

Pseudomonas stutzeri SDM-LAC is an efficient lactate utilizer with various applications in biocatalysis. Here we present a 4.2-Mb assembly of its genome.

Cloning, expression, purification, and activity assay of proteins related to D-lactic acid formation in Lactobacillus rhamnosus.

Two proteins that might be responsible for D-lactic acid (D-LA) formation were screened from the genome database of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. The coding genes of the two proteins in L. rhamnosus CASL, ldhD1 and ldhD2, were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta with an inducible expression vector pETDuet-1 (Novagen, Darmstadt, Germany), respectively.

Gellan gel beads containing magnetic nanoparticles: an effective biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous system.

This study describes an efficient adsorbent consisting of magnetic Fe(3)O(4) and gellan gum, which couples magnetic separation with ionic exchange for heavy metal removal. Adsorption kinetics analysis showed that the adsorption capacities were in an order of Pb(2+)>Cr(3+)>Mn(2+). Different experimental parameters studies indicated that adsorbent dosage, initial metal concentration, temperature and initial pH played important roles in adsorption process.