Characterisation of human astrovirus in a diarrhoea outbreak using nanopore and Sanger sequencing protocols.

Human astroviruses (HAstV) are etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis that most often afflict young children and elderly adults. Most studies of HAstV have focused on epidemiology. In this study, we collected 10 stool samples from a diarrhea outbreak from a diarrhea sentinel surveillance hospital in Beijing.

Genomic and epidemiological perspectives on the first local sporadic cases of Mpox in China.

From June 7th to 11th, 2023, eight cases of Mpox were identified in Guangzhou, China. This is the first report of multiple local sporadic cases after the imported case in Chongqing, China. Epidemiological investigation revealed that these cases had no history of international travel and no connections with each other.

Altered Respiratory Microbiomes, Plasma Metabolites, and Immune Responses in Influenza A Virus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Coinfection.

Influenza A virus (IAV)-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) coinfection causes severe respiratory infections. The host microbiome plays an important role in respiratory tract infections. However, the relationships among the immune responses, metabolic characteristics, and respiratory microbial characteristics of IAV-MRSA coinfection have not been fully studied.

Topography of respiratory tract and gut microbiota in mice with influenza A virus infection.

Introduction: Influenza A virus (IAV)-induced dysbiosis may predispose to severe bacterial superinfections. Most studies have focused on the microbiota of single mucosal surfaces; consequently, the relationships between microbiota at different anatomic sites in IAV-infected mice have not been fully studied.

Methods: We characterized respiratory and gut microbiota using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing by Nanopore sequencers and compared the nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, lung and gut microbiomes in healthy and IAV-infected mice.

Genetic and Phenotypic Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Beijing.

Objective: is a common multidrug-resistant pathogen that jeopardizes the health of hospitalized patients. We aimed to study the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) isolates from a hospital in Beijing.

Methods: Twenty-four CRKP clinical isolates were collected within a half-year to investigate antimicrobial resistance and genomic characteristics.

Qingchang decoction retention enema may induce clinical and mucosal remission in left-sided ulcerative colitis: A case report.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by relapsing-remitting abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucopurulent discharge and rectal bleeding. To date, the etiology of the disease remains unknown; therefore, medical therapy is not yet available. Left-sided UC is mainly treated with oral and topical mesalazine.

A CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection method for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.

Objective: Fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTS) is a tick-borne infection now known to spread among humans as an aerosol, which has resulted in several outbreaks across Asia over the past decade. As mortality is substantial, it is vital to establish a rapid, on-site nucleic acid detection method for diagnosis. Here we describe such a method for SFTSV (Dabie bandavirus) based on CRISPR-Cas13a.

Nosocomial Outbreak of Carbapenemase-Producing With Two Novel Genomic Island 1 Variants Carrying Different Gene Copies in China.

NDM-1-producing multidrug-resistant brings formidable clinical challenges. We report a nosocomial outbreak of carbapenem-resistant in China. Six strains collected in the same ward showed close phylogenetic relatedness, indicating clonal expansion.

Pneumonia Patients Caused by Co-infection With SARS-CoV-2 and Human Adenovirus in China.

To data, no patients with obvious epidemiological relationship co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens have been reported. Here, we investigated 10 patients caused by co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and human adenovirus (HAdV), resulting in third-generation transmission. From Jan 15, 2020, we enrolled 10 patients with pneumonia in Hunan Province, China.

Source-tracking of the Chinese Chikungunya viruses suggests that Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia act as major hubs for the recent global spread of Chikungunya virus.

Background: Chikungunya fever, caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has become a major global health concern, causing unexpected large outbreaks in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. CHIKV is not indigenous to China, and its origin in the country is poorly understood. In particular, there is limited understanding of the recent global spread of CHIKV in the context of the CHIKV epidemic.

F-florbetapir PET/MRI for quantitatively monitoring myelin loss and recovery in patients with multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study.

Background: Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) can measure in-vivo demyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the value of F-labeled amyloid PET tracer, F-florbetapir in the longitudinal study for monitoring myelin loss and recovery has not been confirmed.

Methods: From March 2019 to September 2020, twenty-three patients with MS and nine healthy controls (HCs) underwent a hybrid PET/MRI at baseline and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) assessment, and eight of 23 patients further underwent follow-up PET/MRI.

Metagenomic diagnosis of severe psittacosis using multiple sequencing platforms.

Background: Chlamydia psittaci is an avian pathogen that can cause lethal human infections. Diagnosis of C. psittaci pneumonia is often delayed due to nonspecific clinical presentations and limited laboratory diagnostic techniques.

Rapid identification and metagenomics analysis of the adenovirus type 55 outbreak in Hubei using real-time and high-throughput sequencing platforms.

The rise in human adenovirus (HAdV) infections poses a serious challenge to public health in China. Real-time (RT) sequencing provides solutions for achieving rapid pathogen identification during outbreaks, whereas high-throughput sequencing yields higher sequence accuracy. In the present study, we report the outcomes of applying nanopore and BGI platforms in the identification and genomic analysis of an HAdV outbreak in Hubei province, China in May of 2019.

Characterization of Plasmid Co-Harboring NDM-1 and SHV-12 from a Multidrug-Resistant Strain ZT01-0079 in China.

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant poses daunting challenges to the treatment of clinical infections. The purpose of this study was to characterize the genome of a strain with an IncX3 plasmid encoding both the and genes.

Methods: Strain ZT01-0079 was isolated from a clinical urine sample.

Characterization of an New Delhi-Metallo-1-Producing ST418 Strain from a Patient in Guangzhou, China.

New Delhi-Metallo-1-producing (NDM-1-producing) is one of the highly resistant pathogens affecting the intensive care unit. A previous study reported that ST418 was the main epidemic type of NDM-1-producing in Shenzhen, China. However, few NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant ST418 strains have been described.

Characterization of a New Transposon, Tn, on a -Carrying Plasmid From Multidrug-Resistant ssp. in China.

Background: is an opportunistic pathogen which is responsible for serious nosocomial infections. A gene which plays an important role in resistance to carbapenems is the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1). Currently, the spread of NDM-1-producing strains is a serious public threat.

Genetic characterisation of a complex class 1 integron in an NDM-1-producing Citrobacter freundii ST396 clinical strain isolated from a urine sample.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterise a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Citrobacter freundii strain carrying a bla-harbouring conjugative IncA/C2-type plasmid in China.

Methods: The whole genome of C. freundii strain L75 was sequenced both on HiSeq® (Novogene Corp.

Genomic features of an Escherichia coli ST156 strain harboring chromosome-located mcr-1 and plasmid-mediated bla.

The emergence of Escherichia coli strains coharboring the bla and mcr genes has become a new challenge in clinical therapy because of their resistance to most antibiotics. This study reports the emergence of an E. coli strain GZEC065 isolated from blood sample of a patient in China with both chromosome-located mcr-1 and plasmid-mediated bla genes.

Metagenomic Diagnosis for a Culture-Negative Sample From a Patient With Severe Pneumonia by Nanopore and Next-Generation Sequencing.

Rapid and accurate etiologic diagnosis accelerates targeted antimicrobial therapy. Metagenomic analysis has played a critical role in pathogen identification. In this study, we leveraged the advantages of both the MinION and BGISEQ-500 platforms to make a bacteriologic diagnosis from a culture-negative lung tissue sample from an immunocompromised patient with severe pneumonia.

An NDM-1-Producing Isolate from Hospital Sewage in China.

Background: The New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-positive plasmid and its variants pose daunting threats to public health. Hospital sewage was considered as an important reservoir of antibiotic genes. Numerous and diverse taxa of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria carrying NDM-1-positive plasmids have been identified during routine surveillance of hospital sewage.