Equations for Predicting the 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Population With Obesity.

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a significant public health issue; however, current risk prediction models have limitations in populations with obesity.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop risk models for predicting ASCVD risk in patients with obesity.

Methods: Gender-specific equations to predict ASCVD were developed and validated using a cohort of 3,058 participants with obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m) in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study and 1,953 participants in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

Sex Differences in the Association Between Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy and Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Study.

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a severe complication of type 2 diabetes. Significant sex-related differences have been observed in type 2 diabetes consequences such as mortality. However, the effect of sex on the association between CAN and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes is currently unknown.

Mesoporous Silicon with Strontium-Powered Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic acid)/Gelatin-Based Dressings Facilitate Skin Tissue Repair.

Purpose: Functional inorganic nanomaterials (NMs) are widely exploited as bioactive materials and drug depots. The lack of a stable form of application of NMs at the site of skin injury, may impede the removal of the debridement, elevate pH, induce tissue toxicity, and limit their use in skin repair. This necessitates the advent of innovative wound dressings that overcome the above limitations.

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy modified the association between obesity and hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Previous studies have shown that increasing body mass index (BMI) was associated with decreased hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes, but it remains uncertain whether this finding could be applied to patients with and without cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN).

Methods: The study included 7789 participants with type 2 diabetes from action to control cardiovascular risk in diabetes (ACCORD) trail. CAN was defined as SDNN < 8.

CT-based radiomics for predicting lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer (EC).

Methods: The present study conducted a comprehensive search by accessing the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, with the aim of identifying relevant studies published until July 10th, 2023. The diagnostic accuracy was summarized using the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC).

The gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide induces aortic valve fibrosis via PERK/ATF-4 and IRE-1α/XBP-1s signaling in vitro and in vivo.

Background And Aims: The gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been implicated in the development of cardiovascular fibrosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress occurs after the dysfunction of ER and its structure. The three signals PERK/ATF-4, IRE-1α/XBP-1s and ATF6 are activated upon ER stress.

Interplay of heart rate variability and resting heart rate on mortality in type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Heart rate variability (HRV) and resting heart rate (RHR) are usually analyzed and interpreted separately. We aimed to assess the interplay of HRV and RHR on mortality in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The study included 7,529 participants from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial.

Intensive Glycemic Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction: The ACCORD Trial.

Objective: To assess whether the presence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction denoted by low heart rate variability (HRV) modifies the effect of intensive glycemic therapy on outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Patients And Methods: This study included 7946 participants in the ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) trial from January 2001 through June 2009. Heart rate variability measures included standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences between normal-to-normal intervals (rMSSD).

Serum Klotho Modifies the Associations of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality.

Background: The association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and mortality remains controversial. Klotho, a biomarker of vitamin D activation and metabolism, may play a key role in this association. However, it is unclear whether the association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality risk is modified by klotho levels.

Body weight time in target range and cardiovascular outcomes in adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Prescription of weight loss to individuals is often characterized by weight fluctuations. However, current body weight management metrics may have difficulty characterizing the changes in body weight over time. We aim to characterize the long-term changes using body weight time in target range (TTR) and test its independent association with cardiovascular outcomes.

Non-invasive left ventricular myocardial work identifies subclinical myocardial involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: Global myocardial work (MW) is a novel indicator that accounts for deformation and afterload, which may provide additional value for assessment of myocardial function. Non-invasive echocardiographic estimated left ventricular (LV) MW incorporates longitudinal strain curves and blood pressure data. This study sought to assess MW in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF) by two-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging (2D-STI) to reflect subclinical myocardial damage.

Changes in Cardiovascular Health during Young Adulthood and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Middle Age: The CARDIA Study.

Background And Aims: The benefits of reaching ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) are well known, but it is unclear whether positive CVH changes from young adulthood to middle age reduce subclinical atherosclerosis risk. This study examined associations of changes in CVH from young adulthood to middle age and CVH in young adulthood with subclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: Data was analyzed from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Intensity of hypertensive exposure in young adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age: Evidence from the CARDIA study.

Background: Chronically high blood pressure (HBP) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We measured the intensity of hypertensive exposure in young adults and calculated its prognostic significance for subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age.

Methods: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study enrolled 5,115 healthy black and white Americans who were 18-30 years old at baseline (1985-1986).

Postsystolic shortening and early systolic lengthening for early detection of myocardial involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Cardiac involvement predicts a poor prognosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) are used to identify subclinical myocardial involvement in various diseases. This study objected to evaluate postsystolic shortening (PSS) and early systolic lengthening (ESL) by 2D-STE for early detection of myocardial involvement in patients with SLE.

Impaired left ventricular systolic synchrony in patients with lupus Nephritis: A speckle tracking echocardiography study.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the value of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography measurements of the global longitudinal strain (GLS) and left ventricular mechanical dispersion (LVMD) in the assessment of early stage left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heterogeneity of myocardial contraction in patients with lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: Patients with LN and extra-renal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy participants in the control group underwent echocardiography for the traditional measurement of the left ventricular systolic and diastolic function and speckle tracking measurements of the GLS and LVMD. GLS was defined as the average value of the peak strain during systole of the left ventricular 17 segments, and LVMD was defined as the standard deviation.

Triglyceride-glucose index in the development of heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction: analysis of the ARIC study.

Aims: We aimed to investigate whether the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, an easy-calculated and reliable surrogate of insulin resistance, was associated with the development of heart failure (HF) and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction.

Methods And Results: A total of 12 374 participants (mean age: 54.1 ± 5.

Lacunes and type 2 diabetes mellitus have a joint effect on cognitive impairment: a retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the joint effects of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD)-related imaging biomarkers in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with cognitive impairment.

Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 227 participants (115 patients with T2DM and 112 healthy control subjects) were enrolled in this study.

Visit-to-Visit Fasting Glucose Variability in Young Adulthood and Cardiac Structure and Function at Midlife: The CARDIA Study.

Glycemic variability was found associated with left ventricular structure and function in type 2 diabetes. But it is still unclear that whether the greater visit-to-visit fasting glucose (FG) variability in young adulthood among the community population is associated with cardiac function alteration and cardiac remodeling at midlife. The community-based prospective cohort study of Coronary Artery Risk in Young Adult (CARDIA) recruited young participants at the baseline age of 18-30 years during the period of 1985-1986 (Year 0).

An appraisal of clinical practice guidelines for the appropriate use of echocardiography for adult infective endocarditis-the timing and mode of assessment (TTE or TEE).

Background: Echocardiography (echo) is the primary imaging modality for infective endocarditis (IE). However, the recommendations on timing and mode selection for transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) vary across guidelines, which can be confusing for clinical decision makers. In this case, we aim to appraise the quality of recommendations by appraising the quality of various guidelines.

Antiplatelet strategy in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A perspective from the guideline appraisal.

Aims/introduction: To appraise guidelines on the antiplatelet strategy of prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and highlight the consensuses and controversies to aid clinician decision-making.

Materials And Methods: A systematic search was carried out for guidelines regarding CVD prevention or focusing on type 2 diabetes patients. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument was utilized to appraise the quality of included guidelines.

A promising structural magnetic resonance imaging assessment in patients with preclinical cognitive decline and diabetes mellitus.

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is frequently reported in diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with changes in the microstructure of the brain arise in diabetic patients, including changes in gray matter volume (GMV). However, the underlying mechanisms of changes in GMV in DM patients with cognitive impairment remain uncertain.

Cerebral microbleeds, cognitive impairment, and MRI in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), a typical imaging manifestation marker of sporadic cerebral small vessel disease, play a critical role in vascular cognitive impairment, which is often accompanied by diabetes mellitus (DM). Hence, CMBs may, in part, be responsible for the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes. Novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, such as susceptibility-weighted imaging and T2*-weighted gradient-echo, have the capability of noninvasively revealing CMBs in the brain.