Cooperative condensation of RNA-DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION 16 splicing isoforms enhances heat tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Dissecting the mechanisms underlying heat tolerance is important for understanding how plants acclimate to heat stress. Here, we identify a heat-responsive gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, RNA-DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION 16 (RDM16), which encodes a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Knockout mutants of RDM16 are hypersensitive to heat stress, which is associated with impaired splicing of the mRNAs of 18 out of 20 HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (HSF) genes.

The plant terpenes DMNT and TMTT function as signaling compounds that attract Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) to maize plants.

During their co-evolution with herbivorous insects, plants have developed multiple defense strategies that resist pests, such as releasing a blend of herbivory-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that repel pests or recruit their natural enemies. However, the responses of insects to HIPVs in maize (Zea mays L.) are not well understood.

Loss-of-function of LIGULELESS1 activates the jasmonate pathway and promotes maize resistance to corn leaf aphids.

Corn leaf aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis) are highly destructive pests of maize (Zea mays) that threaten growth and seed yield, but resources for aphid resistance are scarce. Here, we identified an aphid-resistant maize mutant, resistance to aphids 1 (rta1), which is allelic to LIGULELESS1 (LG1). We confirmed LG1's role in aphid resistance using the independent allele lg1-2, allelism tests and LG1 overexpression lines.

Global research landscape and emerging trends in Graves' disease: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Graves' disease is a prevalent thyroid disorder and is the primary cause of hyperthyroidism. Significant progress has been made in understanding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease. However, bibliometric analyses on Graves' disease are lacking.

Bibliometric and visualization analyses of cancer-related fatigue research published worldwide from 2001 to 2023.

Objective: Cancer seriously endangers human health and represents a global public health issue. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a distressing and persistent sense of exhaustion caused by cancer or cancer treatment, widely prevalent among cancer patients. This study aims to summarize emerging trends and provide directions for future research of CRF through bibliometric and visualization analyses.

The burden and management competency of cardiomyopathies in China: a nationwide survey study.

Background: The public health burden of cardiomyopathies and competency in their management by health agencies in China are not well understood.

Methods: This study adopted a multi-stage sampling method for hospital selection. In the first stage, nationwide tertiary hospital recruitment was performed.

SISTER OF FCA physically associates with SKB1 to regulate flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Background: Proper flowering time is important for the growth and development of plants, and both too early and too late flowering impose strong negative influences on plant adaptation and seed yield. Thus, it is vitally important to study the mechanism underlying flowering time control in plants. In a previous study by the authors, genome-wide association analysis was used to screen the candidate gene SISTER OF FCA (SSF) that regulates FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a central gene encoding a flowering suppressor in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Chinese Medicine Enhancing Response Rates to Immunosuppressant PD-L1 Inhibitor and Improving the Quality of Life of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Bearing Mice.

Background: Malignant tumors are a significant disease endangering human health. Chinese Medicine (CM) plays an important role in comprehensive and holistic tumor treatment.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether CM combined with the immunosuppressant PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor has a good synergistic effect and can significantly improve response rates for the immunosuppressant.

A first-in-human phase 1 study of simnotrelvir, a 3CL-like protease inhibitor for treatment of COVID-19, in healthy adult subjects.

Safe and efficacious antiviral therapeutics are in urgent need for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019. Simnotrelvir is a selective 3C-like protease inhibitor that can effectively inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of dose escalations of simnotrelvir alone or with ritonavir (simnotrelvir or simnotrelvir/ritonavir) in healthy subjects, as well as the food effect (ClinicalTrials.

The Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine on Cancer-Related Fatigue in Adults: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) has an enormous adverse impact on quality of life and subsequent therapy of cancer patients. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is reported to improve CRF in many systematic reviews (SRs), but the effects are controversial because of variations in the quality and outcomes.

Methods: Thirteen databases were searched from inception to September 2022.

The P-body component DECAPPING5 and the floral repressor SISTER OF FCA regulate FLOWERING LOCUS C transcription in Arabidopsis.

Flowering is the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth and is critical for plant adaptation and reproduction. FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) plays a central role in flowering time control, and dissecting its regulation mechanism provides essential information for crop improvement. Here, we report that DECAPPING5 (DCP5), a component of processing bodies (P-bodies), regulates FLC transcription and flowering time in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Structural modification of (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nontriene enhances its ability to kill Plutella xylostella insect pests.

Background: Plant secondary metabolites and their modified derivatives play an important role in the discovery and development of novel insecticides. The natural plant product (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nontriene (DMNT) has been proven to be able to effectively repel and kill the lepidopteran insect pest Plutella xylostella.

Results: In this study, four oxygenated derivatives of DMNT were synthesized by allylic hydroxylation and subsequent etherification or esterification.

Combining quantitative trait locus mapping with multiomics profiling reveals genetic control of corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) resistance in maize.

The corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) is a major maize pest that frequently causes substantial yield losses. Exploring the genetic basis of resistance to aphids is important for improving maize yield and quality. Here, we used a maize recombinant inbred line population derived from two parents with different susceptibility to aphids, B73 (susceptible) and Abe2 (resistant), and performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping using aphid resistance scores as an indicator.

Inactivation of RPX1 in Arabidopsis confers resistance to Plutella xylostella through the accumulation of the homoterpene DMNT.

The lepidopteran crop pest Plutella xylostella causes severe constraints on Brassica cultivation. Here, we report a novel role for RPX1 (resistance to P. xylostella) in resistance to this pest in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Linkage mapping combined with GWAS revealed the genetic structural relationship and candidate genes of maize flowering time-related traits.

Background: Flowering time is an important agronomic trait of crops and significantly affects plant adaptation and seed production. Flowering time varies greatly among maize (Zea mays) inbred lines, but the genetic basis of this variation is not well understood. Here, we report the comprehensive genetic architecture of six flowering time-related traits using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population obtained from a cross between two maize genotypes, B73 and Abe2, and combined with genome-wide association studies to identify candidate genes that affect flowering time.

Efficacy and safety of oral Chinese medicine on cancer-related fatigue for lung cancer patients after chemotherapy: Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of about 18.0% among malignant tumors worldwide, and chemotherapy is the main treatment. 80% of patients receiving chemotherapy suffers from cancer-related fatigue, which is the most severe symptom, with a large effect on quality of life as well as prognosis.

Midterm Outcome After Septal Myectomy and Medical Therapy in Mildly Symptomatic Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was mainly to determine the midterm outcome of septal myectomy (SM) and medical therapy (MT) in mildly symptomatic patients (NYHA class II) with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM).

Methods: The study cohort consisted of 184 mildly symptomatic patients with HOCM evaluated in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University between March 2001 and December 2017, including 82 patients in the SM group and 102 patients in the MT group. Overall survival and HCM-related survival were mainly observed.

Preference Test of Larvae upon DMNT Treatment.

We describe a method to test the preference of insects in response to (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT). We use a device that includes a horizontal glass tube, two grooves (with activated carbon), air flow, rubber stoppers/tubes, transparent glass containers (optional), and a holder for the glass tube (optional). Equal amounts of activated carbon in the groove (removable) are placed at both ends to avoid air contamination.

Outcome of alcohol septal ablation in mildly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: A comparison with medical therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was primarily to determine efficacy after alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in mildly symptomatic patients (NYHA class II) with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), as compared to medical therapy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 163 mildly symptomatic patients with HOCM evaluated in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between March 2001 and August 2019, consisting of the medical group (n = 105) and the ASA group (n = 58). All-cause mortality and HCM-related death were mainly observed.

41-year-old male with a pituitary mass.

Cranial coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with contrast enhancement showed a sellar irregular lesion (Figure A). Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed two different morphologies. The majority of tumor cells had medium-sized to large cells with a high nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, vesicular nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and poor adhesion (Figure B), which revealed positive expression of CD20 by Immunohistochemistry (Figure C).

Regulation of Lateral Root Development by Shoot-Sensed Far-Red Light via HY5 Is Nitrate-Dependent and Involves the NRT2.1 Nitrate Transporter.

Plants are very effective in responding to environmental changes during competition for light and nutrients. Low Red:Far-Red (low R:FR)-mediated neighbor detection allows plants to compete successfully with other plants for available light. This above-ground signal can also reduce lateral root growth by inhibiting lateral root emergence, a process that might help the plant invest resources in shoot growth.

Volatile DMNT directly protects plants against by disrupting the peritrophic matrix barrier in insect midgut.

Insect pests negatively affect crop quality and yield; identifying new methods to protect crops against insects therefore has important agricultural applications. Our analysis of transgenic plants showed that overexpression of , encoding the key biosynthetic enzyme for the natural plant product (3E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT), led to a significant resistance against a major insect pest, . DMNT treatment severely damaged the peritrophic matrix (PM), a physical barrier isolating food and pathogens from the midgut wall cells.

Molecular variation in a functionally divergent homolog of FCA regulates flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana.

The identification and functional characterization of natural variants in plants are essential for understanding phenotypic adaptation. Here we identify a molecular variation in At2g47310 that contributes to the natural variation in flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana accessions. This gene, which we term SISTER of FCA (SSF), functions in an antagonistic manner to its close homolog FCA.