A new formula based on height for determining endotracheal intubation depth in pediatrics: A prospective study.

Study Objective: The main objective was to devise an endotracheal intubation formula based on pediatric patients' strongly correlated growth parameters. The secondary objective was to compare the accuracy of the new formula to the age-based formula from Advanced Pediatric Life Support Course (APLS formula) and the middle finger length-based formula (MFL-based formula).

Design: A prospective, observational study.

Effect of head position changes on the depth of tracheal intubation in pediatric patients: A prospective, observational study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of changing head position on the endotracheal tube (ETT) depth and to assess the risk of inadvertent extubation and bronchial intubation in pediatric patients.

Methods: Subjects aged 4-12 years old with orotracheal intubation undergoing elective surgeries were enrolled. After induction, the distances between "the ETT tip and the trachea carina" (T-C) were measured using a Disposcope flexible endoscope in head neutral position, 45° extension and flexion, 60° right and left rotation.