Characterizing defective lipid metabolism in the lateral septum of mice treated with olanzapine: implications for its side effects.

Schizophrenia significantly impacts cognitive and behavioral functions and is primarily treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) such as olanzapine. Despite their efficacy, these drugs are linked to serious metabolic side effects which can diminish patient compliance, worsen psychiatric symptoms and increase cardiovascular disease risk. This study explores the hypothesis that SGAs affect the molecular determinants of synaptic plasticity and brain activity, particularly focusing on the lateral septum (LS) and its interactions within hypothalamic circuits that regulate feeding and energy expenditure.

Andrographolide exhibits antinociceptive effects in neuropathic rats via inhibiting class Ⅱ MHC associated response and regulating synaptic plasticity.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) due to nerve injury, disrupts neural plasticity by triggering the release of inflammatory mediators. Alongside the hypothesis that neuro-inflammation contributes to this disruption, Andrographolide (Andro), a traditional bioactive compound derived from Andrographis paniculata, has garnered attention for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether Andro could ameliorate NP by regulating neuroinflammation remains unknown.

A bibliometric analysis and visualization of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia.

Objective: To identify major contributors, current research status, and to forecast research trends and future development prospects on acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu, WanFang databases, and the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), PubMed, and Scopus databases. The search strategy included relevant terms for HZ, PHN, acupuncture, and moxibustion.

Dysregulation of interleukin-8 is involved in the onset and relapse of schizophrenia: An independent validation and meta-analysis.

As a major mental health disorder, symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ) include delusions, reduced motivation, hallucinations, reduced motivation and a variety of cognitive disabilities. Many of these symptoms are now known to be associated with abnormal regulation of the immune system. Low blood levels of cytokines and chemokines have been suggested to be one of the underlying causes of SCZ.

Identification of key modules in metabolic syndrome induced by second-generation antipsychotics based on co-expression network analysis.

Background: Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) frequently cause metabolic syndrome (MetS), which raises the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, morbid obesity, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. MetS also impairs cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. However, the fundamental reasons of MetS caused by SGAs are not yet fully understood.

Intricate role of intestinal microbe and metabolite in schizophrenia.

Background: The brain-gut axis has gained increasing attention due to its contribution to the etiology of various central nervous system disorders. This study aims to elucidate the hypothesis that schizophrenia is associated with disturbances in intestinal microflora and imbalance in intestinal metabolites. By exploring the intricate relationship between the gut and the brain, with the goal of offering fresh perspectives and valuable insights into the potential contribution of intestinal microbial and metabolites dysbiosis to the etiology of schizophrenia.

Sleep deprivation alleviates depression-like behaviors in mice via inhibiting immune and inflammatory pathways and improving neuroplasticity.

Background: Sleep deprivation (SD) has been suggested to have a rapid antidepressant effect. There is substantial evidence that neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity play critical roles in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of SD to alleviate depression-like behaviors of mice, and the role of neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity in it.

Automatic Thoughts, Self-Stigma, and Resilience Among Schizophrenia Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The study aims to clarify the negative psychological state and resilience impairments of schizophrenia (SCZ) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) while evaluating their potential as risk factors.

Patients And Methods: We recruited 143 individuals and divided them into three groups. Participants were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD)-24, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA)-14, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Stigma of Mental Illness scale and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Intermediary roles of prospective memory and retrospective memory in the comorbidity of depression and pain.

Background: Patients who suffer comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic pain (CP) maintain a complex interplay between maladaptive prospective memory (PM) and retrospective memory (RM) with physical pain, and their complications are still unknown.

Aims: We aimed to focus on the full cognitive performance and memory complaints in patients with MDD and CP, patients with depression without CP, and control subjects, considering the possible influence of depressed affect and chronic pain severity.

Methods: According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the criteria given by the International Association of Pain, a total of 124 participants were included in this cross-sectional cohort study.

Alteration of faecal microbiota balance related to long-term deep meditation.

Background: Advancements in research have confirmed that gut microbiota can influence health through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Meditation, as an inner mental exercise, can positively impact the regulation of an individual's physical and mental health. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated faecal microbiota following long-term (several years) deep meditation.

Analgesic alkaloids from .

Objective: To investigate the analgesic substances in the aerial part of (), commonly used for rheumatoid and rheumatism arthritis.

Methods: The analgesic constituents were isolated with the active guidance of hot plate and acetic acid writhing models, and identified by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis.

Results: Thirteen alkaloids (-), two lignans (, ), and three amides (-) were isolated from the active fractions.

The role of achievement attribution in the associations between parent-child communication and psychological well-being among adolescents: A mediation analysis.

Background: Previous studies have explored the association between parenting style and offspring's psychological well-being, and the association between offspring's achievement attribution pattern and psychological well-being. However, little is known about the role of offspring's achievement attribution in the relationship between parenting and offspring's psychological well-being. We aimed to find the role of adolescents' achievement attribution pattern in the relationship between parent-child communication quality and adolescents' mental health.

Histone deacetylase 4 inhibition ameliorates the social deficits induced by Ephrin-B2 mutation.

Deterioration of inhibitory synapse may be an essential neurological basis underlying abnormal social behaviours. Manipulations that regulate GABAergic transmission are associated with improved behavioural phenotypes in sociability. The synaptic protein, Ephrin-B2 (EB2), plays an important role in the maintenance and reconfiguration of inhibitory synapses in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).

Potential Role of Pain Catastrophic Thinking in Comorbidity Patients of Depression and Chronic Pain.

Background: Although comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic pain (CP) has been well-studied, their association with pain catastrophizing is largely elusive. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of pain catastrophizing in patients with a comorbidity.

Methods: In total, 140 participants were included in this study and divided into three groups according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Association for the study of pain (i.

The Predictive Role of Aberrant Metabolic Parameters and Negative Automatic Thinking on the Cognitive Impairments Among Schizophrenia Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Purpose: The study aimed to clarify the cognitive impairments of schizophrenia with metabolic syndrome while evaluating their potential as risk factors.

Patients And Methods: We recruited 153 participants and divided them into three groups according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, criteria and the guideline standards for the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults in 2007 for metabolic syndrome, as follows: healthy control group (n = 47); nonmetabolic syndrome group (n = 58); and metabolic syndrome group (n = 48). Psychotic symptoms were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Network Association of Biochemical and Inflammatory Abnormalities With Psychiatric Symptoms in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as dyslipidemia and systemic aberrant inflammatory processes may occur in patients with psychotic disorders, which may cause increased mortality. The interplay between immune and metabolic markers and its contribution to the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ) remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the association of a series of inflammatory factors, plasma biochemical indicators, and SCZ clinical symptomatology with the severity of SCZ symptoms.

Microglial Activation of GLP-1R Signaling in Neuropathic Pain Promotes Gene Expression Adaption Involved in Inflammatory Responses.

Background: Neuropathic pain is a common chronic pain, which is related to hypersensitivity to stimulus and greatly affects the quality of life of patients. Maladaptive gene changes and molecular signaling underlie the sensitization of nociceptive pathways. We previously found that the activation of microglial glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) could potently relieve formalin-, bone cancer-, peripheral nerve injury-, and diabetes-induced pain hypersensitivity.

Estrogen augmented visceral pain and colonic neuron modulation in a double-hit model of prenatal and adult stress.

Background: Chronic stress during pregnancy may increase visceral hyperalgesia of offspring in a sex-dependent way. Combining adult stress in offspring will increase this sensitivity. Based on the evidence implicating estrogen in exacerbating visceral hypersensitivity in female rodents in preclinical models, we predicted that chronic prenatal stress (CPS) + chronic adult stress (CAS) will maximize visceral hyperalgesia; and that estrogen plays an important role in colonic hyperalgesia.

Network pharmacology-based exploration of therapeutic mechanism of Liu-Yu-Tang in atypical antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent in patients receiving atypical antipsychotic drugs (AADs), but there are few effective interventions. The Traditional Chinese herbal decoction Liu-Yu-Tang (LYT) has achieved clinical improvement for AAD-induced MetS, but its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear.

Method: A network pharmacology-based method was utilized in this study.

Involvement of Oxytocin Receptor/Erk/MAPK Signaling in the mPFC in Early Life Stress-Induced Autistic-Like Behaviors.

The neonatal or infant period is a critical stage for the development of brain neuroplasticity. Early life stresses in the neonatal period, including neonatal maternal separation (NMS), have adverse effects on an increased risk of psychiatric disorders in juveniles and adults. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not largely understood.

Bulleyaconitine A Inhibits Visceral Nociception and Spinal Synaptic Plasticity through Stimulation of Microglial Release of Dynorphin A.

Background: Visceral pain is one of the most common types of pain and particularly in the abdomen is associated with gastrointestinal diseases. Bulleyaconitine A (BAA), isolated from , is prescribed in China to treat chronic pain. The present study is aimed at evaluating the mechanisms underlying BAA visceral antinociception.