Rotationally Intensified Proton Lattice: A Novel Lattice Technique Using Spot-Scanning Proton Arc Therapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and dosimetric advantage of using spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) for lattice radiation therapy in comparison with volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) lattice techniques.

Methods: Lattice plans were retrospectively generated for 14 large tumors across the abdomen, pelvis, lung, and head-and-neck sites using VMAT, IMPT, and SPArc techniques. Lattice geometries comprised vertices 1.

Approximation of functionals on Korobov spaces with Fourier Functional Networks.

Learning from functional data with deep neural networks has become increasingly useful, and numerous neural network architectures have been developed to tackle high-dimensional problems raised in practical domains. Despite the impressive practical achievements, theoretical foundations underpinning the ability of neural networks to learn from functional data largely remain unexplored. In this paper, we investigate the approximation capacity of a functional neural network, called Fourier Functional Network, consisting of Fourier neural operators and deep convolutional neural networks with a great reduction in parameters.

Generalization Analysis of Transformers in Distribution Regression.

In recent years, models based on the transformer architecture have seen widespread applications and have become one of the core tools in the field of deep learning. Numerous successful and efficient techniques, such as parameter-efficient fine-tuning and efficient scaling, have been proposed surrounding their applications to further enhance performance. However, the success of these strategies has always lacked the support of rigorous mathematical theory.

EPOC: A 28-nm 5.3 pJ/SOP Event-driven Parallel Neuromorphic Hardware with Neuromodulation-based Online Learning.

Bio-inspired neuromorphic hardware with learning ability is highly promising to achieve human-like intelligence, particularly in terms of high energy efficiency and strong environmental adaptability. Though many customized prototypes have demonstrated learning ability, learning on neuromorphic hardware still lacks a bio-plausible and unified learning framework, and inherent spike-based sparsity and parallelism have not been fully exploited, which fundamentally limits their computational efficiency and scale. Therefore, we develop a unified, event-driven, and massively parallel multi-core neuromorphic online learning processor, namely EPOC.

Investigate potential clinical benefits and linear energy transfer sparing utilizing proton arc therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the potential clinical benefits and dose-averaged Linear Energy Transfer (LET) sparing, utilizing proton arc plan for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in comparison with Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT).

Methods: Ten HCC patients have been retrospectively selected. Two planning groups were created: Proton Arc plans using Monaco ver.

Explore the feasibility of using spot-scanning proton arc therapy for a synchrotron accelerator-based proton therapy system - A simulation study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and plan quality of spot-scanning proton arc therapy (SPArc) using a synchrotron-accelerator-based proton therapy system compared to intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT).

Approach: Five representative disease sites, including head and neck, lung, liver, brain chordoma, and prostate cancers, were retrospectively selected. Both IMPT and SPArc plans are generated with the HITACHI ProBEAT PBS system's minimum MU constraints and physics beam model.

Metformin relieves bone cancer pain by reducing TGFβRI-TRPV1 signaling in rats.

Common cancer complications include bone cancer pain (BCP), which was not sufficiently alleviated by traditional analgesics. More safe and effective therapy was urgent needed. Metformin relieved osteoarthritis pain, but the analgesia of Metformin in BCP was not well studied.

Dosimetric comparison of IMPT vs VMAT for multiple lung lesions: an NTCP model-based decision-making strategy.

To compare the dosimetric differences in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of multiple lung lesions and determine a normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model-based decision strategy that determines which treatment modality the patient will use. A total of 41 patients were retrospectively selected for this study. The number of patients with 1-6 lesions was 5, 16, 7, 6, 3, and 4, respectively.

The first investigation of the dosimetric perturbations from the spot position errors in spot-scanning arc therapy (SPArc).

. To quantitatively investigate the impact of spot position error (PE) on the dose distribution in (Spot-scanning arc therapy) SPArc plans compared to Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT).Twelve representative cases, including brain, lung, liver, and prostate cancers, were retrospectively selected.

Seasonal variability of lesions distribution in acute ischemic stroke: A retrospective study.

Seasonal variability could have an impact on the incidence and outcome of stroke. However, little is known about the correlation between seasonal variability and location of acute cerebral infarction. This study aimed to explore the relationship between onset season and the lesions distribution of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

WY-14643, a novel antiplatelet and antithrombotic agent targeting the GPIbα receptor.

Background And Purpose: Hypolipidemia and platelet activation play key roles in atherosclerotic diseases. Pirinixic acid (WY-14643) was originally developed as a lipid-lowering drug. Here we focused on its antiplatelet and antithrombotic abilities and the underlying mechanism.

First direct machine-specific parameters incorporated in Spot-scanning Proton Arc (SPArc) optimization algorithm.

Background: Spot-scanning Proton Arc (SPArc) has been of significant interest in recent years because of its superior plan quality. Currently, the primary focus of research and development is on deliverability and treatment efficiency.

Purpose: To address the challenges in generating a deliverable and efficient SPArc plan for a proton therapy system with a massive gantry, we developed a novel SPArc optimization algorithm (SPArc) by directly incorporating the machine-specific parameters such as gantry mechanical constraints and proton delivery sequence.

Impact of and interplay between proton arc therapy and range uncertainties in proton therapy for head-and-neck cancer.

. Proton therapy reduces the integral dose to the patient compared to conventional photon treatments. However,proton range uncertainties remain a considerable hurdle.

Peripheral Blood CD8+T Cell as a Prognostic Biomarker for Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients Without Antiviral Treatment.

Background: The status of T lymphocyte subset counts in patients with COVID-19 remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess alterations in peripheral blood CD3+CD8+T (CD8+T) cells among hospitalized COVID-19 patients who have not received antiviral treatment and to evaluate their prognostic value within this patient population.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study and a meta-analysis were conducted.

Clinical Characteristics and Molecular Epidemiology of ST23 in China.

Purpose: In clinical settings, CG23 () is the most virulent clonal group of . Continuous fusions of hypervirulent (Hv) and highly resistant strains have been reported; however, few studies have analysed the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of CG23 strains, especially MDR-sequence type ST23 strains. In this study, we investigated the molecular characteristics of ST23 and analysed the clinical characteristics of ST23 infections in a large teaching hospital of the third class in China.

Low ambient temperature exposure increases the risk of ischemic stroke by promoting platelet activation.

Background: Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests the association between low ambient temperature exposure and the risk of ischemic stroke, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: Given the crucial role of platelet activation and thrombosis in ischemic stroke, this study aims to investigate the effect of ambient temperature on platelet activation through multi-center clinical data in Tianjin as well as animal experiments.

Methods: From 2018 to 2020, nearly 3000 ischemic stroke patients from three stroke centers in Tianjin were included in the analysis, among them the ADP induced platelet aggregation rate was available.

Development of a standalone delivery sequence model for proton arc therapy.

Background: Spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) has been drawing significant interests in recent years because of its capability of continuous proton irradiation during the gantry rotation. Previous studies demonstrated SPArc plans were delivered on a prototype of the DynamicARC solution, IBA ProteusONE.

Purpose: We built a novel delivery sequence model through an independent experimental approach: the first SPArc delivery sequence model (DSM).

Clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections among 572 fully vaccinated (BBIBP-CorV) hospitalized patients.

Background: Breakthrough infections have been widely reported in vaccinated individuals. However, the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections among fully vaccinated (BBIBP-CorV) hospitalized patients have not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods: In the single-center cohort study conducted at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, we enrolled the hospitalized COVID-19 patients who had received full (2 doses) vaccination with the BBIBP-CorV vaccine between December 5, 2022, and January 31, 2023.

Extracting laboratory test information from paper-based reports.

Background: In the healthcare domain today, despite the substantial adoption of electronic health information systems, a significant proportion of medical reports still exist in paper-based formats. As a result, there is a significant demand for the digitization of information from these paper-based reports. However, the digitization of paper-based laboratory reports into a structured data format can be challenging due to their non-standard layouts, which includes various data types such as text, numeric values, reference ranges, and units.

A novel auxiliary diagnostic model for COVID-19 screening using enzymes based detection of serum biomarkers and clinical characteristics.

The screening for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on virus nuclear acid detection and radiology has encountered unprecedented difficulties due to the shortage of kits and facilities, and the lack of sensitivity and specificity, especially for developing countries. The study aimed to develop an auxiliary diagnostic score based on age, biomarkers, clinical characteristics (ABC) to rapidly and accurately screen COVID-19. Serum biomarkers were detected by enzymes catalyzed reaction method which is rapid and accurate.

Features of architectural landscape fragmentation in traditional villages in Western Hunan, China.

With rapid industrialization and urbanization in China, inadequate preservation of traditional architecture coupled with natural deterioration have led to the fragmentation of architectural landscapes. Drawing from ecological fragmentation research in landscape ecology, we consider the cultural landscape as our research object, viewing buildings as landscape patches, and determine a system for measuring architectural landscape fragmentation in traditional villages. The study shows the degree of landscape fragmentation can reveal the characteristics of traditional villages and the process of regional modernization.

The first investigation of spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) delivery time and accuracy with different delivery tolerance window settings.

. To investigate the impact of various delivery tolerance window settings on the treatment delivery time and dosimetric accuracy of spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy..

Novel Jasmonic Acid-Coumarin Pathway in the Eggplant That Inhibits Vitellogenin Gene Expression To Prevent Mite Reproduction.

Plants activate direct and indirect defense mechanisms in response to perceived herbivore invasion, which results in negative consequences for herbivores. is a polyphagous generalist herbivore that inflicts substantial agricultural and horticultural damage. Our study revealed that mite feeding significantly increased jasmonic acid (JA) in the eggplant.

The added effects of cold spells on stroke admissions: Differential effects on ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests an association between low ambient temperature and stroke risk, but available data are limited particularly on associations with different stroke subtypes.

Aims: The aim of this study is to estimate the relationship between cold spells and stroke admissions, including the effect of cold spells on different stroke subtypes (ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)).

Methods: A total of 144,405 stroke admissions from the Tianjin Centre for Health and Meteorology Multidisciplinary Innovation in China, covering the period from January 2016 to December 2020, were studied, as well as meteorological and air pollutant data.