Community-engaged medical education is a way to develop health promoters: A comparative study.

Background: Although the importance of health promotion and empowerment of the community has been recognized for many years, there are still many barriers to adopting health promotion in the world. One of the solutions is socially accountable medical education and community engagement.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the medical programs of five medical schools that practiced community-engaged medical education to medical education in Iran.

Explanation of the professional development process of general surgery residents in the operating rooms: A situational analysis.

Introduction: Numerous factors and elements are effective in the professional development of any field of study, including the educational structure, the individual characteristics of learners, and the educational atmosphere prevalent in the educational environment. Understanding each of these factors and elements and the relationships among them can guide educational system administrators in the direction of professional development. Surgical residents' professional development is no exception to this rule.

Exploring the surgical residents' experience of teaching and learning process in the operating room: A grounded theory study.

Background: Despite the development of valuable teaching methods and assessment tools in the field of surgery education, yet unpreparedness for independence practice by surgical residents remains a problem in most of the countries.

Aims: This study aims to explain the surgical residents' experience of the teaching and learning process in the operating rooms in Iran.

Material And Methods: This study is a qualitative research that was done from May 2019 to June 2020 in Tehran and eight other cities in Iran.

Surgical residents' challenges with the acquisition of surgical skills in operating rooms: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Training in operating rooms is challenging. Specifically, surgical residents often experience a stressful environment in training arenas that, in turn, might affect their ability in the acquisition of the required qualifications. This study aims at the qualitative explanation of how the surgical residents acquire the surgical skills in operating rooms.

Developing a protocol for determining the competitive advantage of clinical specialty and sub-specialty mission differentiation in Iran.

Introduction: The differentiation as a process occurs when new functions emerge in a system, and for this reason the university system is bound to diversify. With the advancement of knowledge and increase in competition, it has become a challenging issue and an inevitable necessity. This study aimed at identifying the dimensions of the differentiation of Iran's medical sciences universities through determining a protocol of the competitive advantage and scientific strength of clinical specialty and sub-spatiality departments of research activities.

Implementing Clinical governance in Iranian hospitals: purpose, process and pitfalls.

Introduction: Clinical governance as an approach to improving the quality and safety of clinical care has been run in all Iranian hospitals since 2009. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the processes and challenges faced in implementing clinical governance (CG) in acute-care hospitals in Iran.

Methods: We conducted an in-depth, qualitative, multi-case study using semi-structured interviews with a range of key stakeholders and review of relevant documents.

A total quality management approach to healthcare waste management in Namazi Hospital, Iran.

Background: Healthcare waste comprises all wastes generated at healthcare facilities, medical research centers and laboratories. Although 75-90% of these wastes are classified as household waste posing no potential risk, 10-25% are deemed to be hazardous, representing a potential threat to healthcare workers, patients, the environment and even the general population, if not disposed of appropriately. If hazardous and non-hazardous waste is mixed and not segregated prior to disposal, costs will increase substantially.